14 research outputs found
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Toxic organic compounds from energy production. Final technical report, March 1, 1987--November 30, 1995
The research supported by this grant has focused on the identification of toxic organic compounds associated with various combustion processes, the elucidation of the fates of these compounds in the environment, and the development of analytical methodology for making these measurements. Studies of the atmospheric transport and fate of combustion generated compounds and research on fundamental mass spectrometry have been major areas of emphasis. These projects are all responsive to the DOE`s interest in the pathways and mechanisms by which energy related agents move through and are modified by the atmosphere and on new and more sensitive technologies for chemical measurements. Over the years, this grant supported the training of about 20 graduate students and post-doctoral associates, many of whom are now doing environmental chemistry research in industrial or governmental laboratories
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Toxic organic compounds from energy production
The US Department of Energy's Office of Health and Environmental Research (OHER) has supported work in our laboratory since 1977. The general theme of this program has been the identification of potentially toxic organic compounds associated with various combustion effluents, following the fates of these compounds in the environment, and improving the analytical methodology for making these measurements. The projects currently investigation include: an improved sampler for semi-volatile compounds in the atmosphere; the wet and dry deposition of dioxins and furans from the atmosphere; the photodegradation and mobile sources of dioxins and furans; and the bioaccumulation of PAH by tree bark. These projects are all responsive to OHER's interest in the pathways and mechanisms by which energy-related agents move through and are modified by the atmosphere''. The projects on gas chromatographic and liquid chromatographic tandem mass spectrometry are both responsive to OHER's interest in new and more sensitive technologies for chemical measurements''. 35 refs., 9 figs
Transformations of pesticides in the atmosphere: A state of the art
The current knowledge about transformation rates and products of pesticides in the atmosphere is reviewed. Reactive species and their concentrations in the atmosphere are presented. Reactions of pesticides with these species (including photolysis) in the gas and the particulate phase are evaluated from available experimental data. The potential of estimation methods is discussed. Experimental techniques for laboratory and outdoor measurements are reviewed. Finally, an estimation is made of uncertainties in atmospheric lifetimes due to chemical or physical reactions. It is concluded that the most important transformation of pesticides in the atmosphere is due to reaction with OH radicals. Very few experimental data for pesticides are available though. The levels of uncertainty in OH radical concentrations are acceptable, however, for a proper estimation of atmospheric removal rates due to reactions with OH radicals of those pesticides for which experimental transformation rates (of homologues) are available