Treatment of early favorable hodgkin lymphoma

Early favorable Hodgkin lymphoma is defined as Ann Arbor stage I and II Hodgkin lymphoma without clinical risk factors. Historically, early favorable Hodgkin lymphoma became highly curable with large radiotherapy fields but at the cost of high early and late toxicity resulting in reduced long-term survival. The successful introduction of multiagent chemotherapy in Hodgkin lymphoma made it possible to combine chemotherapy with radiotherapy in smaller doses and fields. Last decades, efforts have been made to find optimal chemotherapy treatment with limited cycles (2–3) of ABVD combined with limited dose (20–30 Gy) involved-field and involved-node radiotherapy. Most recently, trials investigating PET response-adapted treatment showed that a significant progression-free survival benefit can be achieved by intensification of treatment in case of interim PET positivity after 2–3 cycles of ABVD. On the other hand, omission of radiotherapy in case of a negative interim PET results in poorer progression-free survival of about 7–12% with similar overall survival. Long-term effects of omitting radiotherapy on secondary malignancies and cardiovascular outcomes need to be awaited. A case-by-case weighing of expected long-term risk of current radiotherapy regimens against the limited decrease in progression-free survival should be performed to choose treatment with best short- and long-term outcomes.</p

Communal roosting sites are potential ecological traps: experimental evidence in a Neotropical harvestman

Situations in which animals preferentially settle in low-quality habitat are referred to as ecological traps, and species that aggregate in response to conspecific cues, such as scentmarks, that persist after the animals leave the areamay be especially vulnerable. We tested this hypothesis on harvestmen (Prionostemma sp.) that roost communally in the rainforest understory. Based on evidence that these animals preferentially settle in sites marked with conspecific scent, we predicted that established aggregation sites would continue to attract new recruits even if the animals roosting there perished. To test this prediction, we simulated intense predation by repeatedly removing all individuals from 10 established roosts, and indeed, these sites continued to attract new harvestmen. A more likely reason for an established roost to become unsuitable is a loss of overstory canopy cover caused by treefalls. To investigate this scenario, without felling trees, we established 16 new communal roosts by translocating harvestmen into previously unused sites. Half the release sites were located in intact forest, and half were located in treefall gaps, but canopy cover had no significant effect on the recruitment rate. These results support the inference that communal roost sites are potential ecological traps for species that aggregate in response to conspecific scent

WIND-TUNNEL ASSAYS OF OLFACTORY RESPONSES OF FEMALE RHAGOLETIS-POMONELLA FLIES TO APPLE VOLATILES - EFFECT OF WIND-SPEED AND ODOR RELEASE RATE

99-10

WIND-TUNNEL ASSAYS OF OLFACTORY RESPONSES OF FEMALE RHAGOLETIS-POMONELLA FLIES TO APPLE VOLATILES - EFFECT OF WIND-SPEED AND ODOR RELEASE RATE

99-10