Canonical Transformations in a Higher-Derivative Field Theory

It has been suggested that the chiral symmetry can be implemented only in classical Lagrangians containing higher covariant derivatives of odd order. Contrary to this belief, it is shown that one can construct an exactly soluble two-dimensional higher-derivative fermionic quantum field theory containing only derivatives of even order whose classical Lagrangian exhibits chiral-gauge invariance. The original field solution is expressed in terms of usual Dirac spinors through a canonical transformation, whose generating function allows the determination of the new Hamiltonian. It is emphasized that the original and transformed Hamiltonians are different because the mapping from the old to the new canonical variables depends explicitly on time. The violation of cluster decomposition is discussed and the general Wightman functions satisfying the positive-definiteness condition are obtained.Comment: 12 pages, LaTe

Hilbert Space of Isomorphic Representations of Bosonized Chiral QCD2QCD_2

We analyse the Hilbert space structure of the isomorphic gauge non-invariant and gauge invariant bosonized formulations of chiral $QCD_2$ for the particular case of the Jackiw-Rajaraman parameter $a = 2$. The BRST subsidiary conditions are found not to provide a sufficient criterium for defining physical states in the Hilbert space and additional superselection rules must to be taken into account. We examine the effect of the use of a redundant field algebra in deriving basic properties of the model. We also discuss the constraint structure of the gauge invariant formulation and show that the only primary constraints are of first class.Comment: LaTeX, 19 page

Boas práticas de produção de suínos.

bitstream/item/57842/1/CUsersPiazzonDocumentsCIT-50.pdfColaboradores: Cátia Silene Klein; Doralice Pedroso de Paiva; Franco Martins; Jalusa Deon Kich; Janice Reis Ciacci Zanella; Jerônimo Fávero; Jorge V. Ludke; Luiz Carlos Bordin; Marcelo Miele; Martha M. Higarashi; Nelson Morés; Osmar A. Dalla Costa; Paulo Armando v. de Oliveira; Marisa Teresinha Bertol; Virgínia Santiago Silva

Avaliação agronômica de híbridos de Brachiaria spp. pré-selecionados do Programa de Melhoramento da Embrapa Gado de Corte.

O gênero Brachiaria ocupa em torno de 80% das pastagens do Brasil, mesmo sendo muito utilizada, as cultivares disponíveis apresentam limitações para serem melhoradas geneticamente. Este trabalho relata os resultados parciais da avaliação agronômica de 96 híbridos interespecíficos de Brachiaria (B. ruziziensis x B. brizantha x B. decumbens) previamente selecionados na Embrapa Gado de Corte para caracteres agronômicos, visando à seleção de híbridos candidatos a novas cultivares

External markers for the estimation of intake by dairy cows in feedlots.

ABSTRACT: The accurate determination of individual dry matter intake (DMI) is an important parameter for evaluating the nutritional value of a diet and allows for an adequate supply of food according to the nutritional requirements of each animal. When it is not possible to measure this parameter using a direct method, the DMI can be estimated based on faecal production markers and the in vitro digestibility of dry matter (IVDMD) of the diet. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the external marker titanium dioxide (TiO2) and enriched and modified hydroxyphenylpropane (LIPE®) on DMI. Four multiparous Holstein × Gyr cows with an average of 60 days in milk and 488 kg of body weight were used. The animals were housed in a free stall barn and fed diets based on sugarcane silage supplemented with concentrate composed of ground corn, cottonseed meal and 0%, 5%, 10% and 15% whole cottonseed on a dry matter (DM) basis. A 4 x 4 Latin square design was adopted. The DMI was determined by the ratio between the faecal production estimated by the markers and the IVDMD of the diet, with faeces collected by rectal grabbing twice a day for a period of seven days. There was no difference (P>0.05) in the DMI estimated by the external markers TiO2 and LIPE® (10.3 vs. 12.1; 11.1 vs. 12.5; 10.2 vs. 12.9; and 12.7 vs. 10.9 kg/cow/day in relation to the measured DMI for diets with 0%, 5%, 10% and 15% inclusion of whole cottonseed, respectively). The external markers LIPE® and TiO2 proved to be suitable for estimating cow DMI. Regardless of the diet offered, both external markers can be used to replace the external marker chromic oxide, as the DMI estimated by them did not differ from the DMI measured in the trough. RESUMO: A determinação acurada do consumo individual é um parâmetro importante para avaliação do valor nutritivo da dieta e permite o fornecimento adequado de alimentos, conforme as exigências nutricionais de cada animal. Quando há impossibilidade da sua mensuração pelo método direto, o consumo pode ser calculado a partir da produção fecal estimada por indicadores e pela digestibilidade in vitro da matéria seca (DIVMS) da dieta. Foi objetivo deste estudo avaliar os indicadores externos dióxido de titânio (TiO2) e hidroxifenilpropano enriquecido e modificado (LIPE®) nas estimativas de consumo de matéria seca (MS). Foram utilizadas quatro vacas multíparas Holandês × Gir com média de 60 dias em lactação e 488 kg de peso corporal. Os animais foram alojados em estábulo tipo free stall e alimentados com dietas à base de silagem de cana-de-açúcar suplementada com concentrado composto de milho moído, farelo de algodão e 0%, 5%, 10% e 15% de caroço de algodão (base da MS). Adotou-se delineamento quadrado latino 4 x 4. O consumo foi determinado pela razão entre a produção fecal estimada pelos indicadores e pela DIVMS da dieta, sendo as fezes coletadas diretamente na ampola retal, duas vezes por dia, por um período de sete dias. Não houve diferença (P>0,05) nos consumos de MS estimados pelos indicadores TiO2 e LIPE® (10,3 vs. 12,1; 11,1 vs. 12,5; 10,2 vs. 12,9; e 12,7 vs. 10,9 kg/vaca/dia em relação ao consumo mensurado, para as dietas com 0%, 5%, 10% e 15% de inclusão do caroço de algodão, respectivamente). Os indicadores externos LIPE® e TiO2 mostraramse adequados para estimar o consumo de MS das vacas. Independente da dieta oferecida, ambos mostraram que podem ser utilizados em substituição ao indicador externo óxido crômico, pois, as estimativas de consumo estimadas por eles não diferiram do consumo mensurado no cocho

Entomopathogenic fungi: Control of Aceria guerreronis in commercial planting of Cocos nucifera.

The coconut mite (Aceria guerreronis - Eriophyidae) attacks coconut fruits, inhabits the meristematic region, and causes losses in fruit production. Chemicals are the main control measures but successive applications can cause resistance in mites. In this sense, it is necessary to search for ecological alternatives that assist in sustainable management, as consumers seek products grown using more eco-friendly techniques. This study aimed to identify an entomopathogenic fungal isolate and evaluate its ability to control the mite A. guerreronis, which is present in commercial areas in the municipality of Santa Izabel do Pará, Brazil, in the Eastern Amazon. The efficiency of fungi on mites was tested using six treatments: water (control), chemical acaricide, and fungi of the genera Purpureocillium, Metarhizium, Beuaveria, and Trichoderma; the treatments were applied to the bunches at a concentration of 108 conidia mL-1. The results demonstrated a reduction in mites on fruits, with the B. bassiana and P. lilacinum treatments being the most successful. This study demonstrates that these fungi have acaricidal action and may present an economically viable and ecological alternative for controlling phytophagous mites in coconut cultivation in the Amazon./O ácaro do coco (Aceria guerreronis - Eriophyidae) ataca os frutos do coqueiro, habita a região meristemática e causa perdas na produção de frutos. A principal medida de controle é por meio de produtos químicos. Sucessivas aplicações podem causar a resistencia dos ácaros, neste sentido, faz-se necessária a busca por alternativas ecológicas que auxiliem em um manejo sustentável, pois consumidores procuram produtos oriundos de técnicas mais saudáveis. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar um isolado fúngico entomopatogênico e avaliar o controle sobre o ácaro A. guerreronis, presente em áreas comerciais no município de Santa Izabel do Pará, Brasil, Amazônia Oriental. A eficiência dos fungos sobre os ácaros, foi testada através de seis tratamentos: água (controle), acaricida químico e fungos dos gêneros Purpureocillium, Metarhizium, Beuaveria e Trichoderma, na concentração de 10 8 conídios mL-1 , e aplicados sobre os cachos. Os resultados demonstraram que houve redução de ácaros nos frutos, sendo os tratamentos à base de B. bassiana e P. lilacinum, os mais eficientes, demonstrando que esses fungos possuem ação acaricida e podem ser uma alternativa economicamente viável e ecológica para o controle de ácaros fitófagos no cultivo de coqueiro na Amazônia

Fatores de risco associados à rinite atrófica progressiva e a pneumonias crônicas nas fases de crescimento e terminação.

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Simulated gastrointestinal digestion/Caco-2 cell model to predict bioaccessibility and intestinal permeability of p-coumaric acid and p-coumaroyl derivatives in peanut.

Data concerning physiological recovery of whole peanut major phenolics throughout the gastrointestinal tract are scarce. In our study, the bioaccessibility and intestinal permeability of peanuts major phenolics were predicted by simulated digestion followed by Caco-2 cells monolayer model. Phenolics identification and quantification were performed by HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS and HPLC-PDA, respectively. As results, p-coumaroyl conjugates with tartaric, sinapic and ferulic acids, and p-coumaric acid were the major phenolics found in the non-digested extract and in the digested and transported fractions. The in vitro bioaccessibility and Caco-2 cell transport of pcoumaric acid was 370% and 127%, respectively, while it was much lower for p-coumaroyl derivatives (7-100% and 14-31%, respectively). Nonetheless, the peroxyl scavenging activity remained unaltered, likely, at least artly, due to synergies between some phenolics, which concentration proportions changed throughout the experiment. Hence, there is indication that whole peanut is a source of bioavailable antioxidant phenolics