30 research outputs found
Serum low density lipoprotein subclasses in asthma
Background: The levels of serum low-density lipoproteins (LDL) have been implicated in the
inflammatory cascade in a murine model of asthma. Recent findings suggest that LDL may
modulate the inflammatory state of the asthmatic airways in humans.
Objective: We explored whether LDL subclasses are associated with the occurrence and
severity of asthma.
Methods: 24 asthmatics (M/F: 11/13) and 24 healthy individuals, with normal BMI and absence
of metabolic syndrome, matched for age and gender. Serum concentrations of LDL subclasses
were distributed as seven bands (LDL-1 and -2 defined as large, least pro-inflammatory LDL,
and LDL-3 to 7 defined as small, most pro-inflammatory LDL), using the LipoPrintÂŞ System
(Quantimetrix Corporation, Redondo Beach, CA, USA).
Results: LDL-1 was similar in the two groups (56 ± 16% vs. 53 ± 11, p = NS), while LDL-2 was
significantly lower in asthmatics as compared to controls (35 ± 8% vs. 43 ± 10%, p = 0.0074).
LDL-3 levels were two-fold higher in the asthmatics, but the difference did not reach the statistical
significance (8± 7.3% vs. 4±3%, p=NS). Smaller subclasses LDL-4 to LDL-7 were undetectable
in controls. In asthmatics, LDL-1 was positively associated with VC% predicted (r=+0.572,
pZ0.0035) and FEV1% predicted (r=+0.492, p=+.0146). LDL-3 was inversely correlated with
both VC% predicted (r =-0.535, p =0.0071) and FEV1% predicted (r =-0.465, p = 0.0222).
Conclusions: The findings of this pilot study suggest a role of LDL in asthma, and advocate for
larger studies to confirm the association between asthma and dyslipidemia
Disrupting Circadian Homeostasis of Sympathetic Signaling Promotes Tumor Development in Mice
and why disruption of circadian rhythm may lead to tumorigenesis. oncogenic potential, leading to tumor development in the same organ systems in wild-type and circadian gene-mutant mice. is a clock-controlled physiological function. The central circadian clock paces extracellular mitogenic signals that drive peripheral clock-controlled expression of key cell cycle and tumor suppressor genes to generate a circadian rhythm in cell proliferation. Frequent disruption of circadian rhythm is an important tumor promoting factor
Gestational diabetes and the metabolic syndrome: can obesity and small, dense low density lipoproteins be key mediators of this association?
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) represents a condition of glucose intolerance with first appearance or recognition at the time of a pregnancy, associated with an inadequate pancreatic response to the advanced insulin resistance of the later stages of pregnancy, and accompanied by enhancing beta-cell mass and secretion of insulin. Women who had GDM exhibit a higher risk for later advent of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Additionally, previous GDM has been proposed as independently correlated with higher risk for development of atherosclerosis in a healthy population, similar to the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and independently of the presence of established CVD risk factors. Available data indicate multiple metabolic abnormalities common in women with GDM, including a high small dense low-density lipoprotein (sdLDL) concentration and a resultant high prevalence of CVD and the MetS. Preliminary data indicate that a measurement of sdLDL is worthwhile in women with GDM during pregnancy as well as the postpartum period. A close follow up of these women should be emphasized in clinical practice because GDM could predict not only eventual health risks for these mothers, but also their offspring. Thus, an improvement in care and risk modification of women with GDM may not only contribute towards improved CVD profile, but also potentially prevent adverse outcomes in their offspring. Lifestyle changes should be promoted in order to prevent excessive weight gain during pregnancy and decrease the risk of MetS in the postpartum and long-term
Lipid subclasses profiles and oxidative stress in aggressive periodontitis before and after treatment
Periodontal
Research Fund of the UCL
Eastman Dental Institute and it was
undertaken at UCL, which received a
proportion of funding from the
Department of Health’s National
Institute of Health Research (NIHR)
Biomedical Research Centres funding
scheme. FDA holds a Clinical Senior
Lectureship Award supported by the
UK Clinical Research Collaboration
Polyphenols: Potential Use in the Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases
BACKGROUND:
Polyphenols are bioactive compounds that can be found mostly in foods like fruits, cereals, vegetables, dry legumes, chocolate and beverages such as coffee, tea and wine. They are extensively used in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease (CVD) providing protection against many chronic illnesses. Their effects on human health depend on the amount consumed and on their bioavailability. Many studies have demonstrated that polyphenols have also good effects on the vascular system by lowering blood pressure, improving endothelial function, increasing antioxidant defences, inhibiting platelet aggregation and low-density lipoprotein oxidation, and reducing inflammatory responses.
METHODS:
This review is focused on some groups of polyphenols and their effects on several cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension, oxidative stress, atherogenesis, endothelial dysfunction, carotid artery intima-media thickness, diabetes and lipid disorders.
RESULTS:
It is proved that these compounds have many cardio protective functions: they alter hepatic cholesterol absorption, triglyceride biosynthesis and lipoprotein secretion, the processing of lipoproteins in plasma, and inflammation. In some cases, human long-term studies did not show conclusive results because they lacked in appropriate controls and in an undefined polyphenol dosing regimen.
CONCLUSION:
Rigorous evidence is necessary to demonstrate whether or not polyphenols beneficially impact CVD prevention and treatment
FIBROSIS DIAGNOSTIC SCORES VALIDATION IN OBESE PATIENTS WITH NON-ALCOHOLIC LIVER DISEASE
FIBROSIS DIAGNOSTIC SCORES VALIDATION IN OBESE PATIENTS WITH NON-ALCOHOLIC LIVER DISEAS
The effects of liraglutide on glucose, inflammatory markers and lipoprotein metabolism: current knowledge and future perspectives.
Glucagon-like peptide-1 is an incretin secreted in response to nutrient ingestion. Derangements in the incretin
system may contribute to the onset and progression of hyperglycemia in Type 2 diabetes. Liraglutide is a long-acting
human glucagon-like peptide-1-receptor agonist suitable for once-daily administration. Blood glucose- and weightreducing
effects, improvements in pancreatic b-cell function and a low risk of hypoglycemic events have been
demonstrated with this agent. There is a trend towards improvement in the proinflammatory milieu. Liraglutide
also appears to have beneficial effects on plasma lipids and lipoproteins in the form of a reduction in total cholesterol,
triglycerides and LDL cholesterol, and a concomitant increase in HDL cholesterol. These favorable effects of
liraglutide on multiple metabolic pathways may contribute to a retardation of atherosclerosis and possibly a reduction
in cardiovascular risk. However, prospective studies are still needed to elucidate the clinical impact of liraglutide
on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with Type 2 diabete