Imaging findings in craniofacial childhood rhabdomyosarcoma

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the commonest paediatric soft-tissue sarcoma constituting 3–5% of all malignancies in childhood. RMS has a predilection for the head and neck area and tumours in this location account for 40% of all childhood RMS cases. In this review we address the clinical and imaging presentations of craniofacial RMS, discuss the most appropriate imaging techniques, present characteristic imaging features and offer an overview of differential diagnostic considerations. Post-treatment changes will be briefly addressed

Carcinomatous encephalitis as clinical presentation of occult lung adenocarcinoma: case report Encefalite carcinomatosa como apresentação inicial de adenocarcinoma de pulmão oculto: relato de caso

Carcinomatous encephalitis is a rare entity, originally described by Madow and Alpers in 1951, which is characterized by tumoral spreading perivascular, without mass effect. Clinical manifestations such as hemiparesis, seizures, ataxia, speech difficulties, cerebrospinal fluid findings as well as computed tomography are nonspecific. This leads the physician to pursue more frequent diseases that could explain those manifestations - toxic, metabolic, and/or infectious encephalopathy. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with gadolinium, the method of choice, presumes the diagnosis. Previous reports of this unusual form of metastatic disease have described patients with prior diagnosis of pulmonary adenocarcinoma. We present the case of carcinomatous encephalitis in a 76-years-old woman as the primary manifestation of occult pulmonary adenocarcinoma with its clinical, imaging, and anatomopathological findings.<br>A "encefalite" carcinomatosa é entidade rara, descrita originalmente por Madow e Alpers em 1951 e caracterizada pela disseminação tumoral perivascular, sem causar efeito de massa. As manifestações clínicas como hemiparesia, convulsões, ataxia, alterações de fala, os achados do líquido cefalorraquidiano e da tomografia computadorizada de crânio são inespecíficos, o que faz buscar outras causas mais freqüentes que justifiquem o quadro -encefalopatia tóxica, metabólica e/ou infecciosa. A ressonância magnética com gadolínio é o exame de eleição, frente à suspeita clínica. Todos os casos de "encefalite" carcinomatosa foram relatados em pacientes com diagnóstico prévio de adenocarcinoma de pulmão. Nesse sentido. Apresentamos caso de encefalite carcinomatosa, em mulher de 76 anos como manifestação primária de adenocarcinoma de pulmão oculto, com seus aspectos clínicos, de imagem e anatomopatológicos

Information-sharing and decision-making in networks of radiation detectors

A network of sensors observes a time-inhomo-geneous Poisson signal and within a fixed time interval has to decide between two hypotheses regarding the signal’s intensity. The paper reveals an interplay between network topology, essentially determining the quantity of information available to different sensors, and the quality of individual sensor information as captured by the sensor’s likelihood ratio. Armed with analytic expressions of bounds on the error probabilities associated with the binary hypothesis test regarding the intensity of the observed signal, the insight into the interplay between sensor communication and data quality helps in deciding which sensor is better positioned to make a decision on behalf of the network, and links the analysis to network centrality concepts. The analysis is illustrated on networked radiation detection examples, first in simulation and then on cases utilizing field measurement data available through a U.S. Domestic Nuclear Detection Office (dndo) database.by Indrajeet Yadav, Chetan D. Pahlajani,Herbert G. and TannerIoannis Poulakaki