Some boundary effects in quantum field theory

We have constructed a quantum field theory in a finite box, with periodic boundary conditions, using the hypothesis that particles living in a finite box are created and/or annihilated by the creation and/or annihilation operators, respectively, of a quantum harmonic oscillator on a circle. An expression for the effective coupling constant is obtained showing explicitly its dependence on the dimension of the box.Comment: 12 pages, Late

RDF/S)XML Linguistic Annotation of Semantic Web Pages

Although with the Semantic Web initiative much research on web pages semantic annotation has already done by AI researchers, linguistic text annotation, including the semantic one, was originally developed in Corpus Linguistics and its results have been somehow neglected by AI. ..

Construction of coherent states for physical algebraic systems

We construct a general state which is an eigenvector of the annihilation operator of the Generalized Heisenberg Algebra. We show for several systems, which are characterized by different energy spectra, that this general state satisfies the minimal set of conditions required to obtain Klauder's minimal coherent states.Comment: 15 pages, 3 figure

Primary Intraosseous Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Mandible: a Case with Atypical Imaging Features

Primary intraosseous squamous cell carcinoma is a rare malignant tumour that exclusively arises within the jaws. Its diagnosis requires an appropriate clinical, imaging and histological correlation. The exclusion of primary oral mucosa lesions and metastatic disease is mandatory. We report an atypical imaging appearance of this uncommon entity, characterized by new bone formation and periosteal reaction that resemble sarcomatous or malignant odontogenic tumours. A comprehensive discussion on the embryological principles of primary intraosseous squamous cell carcinoma is also provided.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Effect of phonon scattering by surface roughness on the universal thermal conductance

The effect of phonon scattering by surface roughness on the thermal conductance in mesoscopic systems at low temperatures is calculated using full elasticity theory. The low frequency behavior of the scattering shows novel power law dependences arising from the unusual properties of the elastic modes. This leads to new predictions for the low temperature depression of the thermal conductance below the ideal universal value. Comparison with the data of Schwab et al. [Nature 404, 974 (2000)] suggests that surface roughness on a scale of the width of the thermal pathway is important in the experiment.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figure

Insulin and IGF-1 improve mitochondrial function in a PI-3K/Akt-dependent manner and reduce mitochondrial generation of reactive oxygen species in Huntington’s disease knock-in striatal cells

Akt, protein kinase B; ARE, antioxidant response element; Erk, extracellular signal-regulated kinase; CBP, CREB-binding protein; CREB, cAMP response-element (CRE) binding protein; CDK, cyclin-dependent kinase; DHE, dihydroethidium; Drp1, dynamin-related protein 1 or dynamin 1-like (DNM1L); GCL, glutamate-cysteine ligase; GCLc, glutamate-cysteine catalytic subunit; GPx, glutathione peroxidase; GSH, glutathione, reduced form; GSSG, glutathione oxidized form; IGF-1, Insulin-like growth factor 1; IGF1R, insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor; IR, insulin receptor; IRS, insulin receptor substrate; H2DCFDA, 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate; HKII, hexokinase type II; HD, Huntington’s disease; HO-1, heme oxygenase; Hsp60, heat shock 60 kDa protein 1 (chaperonin); mHtt, mutant huntingtin; mtDNA, mitochondrial DNA; MT-COII, mitochondrial-encoded cytochrome c oxidase II; mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin; NDUFS3, NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) Fe–S protein 3, 30 kDa (NADH-coenzyme Q reductase); NQO1, NAD(P)H dehydrogenase [quinone] 1; Nrf2, nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2; PI-3K, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; PGC-1α, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1α; ROS, reactive oxygen species; SDHA, succinate dehydrogenase complex, subunit A, flavoprotein (Fp); SOD, superoxide dismutase; Tfam, transcription factor A, mitochondrial; TMRM, tetramethylrhodamine methyl ester; Tom20, translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 20 homolog (yeast); Tom40, translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 40 homolog (yeast)

Exact solution for the energy density inside a one-dimensional non-static cavity with an arbitrary initial field state

We study the exact solution for the energy density of a real massless scalar field in a two-dimensional spacetime, inside a non-static cavity with an arbitrary initial field state, taking into account the Neumann and Dirichlet boundary conditions. This work generalizes the exact solution proposed by Cole and Schieve in the context of the Dirichlet boundary condition and vacuum as the initial state. We investigate diagonal states, examining the vacuum and thermal field as particular cases. We also study non-diagonal initial field states, taking as examples the coherent and Schrodinger cat states.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figure