Adénome Pléomorphe Géant De La Glande Submandibulaire : A Propos D’un Cas

Cet article présente le cas d'une patiente de 60 ans présentant une volumineuse tuméfaction latéro-cervicale droite, suspectée d'être un adénome pléomorphe de la glande submandibulaire. La patiente avait consulté après 15 ans d'évolution de la tumeur, principalement en raison de la difformité esthétique et des retombées psychosociales. Malgré des tentatives de traitement traditionnel sans succès, la patiente a finalement été opérée par submandibulectomie droite. L'examen histologique a confirmé le diagnostic d'adénome pléomorphe sans signe de malignité, et aucune récidive n'a été observée après 6 mois de suivi.L'article discute également des caractéristiques cliniques, de l'imagerie diagnostique, du traitement chirurgical et des considérations postopératoires de l'adénome pléomorphe. Bien que classée comme une tumeur bénigne, l'adénome pléomorphe peut se récidiver et même se transformer en tumeur maligne au fil du temps. Les facteurs socio-économiques peuvent retarder la consultation et le traitement approprié de cette condition. La surveillance post-opératoire est donc recommandée pour détecter les récidives éventuelles et le risque de dégénérescence maligne

Human Bite Facial Wounds Observed At The University Hospital Center Antanambao Toliara Madagascar

Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the epidemiological and anatomo-clinical aspects of human bite facial wounds seen at the University Hospital Center Antanambao Toliara Madagascar.Method: This was a 03 years retrospective descriptive study, from January 2018 to December 2020. Patients with facial wounds caused by third-party bites were included.Results: We identified 14 patients including 10 men (71.43%) and 04 women (28.57%), giving a sex ratio of 2.5. The mean age of our patients was 31.14 years. The victims of the bite come from a variety of socio-professional backgrounds. Nine patients lived in rural areas and 05 in urban areas. The bites were inflicted by males in 64.29% of cases. The bite occurred between man and man in 09 cases; woman and woman in 04 cases, and one man was bitten by his wife. The bite occurred during a fight under the influence of alcohol in 10 patients; during a social conflict in 03 patients and a marital conflict in one patient. Eight patients (57.14%) consulted in the first six hours after the accident. The lower lip (50%) was the most frequent site of injury, followed by the ear (21.43%). In 71.43% of cases, these were wounds with loss of substance. Treatment was medico-surgical.Conclusion : Human bites are a rare cause of facial injuries in our practice. The resulting injuries are often immediately serious and deserve great attention

Scale down of a mixer: validation of a numerical model and investigation of the droplet size distribution

International audienceNumerical models of mixers involving an emulsion are known to be sensitive to scaling effects, especially when it comes to downscaling (Haringa & al 2018). Models that were valid on a larger scale then no longer correctly reproduce the preponderant wall effects. This phenomenon gets worse when the operating conditions of the mixer do not correspond to a fully turbulent flow but are characterized by intermediate or even low Reynolds numbers.The work presented here is part of an optimization process of miniaturized mixers and is articulated in two stages. The first one aims at validating a numerical model able to reproduce the flow at two different scales, an intermediate one (8L mixer) and a reduced one (8ml mixer) for operating conditions corresponding to moderate or low Reynolds numbers. The second stage consists in a study of the emulsion produced in both scales under a power density similarity to extract distributions of drop size required by later validation of population balance model.The work was carried out on laboratory mixers of cubic section with transparent faces and agitated by a Rushton turbine. A characterization of the flows was carried out by PIV and 3D tracking of particles ("Shake the box") to allow a comparison with the numerical results of CFD. Simulations were carried out using Openfoam with RANS turbulence models and large eddy simulation. The emulsions were experimentally characterized by image processing.Comparisons between experimental measurements and numerical results have shown that while RANS models are sufficient to retrieve the correct velocity profiles, they fail to predict turbulence profiles. On the contrary, large eddy simulation (LES) predicts the turbulence profiles in a satisfactory way. The similarity of the power density was chosen to keep the same droplet size distributions of the emulsions in each mixer scale (Srilatha 2010). Emulsions image processing show that these are globally well preserved despite the downscaling

Modeling of a centrifuge device and validation of the efficiency estimate by comparison with experimental data

International audienceIn the nuclear industry and specifically in the context of nuclear spent fuel reprocessing, the function of a centrifuge is to stop the particles that were not dissolved by the nitric dissolution step. Those particles are not desirable in the liquid-liquid extraction devices responsible for recovering the noble materials. The high level of radioactivity of the involved materials usually makes impossible the basic measurements required for a better knowledge and optimization of the devices.In this context, the laboratory of chemical engineering and instrumentation of CEA Marcoule undertook a numerical modelling of centrifuges supported by experimental studies. Data acquisitions were performed on a CEPA LS laboratory scale centrifuge produced by the CEPA Company.Experimental studies gave access to the efficiency of the apparatus under operating conditions ranging from industrial conditions to so-called degraded conditions. Two types of powder were used for this study TiO$_2$ powders representative of the insoluble particles of the industrial process and a PMMA powder selected for its ease of measurement by standard laser granulometers.The numerical model, implemented in OpenFoam, handles three-phase-flows involving gas, water and particles. It is based on the combination of a Volume Of Fluid (VOF) solver with a lagrangian particle tracking solver using the Multi-Phase-Particle-In-Cell (MPPIC) method. The bowl rotation was modelled by the Multi-Reference-Frames2 (MRF) method.Comparison of the calculations with the experimental data validates the model for TiO$_2$ particle diameters greater than 0.5 $\mu$ for centrifugal accelerations ranging from 600 to 2000g and feed rates ranging from 21 to 42L/h. Below these sizes, the numerical model underestimates the efficiency of the laboratory centrifuge. Regarding the PMMA powder, the model showed the same trends as the experimental observations which indicated a poor efficiency of the centrifuge even at 2000g. The numerical model has been validated under operating conditions comparable to industrial conditions and can now be used as a tool to assist the industrial centrifuge management

Modeling of a centrifuge device and its validation by comparison with experimental data of the efficiency estimates

International audienceIn the nuclear industry and specifically in the context of nuclear spent fuel reprocessing, the function of a centrifuge is to stop the particles that were not dissolved by the nitric dissolution step. Those particles are not desirable in the liquid-liquid extraction devices responsible for recovering the noble materials. The high level of radioactivity of the involved materials usually makes impossible the basic measurements required for a better knowledge and optimization of the devices.In this context, the laboratory of chemical engineering and instrumentation of CEA Marcoule undertook a numerical modelling of centrifuges supported by experimental studies. Data acquisitions were performed on a CEPA LS laboratory scale centrifuge produced by the CEPA Company.Experimental studies gave access to the efficiency of the apparatus under operating conditions ranging from industrial conditions to so-called degraded conditions. Two types of powder were used for this study TiO2 powders representative of the insoluble particles of the industrial process and a PMMA powder selected for its ease of measurement by standard laser granulometers.The numerical model, implemented in OpenFoam, handles three-phase-flows involving gas, water and particles. It is based on the combination of a Volume Of Fluid3 (VOF) solver with a lagrangian particle tracking solver using the Multi-Phase-Particle-In-Cell1 (MPPIC) method. The bowl rotation was modelled by the Multi-Reference-Frames2 (MRF) method.Comparison of the calculations with the experimental data validates the model for TiO2 particle diameters greater than 0.5 and#956;m for centrifugal accelerations ranging from 600 to 2000g and feed rates ranging from 21 to 42L/h. Below these sizes, the numerical model underestimates the efficiency of the laboratory centrifuge. Regarding the PMMA powder, the model showed the same trends as the experimental observations which indicated a poor efficiency of the centrifuge even at 2000g.The numerical model has been validated under operating conditions comparable to industrial conditions and can now be used as a tool to assist the industrial centrifuge management

Relevance of CFD in the development of separation processes

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New roadmap for the design and optimization of chemical engineering equipment for the reprocessing of nuclear fuel an increased contribution of CFD.

International audienc

Relevance of CFD in the development of separation processes

International audienc