22,168 research outputs found
On the Determinants of Mortality Reductions in the Developing World
This paper presents and critically discusses a vast array of evidence on the determinants of mortality reductions in developing countries. We argue that increases in life expectancy between 1960 and 2000 were largely independent from improvements in income and nutrition. We then characterize the age and cause of death profile of changes in mortality and ask what can be learned about the determinants of these changes from the international evidence and from country-specific studies. Public health infrastructure, immunization, targeted programs, and the spread of less palpable forms of knowledge all seem to have been important factors. Much of the recent debate has revolved around antagonistic approaches, which are not supported by the evidence discussed here. Finally, the paper suggests that the evolution of health inequality across and within countries is intrinsically related to the process of diffusion of new technologies and to the nature of these new technologies (public or private).
Health and the Evolution of Welfare across Brazilian Municipalities
This paper describes the pattern of reductions in mortality across Brazilian municipalities between 1970 and 2000, and analyzes its causes and consequences. It shows that, as in the international context, the relationship between income and life expectancy has shifted consistently in the recent past. But reductions in mortality within Brazil have been more homogeneously distributed than across countries. We use a compensating differentials approach to estimate the value of the observed reductions in mortality. The results suggest that gains in life expectancy had a welfare value equivalent to 39% of the growth in income per capita, being therefore responsible for 28% of the overall improvement in welfare. We then use a dynamic panel to conduct a preliminary assessment of the potential determinants of these gains. We show that improvements in education, access to water, and sanitation seem to be important determinants of the dimension of changes in life expectancy not correlated with income.
Selective Games on Binary Relations
We present a unified approach, based on dominating families in binary
relations, for the study of topological properties defined in terms of
selection principles and the games associated to them.Comment: 28 page
Indestructibility of compact spaces
In this article we investigate which compact spaces remain compact under
countably closed forcing. We prove that, assuming the Continuum Hypothesis, the
natural generalizations to -sequences of the selection principle and
topological game versions of the Rothberger property are not equivalent, even
for compact spaces. We also show that Tall and Usuba's "-Borel
Conjecture" is equiconsistent with the existence of an inaccessible cardinal.Comment: 18 page
Lorentz-violating Yang-Mills theory: discussing the Chern-Simons-like term generation
We analyze the Chern-Simons-like term generation in the CPT-odd
Lorentz-violating Yang-Mills theory interacting with fermions. Moreover, we
study the anomalies of this model as well as its quantum stability. The whole
analysis is performed within the algebraic renormalization theory, which is
independent of the renormalization scheme. In addition, all results are valid
to all orders in perturbation theory. We find that the Chern-Simons-like term
is not generated by radiative corrections, just like its Abelian version.
Additionally, the model is also free of gauge anomalies and quantum stable.Comment: 16 pages. No figures. Final version to appear in the Eur.Phys.J.
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