Towards experiments with polarized beams and targets at the GSI/FAIR storage rings

The exploitation of polarization degrees of freedom of hadron beams and/or targets offers a wealthof observables that are not accessible with unpolarized particles. These observables can be usedto test the conservation or violation of fundamental symmetries like parity, charge conjugation,time reversal or combinations thereof.This paper describes some of the physics that can be pursued with polarized hadron beams orpolarized targets using the CRYRING and the Experimental Storage Ring (ESR) at GSI/FAIR inDarmstadt after the completion of the experimental program with the Cooler Synchrotron COSYat Forschungszentrum Jülich

Status of the KASCADE-Grande experiment SUPPLEMENTS www.clsevier.com/locatc/npc

The status and capabilities of the KASCADEGrande extensive air shower experiment are presented. The installation is located at Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe and comprises a large collecting area (0.5 km2) electro-magnetic array (Grande) operated jointly with the existing KASCADE detectors. KASCADEGrande will cover the primary energy range 1016 eV < EO < 10 ” eV overlapping with KASCADE around lOI eV, thus providing continuous information on the primary energy and mass of cosmic rays from 3 * lOI eV up to 10 ” eV. The major goal of the measurements is the unambiguous observation of the“iron knee ” expected in the cosmic ray spectrum at ELe z 1017 eV. 1

www.elsevier.tiocate/npe Towards the Energy Spectrum and Composition of Primary Cosmic Rays in the Knee Region: Methods and Results at KASCADE

KASCADE (KArlsruhe Shower Core and Array DEtector) is a multi-detector setup to observe the electro-magnetic, muonic and hadronic air shower components simultaneously at primary energies in the region of the “knee”. A large number of observables per single shower are registered. The main aims of the experiment are the determination of the primary energy spectrum around the “knee ” and the energy variation of the chemical composition. The measurements reveal an increasing mean mass of the primary cosmic rays above the observed kink, and a sharper knee for the light primary component than for the all-particle spectrum, and the absence of a knee for the heavy component between 1 and 10 PeV. 1