A systematic review about anti leishmaniasis effects of Allium species from 2000 to 2017

Introduction: Leishmania is a major public health problem worldwide. The aim of the present study was to investigate medicinal plants with anti-Leishmania activity which used in the world. Methods and Results: Data were systematically gathered from five English databases including Ebsco, Science Direct, PubMed, Google Scholar and Scopus, and four Persian databases including Magiran, Irandoc, Iran medex, and the Scientific Information Database (SID) from 2000 to April 2017. Obtained information included plant family, extraction method, extract concentration, animal models and parasite species. A total of 27 papers, including 44 experiments (26 in-vitro and 18 in-vivo), were eligible between 2000 and 2017 for systemic review and meta-analysis. Various species of Allium spp. were studied in Leishmania species. The study showed that there is not much diversity among studies. Result showed the highest proportion of Allium species used in the world as anti-leishmaniasis was Allium sativum. Conclusions: The present systemic review provides valuable information about natural products with anti-Leishmania activity, which would be examined in future experimental,  clinical trials, and herbal combination therapy

Antinociceptive effects of methanolic extract of Allium paradoxum in mice in Hot-plate and writhing tests

Introduction: Pain is a kind of problem that almost all humans have experienced. Although it does not require treatment in mild cases, pharmacotherapy is essential in severe ones. Various drugs are currently being used for this purpose. One of the problems with all these drugs is high rate of side effects. Therefore, there is always a desire for discovering and use of compounds that, despite high efficacy, have fewer side effects. Some natural substances have such criteria. Many pharmacological activities have been reported for Allium paradoxum. The aim of present study was to investigate analgesic activities of its aerial parts extract for the first time. Methods and Results: Total phenolic and flavonoids were measured by colorimetric method using Folin-Ciocalteu and Aluminum chloride reagents, respectively. Analgesic activity of methanolic extract was evaluated by Hot plate and acetic acid induced Writhing test on male Balb/C mice. Extracts showed significant Analgesic activity in both models. In writhing test extract showed significant analgesic activity in all doses tested compered to control group and reduced writhing behaviors (p<0.001). In Hot plate test Extract caused increase in pain threshold compared to control specifically in 30th minute of the test (p<0.001). Conclusions: Our studies indicate that Allium paradoxum showed significant analgesic activity. It produced dose dependent effect on both models. These results introduced this plant as easily accessible source of natural analgesics