Keefektifan Bacillus SP. Dan Pseudomonas Fluorescens Mengendalikan Fusarium Oxysporum F.sp. Lycopersici Dan Meloidogyne SP. Penyebab Penyakit Layu Pada Tomat Secara in Vitro

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan isolat bakteri antagonis Bacillus sp. dan Pseudomonas fluorescens dari perakaran tanaman tomat yang secara in vitro memiliki kemampuan kitinolitik, mampu menekan Fusarium oxysporum pada tanaman tomat secara invitro, dan memiliki kemampuan untuk menekan penetasan telur nematoda. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Jenderal Soedirman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Bacillus sp. dan Pseudomonas fluorescens yang berasal dari perakaran tanaman tomat bersifat kitinolitik, (2) kedua bakteri tersebut dapat menekan pertumbuhan F. oxysporum secara invitro sebesar 3,22-66,67%, dan (3) kedua bakteri tersebut secara in vitro dapat menghambat penetasa telur Meloidogyne sebesar 17,15-64,85%

Pemanfaatan Beberapa Kaldu Hewan sebagai Bahan Formula Cair Pseudomonas Fluorescens P60 untuk Mengendalikan Sclerotium Rolfsii pada Tanaman Mentimun

A research aiming at knowing the potency of several animal broths as organic liquid formula of Pseudomonas fluorescens P60, soaking period of Sclerotium rolfsii sclerotia, and its application method on cucumber stem-end rot was done. Completely randomized design and randomized block design both arranged by factorial were used for in vitro and in planta tests, respectively. The first factor was six kinds of animal broth, i.e., golden snail, local chicken,broiler chicken, catfish, cow bone, and rat. The second one for in vitro test was the soaking period in the Pseudomonas fluorescens P60 formula, i.e., 0, 1, 10, and 100 hours and for in planta one was application methods, i.e., seed soaking or crop spraying. Result of the research showed that the best animal broth as liquid formula for Pseudomonas fluorescens P60 was golden snail broth indicated by suppression of sclerotial germination up to 97.4% after soaking for 100 hours. The best application method to suppress the disease was spraying method showed by suppressed of sclerotial germination, longer incubation period, and suppressed disease incidence and sclerotial late population of 55.79, 147.35, 66.67, and 59.68%, repectively. Spraying the formula could also increase crop height difference, fresh and dry weight of crop, fresh and dry weight of root, and root length to 146.83, 86.62, 112.5, 87.88, 140, and 159.68%, respectively.Penelitian dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui potensi beberapa kaldu hewan sebagai formula cair organik Pseudomonas fluorescens P60, lama perendaman sklerotium Sclerotium rolfsii, dan cara aplikasinya terhadap penyakit busuk pangkal batang mentimun dilakukan. Rancangan acak lengkap faktorial dan rancangan acak kelompok faktorial digunakan dalam penelitian in vitro dan in planta. Faktor pertama yang diuji adalah enam jenis kaldu yang terdiri atas kaldu keong mas, ayam kampung, ayam potong, ikan lele, tulang sapi, dan tikus. Faktor kedua pada penelitian in vitro adalah lama perendaman dalam formula kaldu Pseudomonas fluorescens P60 selama 0, 1, 10, dan 100 jam dan pada in planta adalah cara aplikasi terdiri atas rendam benih atau siram. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kaldu hewan terbaik sebagai bahan formula cair Pseudomonas fluorescens P60 adalah kaldu keong mas, yang ditunjukkan dengan penekanan perkecambahan sklerotium sebesar 97,4% pada perendaman 100 jam. Aplikasi formula cair terbaik untuk penekanan penyakit busuk pangkal batang adalah siram, yang ditunjukkan oleh penekanan perkecambahan sklerotium, memperlama masa inkubasi, serta penekanan kejadian penyakit dan populasi akhir sklerotium masing-masing adalah 55,79, 147,35, 66,67, dan 59,68%. Pemberian formula cair juga mampu meningkatkan selisih tinggi tanaman, bobot basah dan kering tanaman, bobot basah dan kering akar, dan panjang akar berturut-turut sebesar 146,83, 86,62, 112,5, 87,88, 140, dan 159,68%

Inventarisasi Dan Identifikasi Patogen Tular-tanah Pada Pertanaman Kentang Di Kabupaten Purbalingga

Atogen tular-tanah di lahan kentang merupakan salah satu faktor penting yang berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan, produksi, dan kualitas hasil tanaman. Inventarisasi dan identifikasi patogen tular-tanah di lahan kentang dengan metode purposive sampling telah dilakukan di Kabupaten Purbalingga, yang meliputi Dusun Gunung Malang di Desa Serang dan Dusun Bambangan dan Kutabawa di Desa Kutabawa Kecamatan Karangreja dari bulan November 2008 sampai Januari 2009. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis dan virulensi patogen tular-tanah di lahan kentang di lokasi tersebut. Isolasi dan uji virulensi dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Purwokerto. Peubah yang diamati yaitu karakter morfologi mikrobe patogen, kepadatan di dalam tanah, dan reaksi hipersensitif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tujuh spesies patogen ditemukan di lahan kentang, yaitu Fusarium oxysporum, F. solani, Ralstonia solanacearum, Curvularia sp., Phytophthora infestans, Helminthosporium purpureum, dan Pseudomonas kelompok berpendar. Populasi mikrobe di lahan kentang yang paling dominan ialah R. solanacearum, yaitu 71,6%, disusul oleh F. oxysporum sebesar 16,87%. Sebaran mikrobe di masing-masing lahan kentang berbeda. Semua lahan kentang di Kabupaten Purbalingga sudah terkontaminasi patogen tular-tanah penting sehingga perlu disehatkan kembali secara hayati.Soilborne plant pathogens in potato land are one of important factors influencing plant growth, production and yield quality. Inventarization and identification of soilborne diseases using purposive sampling method were conducted at potato land in Purbalingga Regency consisted of Guning Malang location at Serang Village and Bambangan and Kutabawa locations at Kutabawa Village, Karangreja District from November 2008 to January 2009. The study aimed to determine type and virulence of soilborne pathogens at the locations. Isolation and virulence test were carried out at the Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto. Variable observed in the research was morphological characteristics of pathogenic microbes, their density in soils, and response of hypersensitive test. Result of the research showed that seven pathogenic species were found at the land, i.e., Fusarium oxysporum, F. solani, Ralstonia solanacearum, Curvularia sp., Phytophthora infestans, Helminthosporium purpureum, and fluorescent Pseudomonad. The dominant microbe population in potato land was R. solanacearum with 71.6% followed by F. oxysporum with 16.87%. The microbes were spread differently in every potato land. All potato lands in Purbalingga Regency have been contaminated by the important potato pathogens so that soil bioremediation is needed

Pemanfaatan Bacillus SP. Dan Pseudomonas Fluorescens Untuk Mengendalikan Penyakit Layu Tomat Akibat Sinergi R. Solanacaerum Dan Meloidogyne SP.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan bakteri Bacillus sp. dan P. fluorescens dalam mengendalikan penyakit layu akibat sinergi M. incoqnita dan R.solanacearum pada tanaman tomat di rumah kaca. Pseudomonas fluorescens P8 merupakan bakteri antagonis yang terbaik untuk mengendalikan penyakit layu tomat dengan menekan masa inkubasi 95,39%, intensitas penyakit 69,95%, dan tingkat kerusakan akar karena nematode, serta untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman dengan meningkatkan bobot segar tanaman 52,80 %, bobot akar tanaman 47,48%, dan jumlah buah 58,86%

Inventarisasi dan Identifikasi Patogen Tular-tanah pada Pertanaman Kentang di Kabupaten Purbalingga

atogen tular-tanah di lahan kentang merupakan salah satu faktor penting yang berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan, produksi, dan kualitas hasil tanaman. Inventarisasi dan identifikasi patogen tular-tanah di lahan kentang dengan metode purposive sampling telah dilakukan di Kabupaten Purbalingga, yang meliputi Dusun Gunung Malang di Desa Serang dan Dusun Bambangan dan Kutabawa di Desa Kutabawa Kecamatan Karangreja dari bulan November 2008 sampai Januari 2009. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis dan virulensi patogen tular-tanah di lahan kentang di lokasi tersebut. Isolasi dan uji virulensi dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Purwokerto. Peubah yang diamati yaitu karakter morfologi mikrobe patogen, kepadatan di dalam tanah, dan reaksi hipersensitif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tujuh spesies patogen ditemukan di lahan kentang, yaitu Fusarium oxysporum, F. solani, Ralstonia solanacearum, Curvularia sp., Phytophthora infestans, Helminthosporium purpureum, dan Pseudomonas kelompok berpendar. Populasi mikrobe di lahan kentang yang paling dominan ialah R. solanacearum, yaitu 71,6%, disusul oleh F. oxysporum sebesar 16,87%. Sebaran mikrobe di masing-masing lahan kentang berbeda. Semua lahan kentang di Kabupaten Purbalingga sudah terkontaminasi patogen tular-tanah penting sehingga perlu disehatkan kembali secara hayati.Soilborne plant pathogens in potato land are one of important factors influencing plant growth, production and yield quality. Inventarization and identification of soilborne diseases using purposive sampling method  were conducted at potato land in Purbalingga Regency consisted of Guning Malang location at Serang Village and Bambangan and Kutabawa locations at Kutabawa Village, Karangreja District from November 2008 to January 2009.  The study aimed to determine type and virulence of soilborne pathogens at the locations.  Isolation and virulence test were carried out at the Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto. Variable observed in the research was morphological characteristics of pathogenic microbes, their density in soils, and response of hypersensitive test. Result of the research showed that seven pathogenic species were found at the land, i.e., Fusarium oxysporum, F. solani, Ralstonia solanacearum, Curvularia sp., Phytophthora infestans, Helminthosporium purpureum, and fluorescent Pseudomonad. The dominant microbe population in potato land was R. solanacearum with 71.6% followed by F. oxysporum with 16.87%. The microbes were spread differently in every potato land. All potato lands in Purbalingga Regency have been contaminated by the important potato pathogens so that soil bioremediation is needed

Pengaruh Pupuk Organik Cair dan Asap Cair dalam Pengendalian Xanthomonas Oryzae Pv. Oryzae dan Pyricularia Grisea pada Padi Gogo Galur G136

Increment of upland rice production in Indonesia faces many problems mainly from kresek caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae and blast caused by Pyricularia grisea. The use of Liquid Organic Fertilizer (LOF) and liquid smoke provides an alternative method to control the pathogen. This research aimed at knowing the potency of the leaf fertilizer applied to the soil and the liquid smoke to control the disease in G136 line's rice and on the crop growth. Randomized Block Design was used with six treatments and replicated four times. The treatments were control without liquid smoke, control with 2% liquid smoke, using 2 ml l-1 LOF Biosena without or with 2% liquid smoke, and using 4 ml l-1 LOF Biosena without or with 2% liquid smoke. The variables observed were incubation period, disease intensity, infection rate, crop height, number of shoots, weight of 1,000 grains and rice production per hectare. The result of the research showed that treatment using the leaf LOF applied to the soil of 4 ml l-1 or 2 ml l-1, and combining with 2% liquid smoke was not able to suppress the kresek and blast development in G136 line. All treatment influenced the number of shoots and the crop height plants, but didn't influence the weight of 1,000 grains and the rice production per hectare. INTISARIPeningkatan produksi padi gogo di Indonesia menemui banyak kendala di antaranya adalah penyakit kresek yang disebabkan oleh Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae dan penyakit blas yang disebabkan Pyricularia grisea. Penggunaan pupuk organik cair (POC) dan asap cair merupakan salah satu alternatif dalam pengendalian patogen ini. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi POC daun yang diaplikasikan pada tanah dan asap cair dalam menekan serangan penyebab penyakit pada padi gogo galur G136 serta pengaruhnya terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok terdiri atas enam perlakuan dan empat ulangan, yaitu kontrol tanpa asap cair, kontrol menggunakan asap cair 2%, 2 ml/l POC Biosena tanpa asap cair dan menggunakan asap cair 2%, 4 ml/l POC Biosena tanpa asap cair dan menggunakan asap cair 2%. Variabel yang diamati adalah masa inkubasi, intensitas penyakit, laju infeksi, tinggi tanaman, jumlah anakan, bobot 1.000 bulir, dan produksi padi per hektar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan POC daun yang diaplikasikan pada tanah dengan dosis 4ml/l dan 2 ml/l, serta asap cair 2% belum mampu menekan perkembangan penyakit kresek dan blas pada tanaman padi gogo galur G136. Perlakuan berpengaruh terhadap jumlah anakan dan tinggi tanaman tetapi tidak berpengaruh terhadap bobot 1.000 bulir dan produksi padi per hektar

Uji Kesesuaian Empat Isolat Trichoderma Spp. Dan Daya Hambat in Vitro Terhadap Beberapa Patogen Tanaman

Compatibility test of four Trichoderma spp. Isolates and in vitro inhibition ability on several plant pathogens. In vitro descriptive compatibility research was carried out to know the compatibility among Trichoderma spp. isolates and their inhibition ability toward several plant pathogens. Four Trichoderma spp. isolates used were ginger, shallot, banana, and pineapple isolates; while the pathogens used were pathogenic fungi (Fusarium, Colletotrichum, Phytophthora, and Sclerotium), bacteria (Ralstonia), and nematode (Meloidogyne dan Globodera). Observation was done toward inhibition zone between Trichoderma spp. isolates, colony radial growth, mycelial dry weight, and nematode mortality. Result of the research indicated that the four Trichoderma spp. isolates were compatible and no growth inhibition was observed. The inhibition ability of all Trichoderma spp. isolates varied and the ginger isolate had the highest inhibition ability and mortality on all fungal species and the nematodes, while on the pathogenic bacteria there was no inhibition

Uji Lapangan Formula Cair Pseudomonas Fluorescens P60 terhadap Layu Fusarium pada Tanaman Tomat

A research aimed at knowing 1) the effect of Pseudomonas fluorescens P60 in liquid formula on Fusarium wilt of tomato, 2) the effect of P. fluorescens P60 in the formula on tomato growth and yield, and 3) P. fluorescens P60 mechanisms on tomata was carried out at tomato field of Selomoyo Village, Kaliangkrik Subdistrict, Magelang Regency at altitude of 826 m above sea level. Randomized block design was used with seven treatments and four replicates. The treatments were control, with P. fluorescens P60 soaked for 15 min and without fungicide, pathogen without P. fluorescens P60 with fungicide (PBG1), pathogen with P. fluorescens P60 without fungicide, pathogen with pouring P. fluorescens P60 1, 3, and 5 times. Result indicated that application of formulated P. fluorescens P60 for 5 times decreased the disease intensity as high as 26.77%, and late population of the pathogen but increased P. fluorescens P60 as high as 4.54×1010 cfu ml-1. P. fluorescens P60 affected growth and yield of tomato. P. Fluorescens P60 induced tomato resistance by increasing qualitatively its phenolic compound content (saponin, tannin, glycoside). Penelitian dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui: 1) pengaruh Pseudomonas fluorescens P60 dalam formula cair terhadap penyakit layu fusarium pada tanaman tomat, 2) pengaruh P. fluorescens P60 dalam formula cair terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman tomat, dan 3) mekanisme P. fluorescens P60 pada tanaman tomat dilakukan di lahan Desa Selomoyo, Kecamatan Kaliangkrik, Kabupaten Magelang dengan ketinggian 826 m di atas permukaan laut. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK), dengan 7 perlakuan dan jumlah ulangan 4 kali, dan setiap unit terdiri atas 8 tanaman. Perlakuan tersebut meliputi kontrol; dengan P. fluorescens P60 rendam 15 menit dan tanpa fungisida; dengan patogen; tanpa P. fluorescens P60; dengan fungisida (PBG1); patogen, tanpa P. fluorescens P60, tanpa fungisida; patogen, dengan penyiraman P. fluorescens P60 1 kali; patogen, dengan penyiraman P. fluorescens P60 3 kali; dan patogen, dengan penyiraman P. fluorescens P60 5 kali. Pemberian P. fluorescens P60 selama 5 kali memberikan pengaruh sangat nyata dalam menekan penyakit layu fusarium yang disebabkan Fusarium oxysporum. Hal ini ditunjukkan pada penurunan intensitas penyakit sebesar 26,77%, rendahnya kepadatan akhir F. oxysporum serta tingginya nilai kepadatan P. fluorescens P60 sebesar 4,54×1010 unit pembentuk spora/ml. Pengaruh pemberian P. fluorescens P60 belum menunjukkan pengaruh nyata pada komponen pertumbuhan dan hasil. P. fluorescens P60 mampu mengimbas ketahanan tanaman tomat dengan meningkatkan kandungan senyawa fenol (saponin, tanin, glikosida)

Compatibility Test of Four Trichoderma Spp. Isolates on Several Synthetic Pesticides

This research aimed to study the compatibility of some Trichoderma spp. isolates on some synthetic chemical pesticides carried out at the Laboratory of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Jenderal Soedirman University from April up to July 2014. Trichoderma isolates were derived from rhizosphere exploration on ginger, banana, pineapple and shallot. The synthetic pesticides used were mancozeb and propineb (fungicides), oxytetracycline and streptomycin sulfate (agrimycin, bactericides), carbofuran (nematicide), and deltamethrin and prefenophos (insecticides: synthetic pyrethroids and chiral organophosphates, respectively). The compatibility test used food poisoning method in a completely randomized design with three replicates. Variables observed were discolouration, sporulation, colony diameter, conidia density, and fungal growth at pesticides treatment. The data were analyzed by F test at 5 % significant level and continued by Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) when there was a significant difference. The result of the research showed that the most significant decreasing of Trichoderma spp. was found on mancozeb for shallot, ginger, and banana isolates, and propineb for pineapple isolate, respectively, 89.4, 97.7, 93.3, and 95.2 %. This result was in line with colour, sporulation, and inhibition level observation