Effect of temperature and surfactant on the control release of microencapsulated dye in lecithin liposomes. I

The objective of our work has been the microencapsulation of dyes with lecithin from soybean, with the formation of liposomes, as a substitute for synthetic auxiliaries so as to improve the quality of the effluent. Current scenarios promote the disintegration and leakage of the liposomes, such as, changes in temperature, pH and the use of surfactants. Since dyeing process is a mix of all these parameters, we pretended to study each one separately. Rhodamine 6G fluorescence is known to be concentration quenched through the formation of non-fluorescent dimmers and, additionally, through the energy transfer from rhodamine monomer to these dimmers (3). The temperature, the surfactant and pH induce a release of the encapsulated dye resulting in rhodamine dilution and consequently alterations in the dimerization/binding equilibrium. The experimental spectra indicate that rhodamine binds almost completely to liposomes. The decomposition of the rhodamine fluorescence spectra allowed us to determine the percentage of released dye during a simulated dyeing process, and allowed us to conclude that the dimerization process occurs mainly at the inner interfaces. The amount of dye released induced by temperature changes was greater in the presence of surfactant

Prospecção de moléculas de extratos vegetais do bioma cerrado para o controle de Colletotrichum gossypii var. cephalosporioides e Meloidogyne incognita.

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Infantile Refsum Disease: Influence of Dietary Treatment on Plasma Phytanic Acid Levels

Infantile Refsum disease (IRD) is one of the less severe of Zellweger spectrum disorders (ZSDs), a group of peroxisomal biogenesis disorders resulting from a generalized peroxisomal function impairment. Increased plasma levels of very long chain fatty acids (VLCFA) and phytanic acid are biomarkers used in IRD diagnosis. Furthermore, an increased plasma level of phytanic acid is known to be associated with neurologic damage. Treatment of IRD is symptomatic and multidisciplinary.The authors report a 3-year-old child, born from consanguineous parents, who presented with developmental delay, retinitis pigmentosa, sensorineural deafness and craniofacial dysmorphisms. While the relative level of plasma C26:0 was slightly increased, other VLCFA were normal. Thus, a detailed characterization of the phenotype was essential to point to a ZSD. Repeatedly increased levels of plasma VLCFA, along with phytanic acid and pristanic acid, deficient dihydroxyacetone phosphate acyltransferase activity in fibroblasts and identification of the homozygous pathogenic mutation c.2528G>A (p.Gly843Asp) in the PEX1 gene, confirmed this diagnosis. Nutritional advice and follow-up was proposed aiming phytanic acid dietary intake reduction. During dietary treatment, plasma levels of phytanic acid decreased to normal, and the patient's development evaluation showed slow progressive acquisition of new competences.This case report highlights the relevance of considering a ZSD in any child with developmental delay who manifests hearing and visual impairment and of performing a systematic biochemical investigation, when plasma VLCFA are mildly increased. During dietary intervention, a biochemical improvement was observed, and the long-term clinical effect of this approach needs to be evaluated.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Numerical optimization of a microchannel geometry for nanofluid flow and heat dissipation assessment

In this study, a numerical approach was carried out to analyze the effects of different geometries of microchannel heat sinks on the forced convective heat transfer in single-phase flow. The simulations were performed using the commercially available software COMSOLMultiphysics 5.6® (Burlington, MA, USA) and its results were compared with those obtained from experimental tests performed in microchannel heat sinks of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). Distilled water was used as the working fluid under the laminar fluid flow regime, with a maximum Reynolds number of 293. Three sets of geometries were investigated: rectangular, triangular and circular. The different configurations were characterized based on the flow orientation, type of collector and number of parallel channels. The main results show that the rectangular shaped collector was the one that led to a greater uniformity in the distribution of the heat transfer in the microchannels. Similar results were also obtained for the circular shape. For the triangular geometry, however, a disturbance in the jet impingement was observed, leading to the least uniformity. The increase in the number of channels also enhanced the uniformity of the flow distribution and, consequently, improved the heat transfer performance, which must be considered to optimize new microchannel heat sink designs. The achieved optimized design for a heat sink, with microchannels for nanofluid flow and a higher heat dissipation rate, comprised a rectangular collector with eight microchannels and vertical placement of the inlet and outlet.This work has been funded by Portuguese national funds of FCT/MCTES (PIDDAC) through base funding from the following research units: UIDB/00532/2020 (Transport Phenomena Research Center-CEFT), UIDB/04077/2020 (MEtRICs) and UIDP/04436/2020. The authors are also grateful for the funding of Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia-FCT through the projectsLISBOA-01-0145-FEDER-030171/NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-030171 (PTDC/EMESIS/30171/2017), funded by COMPETE2020, NORTE2020, PORTUGAL2020, and FEDER. The authors also acknowledge FCT for partially financing the research under the framework of the project JICAM/0003/2017. Finally, I. Gonçalves acknowledges FCT for supporting her PhD fellowship, ref.: 2020.08646.B

Genome-wide distribution of allele-specific expression in Nelore steers muscle.

The difference between the allelic expression of a gene is known as allele-specific expression (ASE), and it is a common event in mammal?s transcriptome. ASE is named genomic imprinting when guided by epigenetics mechanisms regarding the allele parental origin

Desafios do projeto transição produtiva e serviços ambientais na qualificação de políticas públicas voltadas ao setor rural.

Três medidas político-institucionais ocorridas no Brasil nas duas últimas décadas devem ser destacadas: (1) Lei 12.651/2012 (Novo Código Florestal), (2) Projeto de Lei (PL) 792/2007 (Serviços Ambientais) e (3) Lei 9.126/1995 (Taxa de Juros de Longo Prazo). Mas a falta de informações cientificamente validadas impede a operacionalização de incentivos econômicos para transição produtiva com pagamento de serviços ambientais. Nesse sentido, a Embrapa e entidades parceiras conceberam o Projeto Transição Produtiva e Serviços Ambientais, com o objetivo geral de "gerar e validar instrumentos e metodologias para apoiar políticas públicas de incentivo econômico a processos de transição produtiva de Sistemas Produtivos Integrados (SPIs) com capacidade de geração de renda e prestação de serviços ambientais em escala de paisagem rural". A fase I do projeto será executada entre 09/2013 e 09/2017, tendo como resultados esperados (1) validação científica de desenhos agronômicos de SPIs, (2) validação científica de coeficientes financeiros para potencializar adoção de SPIs via crédito rural, (3) validação científica de indicadores de serviços ambientais prestados e valoração de serviços ambientais por SPIs para viabilizar rebate ecológico no crédito rural e comercialização de produtos em mercados institucionais com preços diferenciados, (4) validação participativa de indicadores de serviços ambientais e de metodologia de certificação de serviços ambientais para atestar condicionalidades em políticas públicas e reduzir custos de transação do PSA, (5) análise comportamental sobre adoção de SPIs para subsidiar recomendações técnicas de TT e ATER e (6) disponibilização de banco de dados de acesso público

Co-expression network analysis identifies genes associated with iron content in bovine muscle.

Editores: Luiz Lehmann Coutinho, ESALQ/USP; Luciana Correia de Almeida Regitano, Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste; Gerson Barreto Mourão, ESALQ/USP; Aline Silva Mello Cesar, ESALQ/USP; Bárbara Silva Vignato, FZEA/USP; Mirele Daiana Poleti, ESALQ/USP; Wellison Jarles da Silva Diniz, UFSCar