COINFECTION BY HEPATITIS B AND HEPATITIS DELTA VIRUSES: MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PATHOGENS AND PROSPECTS OF PHARMACOTHERAPY

Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) is a defective virus and obligate companion of hepatitis B virus (HBV). The clinical significance of HDV and HBV coinfection is associated with more severe forms of acute or chronic viral hepatitis, a higher risk of developing liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma compared to BGV-monoinfection. Current knowledge of the molecular biology of pathogens confirms the existence of a very complex relationship between the HBV, HDV, infected hepatocytes and cells of the immune system. Despite the fact that HBV viremia can now be controlled by using nucleoside analogues in the majority of patients, the problem of treating HDV and HBV coinfection is far from being resolved. Fundamental studies in recent years have led to significant progress in understanding the biology of HDV and provide the basis for the development and introduction into clinical practice highly effective antiviral drugs

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF HEPATITIS B VIRUS AND IMMUNOPATHOGENESIS OF CHRONIC VIRAL HEPATITIS B

Hronic hepatitis B belongs to a category of socially significant diseases due to its wide abundance in the world and high frequency of unfavourable outcomes of this disease. Features of interaction of hepatitis B virus with human immune system, accompanying development of mechanisms of escape from immunological control, is the basis of development of chronic hepatitis B. Molecular-biological features of hepatitis B virus are the basis of the indicated mechanisms, and the content of this review is their examination. Herewith, stages of immunopathogenesis of this disease is the basis of characteristics of interaction of viral proteins with cells of immune system, and isolation of those is accepted in contemporary foreign literature

Intensity of free radical processes in blood and oral liquid of patients with atopic dermatitis

The biochemical intensity markers of free radical processes in blood and oral liquid of patients with atopic dermatitis are presented in this article. To appraise the oxidative metabolism condition the biophysical parameters such as the flash maximum and. H2O2 area of induced chemiluminescence and the concentration of biomolecular oxidative modification's products which can react on thiobarbituric acid were studied.. In the course of the research it was found, that a significant increase of free radical processes was marked in the blood, while in the oral cavity it was less expressed changes. These changes allow us to speak about the prospects of the use of oral liquid as the material for the development of non-invasive methods for diagnosis of metabolic rates of the body

Change of intensity of oxidative processes in patients with psoriasis

The article deals with the activity of free radical process on the systematical and local levels at the patients with psoriasis. We studied such the biochemical and biophysical parameters as the maintenance of the products reacting with thiobarbituric acid and indicators of a maximum of flash and the area of a hemilyuminestsention for the solution of these problems. During the conducted research there was the essential intensification of oxidizing process both in blood, and in the oral liquid that it was perspective for the development of criteria of the efficiency of therapy and monitoring of the condition of such patients, including noninvasive laboratory methods

ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY AND THE RISK OF LIVER FIBROSIS PROGRESSION IN HIV/HCV COINFECTED PATIENTS

The purpose of the study is to determine the nature of the impact of antiretroviral therapy on the development of liver fibrosis in patients coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV), depending on the order of pathogens acquisition. The fact is that the HIV/HCV coinfection is one of the most common pathological conditions worldwide and liver disease is a major cause of death for these patients. We have previously described the phenomenon, according to which the order of viral pathogens acquisition in HIV/HCV coinfected patients has a significant impact on the degree of progression of liver fibrosis. Introduction to clinical practice of antiretroviral therapy greatly increased the life expectancy of HIV-infected patients, however, the impact of ART on a progressive course of liver fibrosis in HIV/HCV coinfected patients have not yet been definitively established

The Effect of the Exogenous Glucosamine Hydrochloride and Chondroitin Sulfate on Biochemical Indices by the Experimental Inflammation of the Parodentium Tissues

In the article the evaluation issues of the effect of the exogenous glucosamine hydrochloride and chondroitin sulfate on biochemical indices of the blood serum as well as of the parodentium tissues by the experimental inflammation are examined. The experimental model of gingivitis has been formed in 40 white rats of the Wistar line presenting the control and the main groups; additionally, the parodentium of 20 intact animals has been studied. It has been revealed that the usage of glucosamine hydrochloride and chondroitin sulfate by the experimental inflammation of the parodentium tissues leads to the normalization of the main inflammation indices including the general proteolytic activity and the activity of the acid phosphatase as well which indicates the anti-inflammatory and the parodentium protective effects

The Effect of the Exogenous Glucosamine Hydrochloride and Chondroitin Sulfate on Biochemical Indices by the Experimental Inflammation of the Parodentium Tissues

In the article the evaluation issues of the effect of the exogenous glucosamine hydrochloride and chondroitin sulfate on biochemical indices of the blood serum as well as of the parodentium tissues by the experimental inflammation are examined. The experimental model of gingivitis has been formed in 40 white rats of the Wistar line presenting the control and the main groups; additionally, the parodentium of 20 intact animals has been studied. It has been revealed that the usage of glucosamine hydrochloride and chondroitin sulfate by the experimental inflammation of the parodentium tissues leads to the normalization of the main inflammation indices including the general proteolytic activity and the activity of the acid phosphatase as well which indicates the anti-inflammatory and the parodentium protective effects

A New Methodological Approach to the Evaluation of the Course and Conduct of Therapy Patients Co-infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Hepatitis C Virus

Coinfection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) is one of the most common pathological conditions worldwide. Liver disease is a major cause of death for these patients. We attempted to determine whether the order of HIV and HCV acquisition is important for the progression of liver fibrosis. In was shown that in patients younger than 35, the order of HIV and HCV acquisition has a crucial role in this process. In particular, the patients who acquired HIV as the first pathogen are at higher risk of progressive liver fibrosis and have higher HIV viral load and lower CD3(+)CD4(+) cell count