Correlation of uric acid levels and purine metabolism enzyme activities in plasma and liver tissues of diabetic rats

439-444The uric acid alteration in human beings causes major health problem due to its pivotal role in the etiology of many systemic diseases. The purine metabolism enzyme activities have a significant role in the process of elevated uric acid in diabetes mellitus. Hence, a study has been undertaken to understand the alteration of these enzyme activities in diabetic condition with an attempt to establish the possible cause for uric acid elevation. Alloxan was administered (150 mg/kg; i.p.) to induce diabetes in rats. Thirty days after alloxan induced diabetes, the enzyme activities were assessed in both plasma and liver tissues. The enzyme activities such as 5'-nucleotidase (5'-NT), adenosine deaminase (ADA), xanthine oxidase (XO) in the plasma and liver tissues were assayed by spectrometric technique and uric acid levels were also measured by Caraway procedure. A significant (PP< 0.001) in uric acid levels was observed in diabetic group. The uric acid and the activities of enzymes did not change significantly in control group. From the present study, it can be concluded that an increase in uric acid levels noticed in diabetic condition may be due to increased catabolism of purines as evidenced by increased activities of 5'-NT, ADA and XO enzymes

Correlation of uric acid levels and purine metabolism enzyme activities in plasma and liver tissues of diabetic rats

The uric acid alteration in human beings causes major health problem due to its pivotal role in the etiology of many systemic diseases. The purine metabolism enzyme activities have a significant role in the process of elevated uric acid in diabetes mellitus. Hence, a study has been undertaken to understand the alteration of these enzyme activities in diabetic condition with an attempt to establish the possible cause for uric acid elevation. Alloxan was administered (150 mg/kg; i.p.) to induce diabetes in rats. Thirty days after alloxan induced diabetes, the enzyme activities were assessed in both plasma and liver tissues. The enzyme activities such as 5-nucleotidase (5-NT), adenosine deaminase (ADA), xanthine oxidase (XO) in the plasma and liver tissues were assayed by spectrometric technique and uric acid levels were also measured by Caraway procedure. A significant (P&lt; 0.001) increase in 5-NT, ADA and XO enzyme activities in plasma and liver tissue with a concomitant increase (P&lt; 0.001) in uric acid levels was observed in diabetic group. The uric acid and the activities of enzymes did not change significantly in control group. From the present study, it can be concluded that an increase in uric acid levels noticed in diabetic condition may be due to increased catabolism of purines as evidenced by increased activities of 5-NT, ADA and XO enzymes

Effect of diallyl disulphide on hepatic glucose regulating enzymes in diabetic rats

567-571This study examines whether the glucose regulating enzymes mediate hypoglycaemic effect of diallyl disulphide (DADS) since the biochemical mechanisms by which the latter regulates hepatic glucose-metabolizing enzymes remain unknown. Hepatic hexokinase, glucose-6-P-D and pyruvate kinase are the important glucose metabolising enzymes that control blood glucose homeostasis and considered to be potential targets for antidiabetic drugs. DADS is an important phytoconstituent of garlic (Allium sativum Linn.) which has been reported to possess hypoglycaemic effect. Diabetes was induced in rats by alloxan and the diabetic rats were given DADS for 30 days and the effect was compared with the standard hypoglycaemic drug metformin. The levels of blood glucose and insulin were measured using spectrophotometer and by ELISA method respectively. Activities of hepatic hexokinase, glucose-6-PD, and pyruvate kinase enzymes in hepatic tissues were measured in DADS and metformin treated diabetic rats. DADS significantly reduced the level of blood glucose and simultaneously augmented those of insulin, pyruvate kinase, hexokinase and glucose-6-PD enzyme activities almost similar to metformin. The hypoglycaemic effect of this compound may be explained, in part, by its inhibition of these enzyme activities and improved hepatic glucose utilization. This observation offers scope for new therapeutic approach in treating diabetes particularly in insulin- resistant cases

Effect of Diallyl Disulphide on Hepatic Glucose Regulating Enzymes in Diabetic Rats

This study examines whether the glucose regulating enzymes mediate hypoglycaemic effect of diallyl disulphide (DADS) since the biochemical mechanisms by which the latter regulates hepatic glucose-metabolizing enzymes remain unknown. Hepatic hexokinase, glucose-6-P-D and pyruvate kinase are the important glucose metabolising enzymes that control blood glucose homeostasis and considered to be potential targets for antidiabetic drugs. DADS is an important phytoconstituent of garlic (Allium sativum Linn.) which has been reported to possess hypoglycaemic effect. Diabetes was induced in rats by alloxan and the diabetic rats were given DADS for 30 days and the effect was compared with the standard hypoglycaemic drug metformin. The levels of blood glucose and insulin were measured using spectrophotometer and by ELISA method respectively. Activities of hepatic hexokinase, glucose-6-PD, and pyruvate kinase enzymes in hepatic tissues were measured in DADS and metformin treated diabetic rats. DADS significantly reduced the level of blood glucose and simultaneously augmented those of insulin, pyruvate kinase, hexokinase and glucose-6-PD enzyme activities almost similar to metformin. The hypoglycaemic effect of this compound may be explained, in part, by its inhibition of these enzyme activities and improved hepatic glucose utilization. This observation offers scope for new therapeutic approach in treating diabetes particularly in insulin- resistant cases

The Smokeless Tobacco Induced Effect on Biochemical Parameters Levels in Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus Subjects

ABSTRACT Diabetes mellitus is characterized by uncontrolled hyperglycemia, which leads to life threatening complication and may result from acute metabolic aberrations. Prevalence any kind current use of tobacco on average is 29.4% and 15.5% smoking and 13.9%smokeless.(ICMR prevalence survey data in Karnataka 2001) WHO 2011 report, 6 million people die every year is due to nicotine toxicity 2 . Hence research is planned to establish possible relation between the levels plasma Uric Acid, MDA, Amylase level with Lipid profile in (ST) tobacco user in type 2 diabetic subjects as compared with Non ST tobacco user Diabetic Subjects in Northern Karnataka Population with their Demographic life style of 62 diabetes patients and normal subjects attending BLDE University&apos;s Sri B.M.Patil Medical College Hospital for routine checkup. The results show significant alteration of lipid profile and uric acid levels (P&lt;0.001) tobacco user Diabetes and Free radical MDA generation P&gt;0.001 but not much alteration in serum Amylase. In this study positive correlation between Blood Glucose, serum MDA and Uric Acid levels indicating pre diabetic markers and early diabetic complication