Performance Analysis of Disaster Management Using WSN Technology

AbstractIn this research paper we propose a model of Wireless Sensor Networksused for pre-detection of disasters. Here we have discussed the basic architecture of WSNs and how these can be used in disaster management. The major reasons for mass destruction are Earthquake and Tsunami. Millions of lives are lost owing to these. Disaster, be it natural or man-made has a catastrophic impact on lives, money and infrastructure. We do not have a sensitive system yet which provides pre detection of these calamities. Therefore we need to take serious measures to ensure our safety from these disasters. WSNs are a new technology which can be helpful in these situations. The paper also throws light on the future scope of the topic. The information derived can be stored and used for future reference to predict climate of the area at a particular time period

Natural nitrification inhibitors for higher nitrogen use efficiency, crop yield, and for curtailing global warming

Nitrification inhibitors selectively inhibit microbial enzymes responsible for the conversion of NH4+ to NO3-. Arresting nitrification could be a key strategy to improve nitrogen (N) recovery and agronomic N use efficiency in situations where the loss of N is significant. Although chemicals known to inhibit nitrifiers have been tested, many of these are still at the experimental level; high cost, limited availability, adverse influence on beneficial soil microorganisms, and above all, poor extension and promotional activities are major constraints in this respect. It is therefore necessary to develop plant-based nitrification inhibitors (natural nitrification inhibitors, NNI) for augmenting nitrogen use efficiency, crop productivity, and for safeguarding the environment. The advantages of NNI are that they are easily available, cheap, and eco-friendly. This paper briefly reviews the different aspects of plant-based nitrification retarder

Integrated weed management of medicinal plants in India

The present as well as future need is to diversify the agro-ecosystem and to minimize or overcome the bad effects of global warming and climate change. Medicinal plants survive very well in the current scheme of crop diversification in various types of agro-climatic conditions of India. Agronomists are posed with challenge of scientifically fitting most suitable medicinal plants in different ago-climatic regions. Among the losses caused by different pests in the agriculture, the weeds account for about 45% and it may be more or less equal in the case of medicinal plants. Integrated weed management increases the factor productivity, income of the farmer, quality of produce and is eco-friendly in nature. By taking examples of two important medicinal plants viz. Satawar (Asparagus racemosus Willd.) and Kalmegh (Andrographis paniculata Nees.), the present review discusses the different methods of weed management and how they may be integrated to develop new paradigm as an integrated weed management

A Unified Algebraic Approach to Few and Many-Body Correlated Systems

The present article is an extended version of the paper {\it Phys. Rev.} {\bf B 59}, R2490 (1999), where, we have established the equivalence of the Calogero-Sutherland model to decoupled oscillators. Here, we first employ the same approach for finding the eigenstates of a large class of Hamiltonians, dealing with correlated systems. A number of few and many-body interacting models are studied and the relationship between their respective Hilbert spaces, with that of oscillators, is found. This connection is then used to obtain the spectrum generating algebras for these systems and make an algebraic statement about correlated systems. The procedure to generate new solvable interacting models is outlined. We then point out the inadequacies of the present technique and make use of a novel method for solving linear differential equations to diagonalize the Sutherland model and establish a precise connection between this correlated system's wave functions, with those of the free particles on a circle. In the process, we obtain a new expression for the Jack polynomials. In two dimensions, we analyze the Hamiltonian having Laughlin wave function as the ground-state and point out the natural emergence of the underlying linear $W_{1+\infty}$ symmetry in this approach.Comment: 18 pages, Revtex format, To appear in Physical Review

Search for Tensor, Vector, and Scalar Polarizations in the Stochastic Gravitational-Wave Background

The detection of gravitational waves with Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo has enabled novel tests of general relativity, including direct study of the polarization of gravitational waves. While general relativity allows for only two tensor gravitational-wave polarizations, general metric theories can additionally predict two vector and two scalar polarizations. The polarization of gravitational waves is encoded in the spectral shape of the stochastic gravitational-wave background, formed by the superposition of cosmological and individually unresolved astrophysical sources. Using data recorded by Advanced LIGO during its first observing run, we search for a stochastic background of generically polarized gravitational waves. We find no evidence for a background of any polarization, and place the first direct bounds on the contributions of vector and scalar polarizations to the stochastic background. Under log-uniform priors for the energy in each polarization, we limit the energy densities of tensor, vector, and scalar modes at 95% credibility to Ω0T<5.58×10-8, Ω0V<6.35×10-8, and Ω0S<1.08×10-7 at a reference frequency f0=25 Hz. © 2018 American Physical Society

On the progenitor of binary neutron star merger GW170817

On 2017 August 17 the merger of two compact objects with masses consistent with two neutron stars was discovered through gravitational-wave (GW170817), gamma-ray (GRB 170817A), and optical (SSS17a/AT 2017gfo) observations. The optical source was associated with the early-type galaxy NGC 4993 at a distance of just ∼40 Mpc, consistent with the gravitational-wave measurement, and the merger was localized to be at a projected distance of ∼2 kpc away from the galaxy's center. We use this minimal set of facts and the mass posteriors of the two neutron stars to derive the first constraints on the progenitor of GW170817 at the time of the second supernova (SN). We generate simulated progenitor populations and follow the three-dimensional kinematic evolution from binary neutron star (BNS) birth to the merger time, accounting for pre-SN galactic motion, for considerably different input distributions of the progenitor mass, pre-SN semimajor axis, and SN-kick velocity. Though not considerably tight, we find these constraints to be comparable to those for Galactic BNS progenitors. The derived constraints are very strongly influenced by the requirement of keeping the binary bound after the second SN and having the merger occur relatively close to the center of the galaxy. These constraints are insensitive to the galaxy's star formation history, provided the stellar populations are older than 1 Gyr

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Paper presented on Nutritional security at AIIMS, Jodhpur on 7th March 2015.Not AvailableNot Availabl

The mercury(II) catalyzed ligand exchange reaction between hexacyanoferrate(II) and pyrazine in aqueous medium

The kinetic and mechanistic studies of HgII catalyzed exchange of coordinated cyanide in hexacyanoferrate(II) by pyrazine (Pz) were monitored by following the appearance of the yellow complex [Fe(CN)5Pz]3− at 440 nm corresponding to metal ligand charge transfer (MLCT) transitions at temp=25.0±0.1 °C, pH=2.5±0.02 and ionic strength, I=0.1 M (KNO3). The effect of pH, ionic strength and the concentrations of [Fe(CN)6]4− and Pz on the rate of reaction were also studied and explained. To investigate the dependency of catalytic activity of HgII, the initial rates were determined at several concentrations of HgII, keeping the concentration of other reactants constant. The kinetic observations suggest that the substitution follows an interchange dissociative (Id) mechanism and proceeds via formation of a solvent-bound intermediate. The repetitive spectral scan is also provided as evidence for the exchange of cyanide ions by pyrazine in [Fe(CN)6]4−. Activation parameters have also been evaluated and provided support for the proposed mechanistic scheme