2,603 research outputs found
Discovering mirror particles at the Large Hadron Collider and the implied cold universe
The Mirror Matter or Exact Parity Model sees every standard particle,
including the physical neutral Higgs boson, paired with a parity partner. The
unbroken parity symmetry forces the mass eigenstate Higgs bosons to be maximal
mixtures of the ordinary and mirror Higgs bosons. Each of these mass
eigenstates will therefore decay 50% of the time into invisible mirror
particles, providing a clear and interesting signature for the Large Hadron
Collider (LHC) which could thus establish the existence of the mirror world.
However, for this effect to be observable the mass difference between the two
eigenstates must be sufficiently large. In this paper, we study cosmological
constraints from Big Bang Nucleosynthesis on the mass difference parameter. We
find that the temperature of the radiation dominated (RD) phase of the universe
should never have exceeded a few 10's of GeV if the mass difference is to be
observable at the LHC. Chaotic inflation with very inefficient reheating
provides an example of how such a cosmology could arise. We conclude that the
LHC could thus discover the mirror world and simultaneously establish an upper
bound on the temperature of the RD phase of the universe.Comment: 8pages including 1 figure, RevTeX; minor changes and added
references; this version accepted by Phys Lett
The Association of Compact Groups of Galaxies with Large-scale Structures
We use various samples of compact groups (CGs) to examine the types of
association CGs have with rich and poor clusters of galaxies at low (z~0.04)
and intermediate (z~0.1) redshifts. We find that ~10-20 % of CGs are associated
with rich clusters and a much larger fraction with poorer clusters or loose
groups. Considering the incompleteness of catalogs of poorer systems at
intermediate redshift, our result is consistent with all CGs at intermediate
redshift being associated with larger-scale systems. The richness of the
clusters associated with CGs significantly increases from z~0.04 to z~0.1,
while their Bautz-Morgan type changes from early to late type for the same
range in z. Neither trend is compatible with a selection effect in the cluster
catalogs used. We find earlier morphological types of galaxies to be more
frequent in CGs associated with larger-scale structures, compared to those in
CGs not associated to such structures. We consider this as new evidence that
CGs are part of the large-scale structure formation process and that they may
play an important role in the evolution of galaxies in these structures.Comment: 5 pages, no figures, Proc. ESO Workshop "Groups of galaxies in the
nearby Universe", Santiago, Chile, 5-9 Dec. 2005, ESO Astrophysics Symposia,
eds. I. Saviane, V. Ivanov & J. Borissova, Springer-Verlag; very minor
revision of text on 15 Mar 2006, added one referenc
Economics of Managing Invasive Species in Tropical and Sub-Tropical Areas of the U.S.A.: Case Study Development
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy,
On the Convergence of Fuzzy Sets and the Completeness of the Space of Fuzzy Sets
AbstractIn this article, we first introduce several convergence concepts of fuzzy sets. Then we construct an embedding of the space of fuzzy sets in a normed linear space. We prove that the space of fuzzy sets is a complete metric space under the embedding. This framework enables us to study the calculus of fuzzy functions
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