ANTIDIABETIC, HYPOLIPIDEMIC AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES AND PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF PUNICA GRANATUM PEELS POWDER AGAINST PANCREATIC AND HEPATIC TISSUES INJURIES IN STREPTOZOTOCIN INDUCED IDDM IN RATS

Objective: There is a growing interest in traditional medicinal plants since they contain medicinally active products to remedy many diseases. Punica granatum (PG) has many medicinal applications. The aim of this study was to investigate the antidiabetic, hypolipidemic, antioxidant and hepato-pancreatic protective effects of PG peel powder (PGPP) on streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats.Methods: Male Swiss albino rats became diabetic with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) after a single intravenous injection of STZ (50 mg/kg). IDDM-rats received either a daily oral dose of PGPP (200 mg/kg), or insulin for 20 days. On day 21, rats were sacrificed and levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), albumin, lipid profile, lipid peroxidation (LPO), nitric oxide (NO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were estimated. Histopathological studies of liver and pancreas were performed.Results: There was a significant elevation in FBG, AST, ALT activities, NO and LPO levels for induced IDDM. In contrast, albumin level, SOD activity, and TAC exhibited the significant decline. In addition, there was marked lipid profile disturbances, and histopathological changes of liver and pancreas. Following PGPP supplementation, the levels of all the above-mentioned factors were back to normal. Also, liver architecture and the size of an islets of Langerhans of the pancreas were almost back to normal. The effect of PGPP was more pronounced when compared with insulin.Conclusion: PGPP is an effective alternative for the treatment of IDDM through the regeneration of β cells of pancreas and via its strong antioxidant properties.Â

<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>′-Diphenyl-1,4-phenylenediamine Antioxidant’s Potential Role in Enhancing the Pancreatic Antioxidant, Immunomodulatory, and Anti-Apoptotic Therapeutic Capabilities of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells in Type I Diabetic Rats

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are considered to be a promising therapeutic protocol for diabetes mellitus (DM) management. The latter is attributed to their differentiation potentiality to pancreatic β-cells, angiogenesis, and immune-modulatory capabilities by releasing various paracrine factors. Interestingly, antioxidant co-administration increased the MSCs’ hypoglycemic and regenerative activities. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the therapeutic implication of type 1 DM after the co-administration of adipose tissue-derived-MSCs (AD-MSCs) and N,N′-d iphenyl-1,4-phenylenediamine (DPPD), compared to the single injection of either of them alone. In our four week long experiment, six rat groups were used as control, DPPD (250 mg/kg, i.p.), STZ-diabetic (D), D+DPPD, D+AD-MSCs (1 × 106 cell/rat, i.p.), and D+AD-MSCs+DPPD groups. Within this context, a single injection of AD-MSCs or DPPD into diabetic rats showed significant pancreatic anti-inflammatory, immunomodulation, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic capacities, superior to AD-MSCs injection. However, AD-MSCs and DPPD co-administration into diabetic rats manifested the highest hypoglycemic and pancreatic regenerative activities in managing diabetes compared to the single shot of AD-MSCs or DPPD. These results highlight the synergetic role of DPPD as an antioxidant in enhancing AD-MSCs’ therapeutic applications