Effects of Integrated Nutrient Management on the Growth Performance of Beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.) under Acidic Soil Conditions in Smallholder Farmer Fields

This research examines the impact of integrated nutrient management on the growth, yield, sugar content, and betalain concentration of beetroot cultivated in acidic soil (pH 4-5) within the farmer\u27s field at Khadimnagar, Sylhet, Bangladesh. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) was used to assess six fertilizer treatments combining varying rates of Urea, MoP, TSP, and vermicompost. This study aimed to evaluate how integrated nutrient management affects the growth, yield, and quality of beetroot in acidic soil conditions. The results indicated significant effects of the treatments on the majority of parameters. Key findings showed that moderate nutrient application (T3: 300-150-300 kg/ha N-P-K + 3500 kg/ha vermicompost) produced the highest yield (26.75 t/ha), with significant improvements in root weight, length, diameter, and betalain content. In contrast, excessive fertilization (T5) led to reduced yield and quality, while no fertilization (T0) resulted in the poorest performance. The highest sugar content (Brix%) was observed in T2 at 7.775%, suggesting a positive effect of moderate nutrient application. The results indicate that a combination of N-P-K at 300-150-300 kg/ha with vermicompost at 3500 kg/ha is optimal for improving beetroot quality and productivity in slightly acidic soils. The control group (T0) exhibited the lowest performance across all measured parameters. The study highlights the importance of balanced nutrient management in acidic soils. The data suggests that higher nutrient doses (T3 and T5) lead to significant improvements in beetroot growth, quality, and yield, with T3 generally showing superior performance across key metrics. Further field trials are recommended to validate these findings across broader agroecological contexts

Déjà Vu: A Fictional take on the Repeated History of Pandemics and IP Law

This artistic work takes one into the mind of someone at the forefront of academic and activist work returning to activism.  The work explores how the past is being repeated today, yet again. The movement forward to change our laws to provide healthcare from the AIDS pandemic to the COVID-19 pandemic has been painfully slow and there is a need yet again for academic activists

Psycho-social predictors of acculturative stress and adjustment in Pakistani Institutions

Objectives: The main objective of study was to investigate the effect of psycho-social predictors on acculturative stress and adjustment in Pakistani institutions.&#x0D; Methods: The study was carried out from November 15, 2016 to January 18, 2019. For this purpose data was collected from 450 international students who were studying in public and private sector universities of Pakistan and who experienced acculturative stress. The instruments include Relationship Assessment Scale, Acculturative Stress Scale for International, Psychological Adaptation Scale, and Revised Socio Cultural Adaptation Scale. The proposed model was tested by using SPSS (Version-23) and AMOS (Version-9).&#x0D; Results: Findings of the study revealed that relationship satisfaction (p&lt;0.05), length of stay (p&lt;0.05), and financial support (p&lt;0.05) significantly negatively predicted acculturative stress. Financial support significantly positively predicted psychological adjustment (p&lt;0.05). Employment status did not predict acculturative stress, psychological and socio-cultural adjustment (p&gt;0.05). Moreover, all psycho-social predictors did not show effect on socio-cultural adjustment among international students (p&gt;0.05).&#x0D; Conclusion: It can be concluded that general relationship satisfaction, more length of stay in host country, and financial support are very important for international students to manage their acculturative stress and to adjust better in a new cultural environment.&#x0D; doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.5.1214&#x0D; How to cite this:Riaz MA, Rafique R. Psycho-social predictors of acculturative stress and adjustment in Pakistani Institutions. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(5):1441-1445. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.5.1214&#x0D; This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</jats:p

Prevention of Oculocardiac Reflex by Premedication With Low Dose I/V Ketamine during Strabismus Surgery

Background: OCR commonly occurs during strabismus surgery, producing bradycardia, arrhythmias and even cardiac arrest after manipulation of orbital structures. Ketamine is NMDA receptor antagonist and acts as an analgesic. Aim: To determine the effect of ketamine premedication on prevention of OCR during strabismus surgery. Study design: Randomized control trial Methodology: 60 patients were randomly divided into two groups i.e., Ketamine 0.75mg/kg (Group K) and control (Group C). Group K patients were premedicated with 0.75mg/kg ketamine while Group C patients did not receive any premedication. Heart rate and ECG were observed 30 sec before and continuously after traction on extraocular muscles was applied upto end of surgery for bradycardia and arrhythmias. Percentage change in HR and presence of arrhythmias was documented. All the data was collected using case report form and analyzed using SPSS version 15. Results: In Group C, 15(50%) cases had arrhythmias while in Group K, only 4(13.33%) cases had arrhythmias. Mean HR in Group C was 118.77±6.92/min and in Group K was 101.57±15.65/min. In Group C, oculocardiac reflex was present in 23(76.7%) cases and in Group K, OCR was present in 6 (20%) cases and prevented in 24 (80%) cases. Conclusion: Premedication with 0.75mg/kg IV ketamine significantly reduces the occurrence of oculocardiac reflex during strabismus surgery. Keywords: Ketamine, Oculocardiac Reflex, Premedication, Prevention, Strabismus</jats:p

New computations of the fractional worms transmission model in wireless sensor network in view of new integral transform with statistical analysis; an analysis of information and communication technologies

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have attracted a lot of interest due to their enormous potential for both military and civilian uses. Worm attacks can quickly target WSNs because of the network's weak security. The worm can spread throughout the network by interacting with a single unsafe node. Moreover, the analysis of worm spread in WSNs can benefit from the use of mathematical epidemic models. We suggest a five-compartment model to characterize the mechanisms of worm proliferation with respect to time in WSN. Taking into account the ZZ transform convoluted with the Atangana-Baleanu-Caputo (ABC) fractional derivative operator, we employ it to analyze the characteristics and applications of the ZZ transformation using the Mittag-Leffler kernel. Moreover, we construct a new algorithm for the homotopy perturbation method (HPM) in conjunction with the ZZ transform technique to generate analytical solutions for the worm transmission model. Also, we address the qualitative aspects such as positivity, boundness, worm-free state, endemic state, basic reproduction number (R0) and worm-free equilibrium stability. Furthermore, we prove that the virus rate in sensor nodes is extinct if R01. In addition, we develop analytical findings to evaluate the series of solutions. Furthermore, a detailed statistical analysis is conducted to verify the nonlinear dynamics of the system by verifying the 0−1 test to determine whether uncertainty exists using approximation entropy and the C0 data. An extensive analysis of the vaccination class with respect to the transmitting class as well as the susceptible class is being used to investigate the effects of stepping up precautions on WP in WSN. Moreover, the modeling of the WSN revealed that reducing the fractional-order from 1 requires that the recommended approach be implemented at the highest rate so that there is no long-lasting immunization; instead, nodes remain briefly defensive before becoming vulnerable to future worm attacks