Chicken skeletal muscle-associated macroarray for gene discovery.

Projeto/Plano de Ação: 01.02.102.10-10

Avaliação do rendimento de raízes de diferentes genótipos de mandioca brava (Manihot esculenta, Crantz).

O potencial de capacidade de produção máximo de mandioca é estimado em condições ótimas, através de modelos matemáticos de crescimento, preveem que bons genótipos possam produzir até 90 t/ha/ano de raízes ou 30 t/ha/ano de matéria seca. As cascas constituem cerca de 20-35% do peso do tubérculo, especialmente no caso da má descamação (Obadina, 2006). Os teores de matéria seca nas raízes são altamente correlacionados com os teores de amido ou fécula, dependendo da variedade do local onde se cultiva, sua idade e época de colheita. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar o rendimento de polpa fresca, de amido total, massa seca de amido e umidade de 15 genótipos de mandioca brava (Manihot esculenta, Crantz), pertencente ao banco ativo de germoplasma (BAG) da Embrapa Amazônia Oriental localizada em Belém do Pará. A média percentual dos genótipos de mandioca para polpa fresca variou de (62,39% a 83,95%), do amido total extraído variou de (8,80% a 33,17%) e da massa seca do amido foi de (66,83% a 91,20%). Portanto, as caracterizações de os materiais genéticos auxiliarão ao programa de melhoramento genético da Embrapa Amazônia Oriental

Chloroquine Mediated Modulation of Anopheles gambiae Gene Expression

Plasmodium development in the mosquito is crucial for malaria transmission and depends on the parasite's interaction with a variety of cell types and specific mosquito factors that have both positive and negative effects on infection. Whereas the defensive response of the mosquito contributes to a decrease in parasite numbers during these stages, some components of the blood meal are known to favor infection, potentiating the risk of increased transmission. The presence of the antimalarial drug chloroquine in the mosquito's blood meal has been associated with an increase in Plasmodium infectivity for the mosquito, which is possibly caused by chloroquine interfering with the capacity of the mosquito to defend against the infection.In this study, we report a detailed survey of the Anopheles gambiae genes that are differentially regulated by the presence of chloroquine in the blood meal, using an A. gambiae cDNA microarray. The effect of chloroquine on transcript abundance was evaluated separately for non-infected and Plasmodium berghei-infected mosquitoes. Chloroquine was found to affect the abundance of transcripts that encode proteins involved in a variety of processes, including immunity, apoptosis, cytoskeleton and the response to oxidative stress. This pattern of differential gene expression may explain the weakened mosquito defense response which accounts for the increased infectivity observed in chloroquine-treated mosquitoes.The results of the present study suggest that chloroquine can interfere with several putative mosquito mechanisms of defense against Plasmodium at the level of gene expression and highlight the need for a better understanding of the impacts of antimalarial agents on parasite transmission