Characteristics and management practices of selected Jamaican broiler growers in 1977-78

The purpose of this survey-type study was to (1) investigate the characteristics of three sizes of broiler operations under contract in : Jamaica in 1978, (2) to determine which of 16 recommended broiler management practices were being used and which were not being used by growers, and (3) to consider influences at work as broiler growers decided whether or not to use the recommended practices. A 10% random sample of 43 Jamaican broiler growers under contract in 1978 was randomly selected and interviewed. House capacity for growers in the study ranged from 6,000 to 42,000 birds. Large growers had grow-out capacities ranging from 15,000 to 42,000 birds, medium growers from 10,000 to 12,000, and small growers, 6,000 birds. All 43 growers in the study were full-time broiler growers, and nearly all, 95%, listed broiler growing as their main source of agricultural income. The average broiler grower had been in operation for 6.4 years and had two broiler houses on their farms, averaging 6.6 years old. All but one grower used gas brooders, and their broiler houses were ventilated by the sea breeze. Most growers, 86%, used pan feeders and changed litter after every grow-out. Most growers studied, 91%, used public water supply for their birds and reported little difference in the number of grow-outs per year, the average being 3.6. There was little difference noted also in number of days between graw-outs for all growers, the average being 22.8 days. All growers studied were found to be using all 16 management practices studied and seemed to have been most influenced by the broiler growing contract with their company. Most growers, 70%, planned to expand by building new broiler houses, and most, 56%, said they planned to use the Jamaica Development Bank (J.D.B.) as their main credit source. All were interested in learning more about management, housing, and their contract. Management, housing, and understanding of the contract agreement were work areas identified in this study where growers would like appropriate help from the Jamaica Extension Service

El parentesco: textos fundamentales

En el conjunto de trabajos compilados se encuentran todos los problemas empíricos y teóricos capitales de los estudios del parentesco: su relación con la organización social (Tylor, Durkheim, Rivers); el análisis de las terminologías (Kroeber, Lounsbury); la relación de las mismas con las formas sociales (Kroeber, Rivers); la teoría extensionista (Evans-Pritchard); la del linaje (Goody) y la de la alianza (Lévi-Strauss, Needham), son los más importantes. Asimismo, están representadas la mayoría de las regiones del planeta: Oceanía (Durkheim, Needham), Asia (Dumont, Radcliffe-Brown), África (EvansPritchard, Goody) y las Américas (Kroeber, Eggan, Radcliffe-Brown, LéviStrauss, Lounsbury)

Genetic Algorithm with Optimal Recombination for the Asymmetric Travelling Salesman Problem

We propose a new genetic algorithm with optimal recombination for the asymmetric instances of travelling salesman problem. The algorithm incorporates several new features that contribute to its effectiveness: (i) Optimal recombination problem is solved within crossover operator. (ii) A new mutation operator performs a random jump within 3-opt or 4-opt neighborhood. (iii) Greedy constructive heuristic of W.Zhang and 3-opt local search heuristic are used to generate the initial population. A computational experiment on TSPLIB instances shows that the proposed algorithm yields competitive results to other well-known memetic algorithms for asymmetric travelling salesman problem.Comment: Proc. of The 11th International Conference on Large-Scale Scientific Computations (LSSC-17), June 5 - 9, 2017, Sozopol, Bulgari

THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN STATIC FOOT POSTURE AND PEAK PATELLAR TENDON FORCE DURING SINGLE-LEG LANDINGS: PRELIMINARY FINDINGS

Patellar tendinopathy is particularly prevalent in jumping-sport athletes and develops due to chronic overloading without appropriate load modification. Pronated and supinated foot postures have been suggested to be associated with the development of the injury. This study aimed to investigate the association between static foot posture, measured using the Foot Posture Index (FPI), and peak patellar tendon force during single-leg drop landings. Kinetic and kinematic data were collected during a single-leg landing task and used to estimate peak patellar tendon force. There was no statistically significant association between FPI and peak patellar tendon force during landing (p = 0.910). Further research investigating how foot posture may affect lower limb loading during landing is required to inform pre-screening and rehabilitation protocols for jumping sport athletes