Review: Burden on Family Caregivers Caring for Patients with Schizophrenia and Its Related Factors

Background: Family caregiver is the most important person who cares for patient with schizophrenia. However when care is provided for long time, he/she may experiences the burden.Purpose: The purpose was to review concept and factors related to burden on family caregivers caring for patients with schizophrenia.Method: A literatures were searched from databases: Pubmed, CINAHL, and Science Direct. Key words used to retrieve literature include caregiver burden and schizophrenia. Searching was limited in English language, full text, and the year of publication from 2000 to 2009 was used.Results: Twenty two studies were reviewed in this paper. The result showed that the caregivers caring for patients with schizophrenia experience burden. Burden was defined as a negative impact of caring for the impaired person experienced by caregiver on their activity (objective burden) or feeling (subjective burden) that involves emotional, physical health, social life, and financial status. Factors related to burden on family caregiver were grouped into: 1) caregiver‟s factors included age, gender, educational level, income, health status, and spent time per day, knowledge of schizophrenia, culture, and coping; 2) patient‟s factors included age, clinical symptoms, and disability in daily life; 3) environmental factors included mental health service and social support.Conclusion: Definition of burden have quite same meaning and mostly factors focus on the patient‟s symptoms, demographic factors of caregiver, and time spent per day. Most of studies cannot be generalized due to small sample used in the study and that too conducted in western countries. For further research, the correlation between burden and resources of family caregiver should be investigated particularly in eastern country

Social Support and Coping of Indonesian Family Caregivers Caring for Persons with Schizophrenia

Purpose: The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between social support and coping of family caregivers caring for persons with schizophrenia in West Java Province, Indonesia. Methods: This study used the correlational design. Eighty eight family caregivers who cared for persons with schizophrenia were recruited from the Outpatient Department of West Java Province Mental Hospital, West Java, Indonesia through purposive sampling technique. Data were collected by self-report questionnaires using the Perceived Social Support Questionnaire (PSSQ) and the Jalowiec Coping Scale (JCS). Then, data was analyzed by descriptive and Pearson\u27s product-moment correlation statistic.Results: Overall social support was perceived at a moderate level. The most often coping methods used was optimistic optimistic, followed by self-reliant coping, confrontative coping, and supportant coping. There were significant positive correlation between social support and confrontative coping (r = .68, p < .01), optimistic coping (r = .42, p < .01), and supportant coping (r = .46, p < .01). Social support was significantly and negatively correlate with evasive coping (r = -.52, p < .01) and fatalistic coping (r = -.41, p < .05).Conclusion: For nurses, providing social support including emotional, informational, instrumental, and appraisal support were to be important for caregiver to determine effective coping strategies

Parent's Anxiety Towards Juvenile Deliquency Phenomenon in Bandung, Indonesia

Juvenile delinquency is a behavior that can disturb the local people, especially parents who have adolescents. Parents who have adloescents will be more anxious and will treat their child in a overprotective way to keep their child from juvenile delinquency. This study aims to know the level of parental anxiety about juvenile delinquency phenomenon in Babakansari Kiaracondong Bandung.This study used quantitative descriptive method with cross sectional approach. The sample which was taken using proporsionate random sampling technique are 258 respondents. The data collection used State-Trait Anxiety for Adults. The results of this study indicate that in the state anxiety most respondents (55.8%) had moderate anxiety level. Whereas, in trait anxiety almost all respondents (76.0%) had moderate anxiety level.The conclusions in this study that the level of anxiety of parents who have adolescents to the phenomenon of juvenile delinquency in Babakansari village are at moderate level. Based on these results, there should be special attention from the government working with community mental nurses to provide interventions such as emotional control, information about juvenile delinquency and help parents develop their ability to resolve problems related to the anxiety