Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Facing of inconel 718 using alumina based ceramics and PVD-TIALN coated carbide tools - A comparison

Transactions of the North American Manufacturing Research Institution of SME31161-16

High speed facing of age hardened Inconel 718 using silicon carbide whisker reinforced ceramic tools

Technical Paper - Society of Manufacturing Engineers. MRMR02-1971-8TPMR

Surface Finish and Residual Stresses in Facing of Age Hardened INCONEL 718

Materials Science Forum437-438503-506MSFO

Performance of CBN cutting tools in facing of age hardened inconel 718

Transactions of the North American Manufacturing Research Institute of SME32525-53

Residual stress and surface roughness when facing age hardened Inconel 718 with CBN and ceramic cutting tools

10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2004.02.016International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture449879-887IMTM

Surface integrity when machining age hardened Inconel 718 with coated carbide cutting tools

10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2004.05.005International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture44141481-1491IMTM

Comparison of surface roughness and residual stresses induced by coated carbide, ceramic and CBN cutting tools in high speed facing of Inconel 718

Transactions of the North American Manufacturing Research Institute of SME3487-9

A Model to Simulate Web Users' Eye Movements

14 pagesInternational audienceOne of the most important tasks on the Web is foraging information. In this study, we present a computational model which simulates human eye movements during information seeking in Web pages. Human visual scanpaths are guided by their information needs, by the visual features of the stimuli and by what they previously processed. Our model takes into account both semantic (top-down) and visual (bottom-up) information, as well as a memory model in order to predict the focus of attention. Our model operates at the block level, but also at the word level. To validate this model, both participants and model were asked to seek information in a pseudo online newspaper. We find good correspondence between simulated and empirically observed scanpaths. Knowing where the user is looking at while searching for information is crucial for evaluating the usability of Web sites and contribute to the design of Web pages