59 research outputs found
Lattice-QCD-based equations of state at finite temperature and density
The equation of state (EoS) of QCD is a crucial input for the modeling of
heavy-ion-collision (HIC) and neutron-star-merger systems. Calculations of the
fundamental theory of QCD, which could yield the true EoS, are hindered by the
infamous Fermi sign problem which only allows direct simulations at zero or
imaginary baryonic chemical potential. As a direct consequence, the current
coverage of the QCD phase diagram by lattice simulations is limited. In these
proceedings, two different equations of state based on first-principle lattice
QCD (LQCD) calculations are discussed. The first is solely informed by the
fundamental theory by utilizing all available diagonal and non-diagonal
susceptibilities up to in order to reconstruct a full
EoS at finite baryon number, electric charge and strangeness chemical
potentials. For the second, we go beyond information from the lattice in order
to explore the conjectured phase structure, not yet determined by LQCD methods,
to assist the experimental HIC community in their search for the critical
point. We incorporate critical behavior into this EoS by relying on the
principle of universality classes, of which QCD belongs to the 3D Ising Model.
This allows one to study the effects of a singularity on the thermodynamical
quantities that make up the equation of state used for hydrodynamical
simulations of HICs. Additionally, we ensure that these EoSs are valid for
applications to HICs by enforcing conditions of strangeness neutrality and
fixed charge-to-baryon-number ratio.Comment: Contribution to the 37th Winter Workshop on Nuclear Dynamics. arXiv
admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2103.0814
Long Range Plan: Dense matter theory for heavy-ion collisions and neutron stars
Since the release of the 2015 Long Range Plan in Nuclear Physics, major
events have occurred that reshaped our understanding of quantum chromodynamics
(QCD) and nuclear matter at large densities, in and out of equilibrium. The US
nuclear community has an opportunity to capitalize on advances in astrophysical
observations and nuclear experiments and engage in an interdisciplinary effort
in the theory of dense baryonic matter that connects low- and high-energy
nuclear physics, astrophysics, gravitational waves physics, and data scienceComment: 70 pages, 3 figures, White Paper for the Long Range Plan for Nuclear
Scienc
The free radical of pyruvate formate-lyase. Characterization by EPR spectroscopy and involvement in catalysis as studied with the substrate-analogue hypopthosphite
Higher oxidation states of prostaglandin H synthase. Rapid electronic spectroscopy detected two spectral intermediates during the peroxidase reaction with prostaglandin G2
Target size analysis of prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase. Radiation inactivation of both cyclooxygenase and peroxidase correlated with the monomer of 72 kDa
Improved stability of multi-reflection time-of-flight mass spectrometers through passive and active voltage stabilization
Multi-reflection time-of-flight (MR-ToF) spectrometers are devices in which ions are reflected between two electrostatic mirrors to prolong their flight path. The performance of the apparatus relies on the stability of the voltages that are used to define the mirror potentials. Especially the voltage of the mirror electrodes at the point where the ions reverse the direction of their axial motion needs to be stable in order to minimize fluctuations of their total flight time. Here we present a method to increase the short- and long-term stability of suitable voltage supplies for enhanced performance of the spectrometer
Measurement of the excitation energy of the 5 isomeric state in Sb for r-process nucleosynthesis
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