The practices of apartheid as a war crime: a critical analysis

The human suffering caused by the political ideology of apartheid in South Africa during the Apartheid era (1948-1994) prompted worldwide condemnation and a variety of diplomatic and legal responses. Amongst these responses was the attempt to have apartheid recognised both as a crime against humanity in the 1973 Apartheid Convention as well as a war crime in Article 85(4)(c) of Additional Protocol I. This article examines the origins, nature and current status of the practices of apartheid as a war crime and its possible application to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict

The effect of fequency tolerance on audiometer accuracy

CITATION: Guelke, R. W., Floyd, J. D. & Van Zyl, F. J. The effect of fequency tolerance on audiometer accuracy. South African Medical Journal, 52(24):973-977.The original publication is available at http://www.samj.org.zaInvestigations into the methods used to calibrate audiometers reveal that the 6000 Hz frequency is particularly liable to yield inconsistent results when calibrated in the usual way. It is shown that the TDH39 telephone receiver which is usually calibrated on a 9A coupler in accordance with the International Standards Organization recommendation R389 will depend to a considerable extent on the precise frequency used and may differ by as much as 7 db when the frequency is varied but still retained within the specified tolerance limits. A new telephone receiver, the TDH50, is much less sensitive to frequency variation. It is shown that this receiver should be calibrated with the same threshold figures as the TDH39.Publisher’s versio