Causal Analysis of a Migration of the Snout Butterfly, Libytheana bachmanii Iarvata (Strecker) (Libytheidae)

Observation of a massive migration of the snout butterfly, Libytheana bachmanii larvata (Strecker), in central Texas in 1971 is described. An association of peak migration periods and periodic precipitation episodes is believed to be causal in nature.Waller Creek Working Grou

Resolving Civilian-Police Complaints in New York City: Reflections on Mediation in the Real World

The Civilian Complaint Review Board mediation program associated with the New York City Police Department appears to be an attractive alternative to the investigative process offered to complainants, offering the possibility of a higher level of satisfaction for both the civilian and the police officer. According to the scheme devised by the agency and the NYPD, cases that meet mediation guidelines should move smoothly from investigations through the approval process, coming to a scheduled mediation in a timely manner. Complaints containing some factor making them inappropriate for mediation should be able to be identified during that approval process, thus ensuring that the cases that actually make it to the mediation table have a good chance of resolving successfully. In reality, the mediation process does have some features that work extremely well, but has other components that do not. And, the expectations of the entities with a stake in the mediation process have the abilities to enhance or weaken the program. Like a chemical reaction in equilibrium, the degree to which the mediation process appears to be working well or poorly is influenced by any changes that occur to the reactants, the parties, management, and staff of the CCRB, and the board itself - and the environment where it takes place

Inventory of the Decapod Crustaceans (Crayfishes and Shrimps) of Arkansas with a Discussion of Their Habitats

The freshwater decapod crustaceans of Arkansas presently consist of two species of shrimps and 51 taxa of crayfishes divided into 47 species and four subspecies. The shrimps are represented by Macrobranchium ohione and Palaemonetes kadiakensis. The crayfish fauna is the largest of any state west of the Mississippi River reflecting the variety of habitats within Arkansas as a result of the geologic diversity in the state. The Ozark Plateaus and Ouachita provinces are dominated by the genus Orconectes, while in the Gulf Coastal Plain Procambarus is the most conspicuous group. Other crayfish stocks present include Cambarus, found predominantly in the Ozark Plateaus province, and Bouchardina, Cambarellus, Fallicambarus, and Faxonella which are largely restricted to the Coastal Plain. The crayfishes and shrimps live in a broad array of epigean lotic and lentic habitats. In addition, a troglobitic crayfish occupies limestone solution channels, and burrowing crayfishes inhabit the subsurface water table. General discussions of the taxonomy and geographic distributions of the genera are presented, including brief descriptions of habitats in Arkansas that are utilized by freshwater decapods. Only the conservation of a single species, the troglobitic crayfish Cambarus zophonastes, is of concern in the state

FUNDING THE RESEARCH FOR THE EXPANDING ROLE OF THE FOOD DISTRIBUTION INDUSTRY

The keynoter discusses the funding process for government sponsored food distribution research and points out favorable and unfavorable factors affecting the future of research in this area. Recommendations to strengthen future efforts are also made.Marketing,