Efficacy of ovine artificial insemination at farm level in Tunisia

Les inséminations artificielles des brebis (n=3765) réalisées en contre-saison enregistrées durant 3 années successives chez les éleveurs privés ont été analysées afin de déterminer les facteurs influençant la réussite de l’insémination. Les brebis appartenaient à 13 éleveurs adhérant au programme de contrôle des performances de la Direction de l’Amélioration Génétique de l’Office de l’élevage et des Pâturages. Quatre races autochtones: Sicilo-Sarde (SS), Noire de Thibar (NT), Queue Fine de l’Ouest (QFO) et Barbarine tête noire (BTN) et tête rousse (BTR) ont fait l’objet de cette étude. Après avoir reçu un traitement de synchronisation des chaleurs, ces brebis ont subi une insémination cervicale avec du sperme frais ou refroidi à 15°C environ 55 ± 1 h après le retrait de l'éponge. Notre étude a montré que la fertilité des brebis inséminées en contre saison par la technique IA cervicale variait de 32 à 74 % avec une moyenne de 47,6 ± 9,9 %. L’utilisation de la semence refroidie a réduit significativement (p<0,01) le taux de réussite de l’IA avec 43,8 ± 7,6 % contre 55,9 % ± 9,6 % en utilisant la semence fraiche. Nos résultats ont montré la supériorité de la race SS par rapport aux races à viande Tunisienne. Un effet important de la conduite d’élevage a été décelé, montrant l’importance de la préparation des brebis avant le recours à l’IA. Mots clés : Brebis, Fertilité, Insémination cervicaleThe artificial inseminations of ewes (n = 3765) carried out during spring mating season recorded during 3 successive years at private farms were analyzed in order to determine the factors influencing the results of insemination. Ewes belonged to 13 privet breeders adhering to the program of ovine’s performances control of the Department of Genetic Improvement of the Livestock and Pasture Office, Tunisia. Four indigenous breeds: Sicilo-Sarde (SS), Noire de Thibar (NT), Queue Fine de l'Ouest (QFO) and black head (BTN) and red head (BTR) Barbarine were used. Ewes received an estrus synchronization treatment and AI was performed 55 ± 1hours after PMSG administration with fresh or chilled (at 15° C) semen. Our study showed that the fertility of ewes inseminated in out-of-season by the cervical IA technique varied from 32 to 74 % with an average of 47.6 ± 9.9 %. The use of chilled semen significantly (p <0.01) reduced the success rate of AI with 43.8 ± 7.6 % versus 55.9 % ± 9.6 % using the fresh semen. Our results showed the superiority of the SS breed over the Tunisian meat breeds. An important effect of breeding management was detected, showing the importance of preparing ewes before using AI. Keywords: Cervical insemination, Ewes, Fertilit

The effect of tobacco, XPC, ERCC2 and ERCC5 genetic variants in bladder cancer development

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>In this work, we have conducted a case-control study in order to assess the effect of tobacco and three genetic polymorphisms in <it>XPC, ERCC2 and ERCC5 </it>genes (rs2228001, rs13181 and rs17655) in bladder cancer development in Tunisia. We have also tried to evaluate whether these variants affect the bladder tumor stage and grade.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>The patients group was constituted of 193 newly diagnosed cases of bladder tumors. The controls group was constituted of non-related healthy subjects. The rs2228001, rs13181 and rs17655 polymorphisms were genotyped using a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Our data have reported that non smoker and light smoker patients (1-19PY) are protected against bladder cancer development. Moreover, light smokers have less risk for developing advanced tumors stage. When we investigated the effect of genetic polymorphisms in bladder cancer development we have found that ERCC2 and ERCC5 variants were not implicated in the bladder cancer occurrence. However, the mutated homozygous genotype for XPC gene was associated with 2.09-fold increased risk of developing bladder cancer compared to the control carrying the wild genotype (p = 0.03, OR = 2.09, CI 95% 1.09-3.99). Finally, we have found that the XPC, ERCC2 and ERCC5 variants don't affect the tumors stage and grade.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>These results suggest that the mutated homozygous genotype for XPC gene was associated with increased risk of developing bladder. However we have found no association between rs2228001, rs13181 and rs17655 polymorphisms and tumors stage and grade.</p

The effect of tobacco, XPC, ERCC2 and ERCC5 genetic variants in bladder cancer development.

BACKGROUND: In this work, we have conducted a case-control study in order to assess the effect of tobacco and three genetic polymorphisms in XPC, ERCC2 and ERCC5 genes (rs2228001, rs13181 and rs17655) in bladder cancer development in Tunisia. We have also tried to evaluate whether these variants affect the bladder tumor stage and grade. METHODS: The patients group was constituted of 193 newly diagnosed cases of bladder tumors. The controls group was constituted of non-related healthy subjects. The rs2228001, rs13181 and rs17655 polymorphisms were genotyped using a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique. RESULTS: Our data have reported that non smoker and light smoker patients (1-19PY) are protected against bladder cancer development. Moreover, light smokers have less risk for developing advanced tumors stage. When we investigated the effect of genetic polymorphisms in bladder cancer development we have found that ERCC2 and ERCC5 variants were not implicated in the bladder cancer occurrence. However, the mutated homozygous genotype for XPC gene was associated with 2.09-fold increased risk of developing bladder cancer compared to the control carrying the wild genotype (p = 0.03, OR = 2.09, CI 95% 1.09-3.99). Finally, we have found that the XPC, ERCC2 and ERCC5 variants don't affect the tumors stage and grade. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the mutated homozygous genotype for XPC gene was associated with increased risk of developing bladder. However we have found no association between rs2228001, rs13181 and rs17655 polymorphisms and tumors stage and grade