Spin correlations and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction in Cs2_2CuCl4_4

We report on electron spin resonance (ESR) studies of the spin relaxation in Cs$_2$CuCl$_4$. The main source of the ESR linewidth at temperatures $T \leq 150$ K is attributed to the uniform Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. The vector components of the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction are determined from the angular dependence of the ESR spectra using a high-temperature approximation. Both the angular and temperature dependence of the ESR linewidth have been analyzed using a self-consistent quantum-mechanical approach. In addition analytical expressions based on a quasi-classical picture for spin fluctuations are derived, which show good agreement with the quantum-approach for temperatures $T \geq 2J/k_{\rm B} \approx 15$ K. A small modulation of the ESR linewidth observed in the $ac$-plane is attributed to the anisotropic Zeeman interaction, which reflects the two magnetically nonequivalent Cu positions

Теоретико-игровая модель стимулирования эффективного труда региональных гражданских служащих в России

The priority goal of the country’s top leadership is to ensure sustainable socio-economic development of all constituent entities of the Russian Federation and improve the quality of life of their population. In a challenging geopolitical situation, achieving this goal is difficult. Only under the condition of an effective system of public administration is it possible to solve the main socio-economic problems in the Russian regions. This requires linking the size of collective incentive payments to regional civil servants to the achieved level of socio-economic development of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The foregoing predetermined the relevance of the research topic. The purpose of the paper is to substantiate the bonus calculation mechanism for the executive branch employees of the Russian regions, depending on the assessment of their ability to work as part of a team to achieve results, i. e. to perform their duties to a high standard. This involves the use of modern methods of economic and mathematical modeling, designed in this case to ensure the objectivity of assessment of the collective and individual performance (efficiency) of regional civil servants. This is the main scientific novelty of the paper. The practical implementation of the mechanism of collective and individual incentives for regional civil servants will create the preconditions for increasing the wages of such employees in all regions of the Russian Federation. Thus, the coordinated actions of civil servants from different ministries and departments of the Russian subsidized regions in the future will help increase their financial security and transition to the group of donor regions, and ultimately will create the possibility of increasing budget expenditures on wages for the executive branch employees.Приоритетной целью высшего руководства страны является обеспечение устойчивого социально-экономического развития всех субъектов Российской Федерации и повышение качества жизни их населения. В сложной геополитической ситуации достижение этой цели затруднено. Решение основных социально-экономических проблем в российских регионах возможно только при условии эффективной системы государственного управления. Для этого необходима привязка размера коллективных стимулирующих выплат гражданским региональным служащим к достигнутому уровню социально-экономического развития субъектов РФ. Вышесказанное предопределило актуальность темы исследования. Основная цель работы — обосновать механизм расчета размера премий работникам органов исполнительной власти российских регионов в зависимости от оценки их умения работать единой командой «на результат», т. е. качественно исполнять все должностные обязанности. Достижение такой цели предполагает применение современных методов экономико-математического моделирования, призванных обеспечить объективность оценки коллективной и индивидуальной эффективности (результативности) деятельности гражданских региональных служащих. В этом заключается основная научная новизна работы. Практическая реализация механизма коллективно-индивидуального стимулирования гражданских региональных служащих создаст предпосылки для повышения размера заработной платы таких работников во всех субъектах РФ. Так, скоординированные действия государственных служащих из разных министерств и ведомств российских дотационных регионов в перспективе будут способствовать повышению их финансовой безопасности и переходу в группу регионов-доноров, а в конечном итоге — возможности увеличения бюджетных расходов на оплату труда работников органов исполнительной власти

Phosphineoxide-Chelated Europium(III) Nanoparticles for Ceftriaxone Detection

The present work demonstrates the optimization of the ligand structure in the series of bis(phosphine oxide) and β-ketophosphine oxide representatives for efficient coordination of Tb3+ and Eu3+ ions with the formation of the complexes exhibiting high Tb3+- and Eu3+-centered luminescence. The analysis of the stoichiometry and structure of the lanthanide complexes obtained using the XRD method reveals the great impact of the bridging group nature between two phosphine oxide moieties on the coordination mode of the ligands with Tb3+ and Eu3+ ions. The bridging imido-group facilitates the deprotonation of the imido- bis(phosphine oxide) ligand followed by the formation of tris-complexes. The spectral and PXRD analysis of the separated colloids indicates that the high stability of the tris-complexes provides their safe conversion into polystyrenesulfonate-stabilized colloids using the solvent exchange method. The red Eu3+-centered luminescence of the tris-complex exhibits the same specificity in the solutions and the colloids. The pronounced luminescent response on the antibiotic ceftriaxone allows for sensing the latter in aqueous solutions with an LOD value equal to 0.974 μM

Primary recovery factor as a function of production rate: implications for conventional reservoirs with different drive mechanisms

This study evaluates the dependency of production rate on the recovery of hydrocarbon from conventional reservoirs using MBAL simulator. The results indicated that the recoveries are sensitive to the production rate in almost all hydrocarbon reservoirs. It was also found that the recovery of volumetric gas drive reservoirs is not impacted by the production rate. In fact, any increase in the production rate improves gas recovery in weak and strong water drive reservoirs. Moreover, increasing the production rate in oil reservoirs decreases the recovery with a significant effect observed in the weak water drive reservoirs. The results of this study demonstrate the need for implementing an effective reservoir management in order to obtain a maximum recovery

Spin correlations and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction in Cs 2CuCl4

We report on electron spin resonance (ESR) studies of the spin relaxation in Cs2CuCl4. The main source of the ESR linewidth at temperatures T≤150 K is attributed to the uniform Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. The vector components of the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction are determined from the angular dependence of the ESR spectra using a high-temperature approximation. Both the angular and temperature dependencies of the ESR linewidth have been analyzed using a self-consistent quantum-mechanical approach. In addition, analytical expressions based on a quasiclassical picture for spin fluctuations are derived, which show good agreement with the quantum-approach for temperatures T≥2J/kB≈15 K. A small modulation of the ESR linewidth observed in the ac plane is attributed to the anisotropic Zeeman interaction, which reflects the two magnetically nonequivalent Cu positions. © 2013 American Physical Society

Прогнозирование социального развития регионов России

The objective of the article is to offer a proprietary technology for assessment and forecasting of social development of Russian regions. The methodological basis of the study is neural network technology (a Bayesian ensemble of dynamic neural networks of different configurations is formed) that ensure high accuracy of the forecast. The authors developed a methodology for assessing the social potential of the Russian regions. They have also designed a system of private indicators characterising the level of social development of Russian regions. The indicators have been divided into five groups: 1) population (life expectancy); 2) standard of living of the population; 3) education; 4) health care (morbidity); 5) research and innovation. The private indicators have been made comparable by normalizing their values by means of “Pattern” method. This method allows the objective assessment of the interregional “gaps” in the country across the entire system of social indicators. The social development index of the subjects of the Russian Federation has been calculated. Based on neural network technologies (Kohonen self-organizing maps) clustering of regions of Russia regarding social development has been conducted. The forecast of the social development of the Russian regions has been made. Due to the forecast, it has been established that in the leading region of the Russian Federation (Moscow) in 2017-2019 the decrease is expected in the index of social development in comparison with 2014-2016. In another leading region of the Russian Federation (St. Petersburg) the decline in comparison with 2016 is expected in the medium term. At the same time, for the Republic of Bashkortostan in 2017-2019, just a slight decrease in the level of social development is forecasted. However, it is expected that the Republic will still lag significantly behind the leading regions of Russia by social development. The example of the Republic of Bashkortostan helped to discover that the lag in social development can be explained by the “gap” in research and innovations. The authors have concluded that it is necessary to improve the effectiveness of social policy at the regional level. Thus, it is necessary not only to increase financing of the social sphere of the subjects of the Russian Federation, but also to ensure proper control of budget spending. The developed methodology can be an effective tool for forecasting and managing social development of the Russian regions by the relevant ministries and departments.Цель статьи —  предложить авторскую методику оценки и прогнозирования социального развития регионов России. Методологической основой исследования являются нейросетевые технологии (формируется байесовский ансамбль динамических нейросетей различной конфигурации), обеспечивающие высокую точность прогноза. Авторами разработана методика оценки социального потенциала регионов России. Сформирована система частных показателей, характеризующих уровень социального развития регионов страны. Они объединены в пять групп: 1) население (ожидаемая продолжительность жизни); 2) уровень жизни населения; 3) образование; 4) здравоохранение (заболеваемость); 5) научные исследования и инновации. С помощью метода «Паттерн» частные показатели приведены в сопоставимый вид путем нормализации их значений. Данный метод позволяет объективно оценивать «глубину» межрегиональных «разрывов» в стране по всей системе социальных индикаторов. Проведен расчет индекса социального развития субъектов РФ. На основе нейросетевых технологий (самоорганизующихся карт Кохонена) проведена кластеризация регионов России по уровню социального развития. Осуществлено прогнозирование социального развития российских регионов. В результате прогнозирования установлено, что у региона —  лидера РФ (г. Москва) в 2017–2019 гг. ожидается снижение индекса социального развития по сравнению с 2014–2016 гг. У другого региона —  лидера РФ (г. Санкт-Петербург) в среднесрочной перспективе также ожидается снижение показателя, но только по сравнению с 2016 г. При этом по Республике Башкортостан в 2017–2019 гг. прогнозируется лишь незначительное снижение уровня социального развития. Однако ожидается, что республика по-прежнему будет существенно отставать от регионов —  лидеров России по уровню социального развития. На примере Республики Башкортостан выявлено, что отставание в сфере социального развития объясняется «разрывом» в области научных исследований и инноваций. Авторы делают вывод о необходимости повышения эффективности социальной политики на региональном уровне. Для этого необходимо не только увеличить финансирование социальной сферы субъектов РФ, но и обеспечить надлежащий контроль расходования бюджетных средств. Разработанная методика может являться эффективным инструментом прогнозирования и управления социальным развитием регионов РФ соответствующими министерствами и ведомствами

Лечение высокоэнергетических повреждений грудного и поясничного отделов позвоночника

Introduction. Surgical treatment of patients with spinal injuries with traumatic spinal canal stenosis is an important and widely discussed problem of contemporary vertebrology. Injuries to the spine in the incidence structure of isolated or combined injuries occupy a special place due to their high social and clinical significance. Long-term outcomes of traumatic disease in patients with combined trauma to the thoracic and lumbar spine are studied, as before, by ever larger groups of researchers in connection to the new generations of spinal fixation devices being introduced.Materials and methods. 111 patients with various thoracolumbar spine injuries treated surgically were included in the study. In 40 patients, the post-traumatic stenosis was treated with the use of ligamentotaxis and transpedicular osteosynthesis. Thll–Thl2, Th12–L1 and L1–L2 were the most frequent localisations of the level of injury in the study group.Results and discussion. The immediate treatment outcomes observed were as follows — good in 33 (82.5%) cases, satisfactory in 6 (15.0%), unsatisfactory — in 1 (2.5%). Long-term outcomes with follow-up longer than a year were recorded in 27 (67.5%) patients with good outcomes in 20 (74.1%) and satisfactory in 7 (25.9%).Conclusion. A correct stabilisation with metal systems makes it possible to verticalize the patient quickly and shorten the rehabilitation period in all patients including those of active working age, as well as minimize the risks in the long term.Введение. Хирургическое лечение пациентов с повреждениями позвоночника, сопровождающимися травматическим стенозом позвоночного канала, является актуальной и обсуждаемой проблемой современной вертебрологии. Повреждения позвоночника в структуре изолированной и множественной травмы занимают особое место по причине высокой социальной и клинической значимости. Отдаленный период травматической болезни при сочетанной травме грудного и поясничного отделов позвоночника по-прежнему изучается большими группами исследователей в связи с внедрением новых поколений фиксаторов.Материалы и методы. Проведено оперативное лечение 111 больных с различными повреждениями грудопоясничного отдела позвоночника. У 40 больных проведено устранение посттравматического стеноза методом лигаментотаксиса с применением транспедикулярного остеосинтеза. Наиболее частыми локализациями уровня повреждения среди пациентов с повреждениями грудопоясничного отдела в группе исследования были сегменты позвоночного столба на уровне Thll–Thl2,Тh12–L1 и L1–L2.Результаты и обсуждение. Ближайшие результаты лечения прослежены у всех пациентов: хорошие получены в  33  (82,5  %) случаях; удовлетворительные  — в 6 (15,0  %), неудовлетворительные  — в 1 (2,5  %). Отдаленные результаты со сроком наблюдения более 1 года прослежены у 27 (67,5 %) пациентов; у 20 (74,1 %) получены хорошие, у 7 (25,9 %) — удовлетворительные.Заключение. Корректная стабилизация металлоконструкцией позволяет в кратчайшие сроки вертикализировать пациента и сократить сроки реабилитации, в том числе у пациентов трудоспособного возраста, с наибольшей вероятностью минимального возникновения риска в отдаленном период

Awarding Performance-Based Bonuses to Top Managers of Russian State-Owned Companies

Within the framework of the research, the hypothesis is proved that there is no direct strong correlation relationship between the level of awarding bonuses to top managers and corporate performance (as exemplified by the Russian oil branch). The lack of the corresponding methodology is the main reason of the chaotic bonuses awarding to company managers (the board). That is why within the framework of the research the task of elaborating a universal (for economic entities of the country’s oil branch) methodology of awarding performance-based bonuses to top managers of state- owned companies is put forward and solved. The issue-related methodology is elaborated and implemented in several successive stages: 1) the particular indicators system formation characterizing the corporate performance in an integrated fashion; 2) the normalization of such indicators values; 3) calculation of the integrating corporate efficiency indicator (quantitative evaluation); 4) qualitative evaluation of managerial effectiveness; 5) elaboration of a progressive scale: integrating corporate efficiency indicator - the level of awarding bonuses to the company top managers and 6) determination of the bonus level for the management (board) of the company. The particular indicators system formation is done on the basis of the American scientist D. Sink’s complex approach, who considers the company as a complex open social-economic system. In its turn a company is a sub-system within a higher-level system (in our case Russia oil branch). Presenting the national economic branch/a company from the perspective of a systemic approach makes it possible to abandon the procedure of eliminating external influence, i. e., to determine top managers’ “contribution” to operating performance of the economic entity properly. A progressive scale is the “core” of the methodology, which makes it possible not only to formalize the process of proper determination of the bonus level for the management (board), but to stimulate effective top management activity as well through connecting the bonus level to the corporate performance of the state-owned company. The elaboration of such a scale within the framework of the research is done through the Delphi method. With the view of higher objective evaluation of top managers’ contribution to ensuring corporate performance, a game-theory model can be used, enabling to transform the issue-related methodology from the single- to the double-layer one (to pass from the collective form of stimulation to the individual one)

Applicability of transferable multipole pseudo-atoms for restoring inner-crystal electronic force density fields. Chemical bonding and binding features in the crystal and dimer of 1,3-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-6-methyluracil

We considered it timely to test the applicability of transferable multipole pseudo-atoms for restoring inner-crystal electronic force density fields. The procedure was carried out on the crystal of 1,3-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-6-methyluracil, and some derived properties of the scalar potential and vector force fields were compared with those obtained from the experimental multipole model and from the aspherical pseudo-atom model with parameters fitted to the calculated structure factors. The procedure was shown to accurately replicate the general vector-field behavior, the peculiarities of the quantum potentials and the characteristics of the force-field pseudoatoms, such as charge, shape and volume, as well as to reproduce the relative arrangement of atomic and pseudoatomic zero-flux surfaces along internuclear regions. It was found that, in addition to the quantum-topological atoms, the force-field pseudoatoms are spatially reproduced within a single structural fragment and similar environment. In addition, the classical and nonclassical hydrogen bonds in the uracil derivative crystal, as well as the H...O, N...O and N...C interactions in the free π-stacked dimer of the uracil derivative molecules, were studied using the potential and force fields within the concepts of interatomic charge transfer and electron lone pair donation–acceptance. Remarkably, the nitrogen atoms in the N...O and N...C interactions behave rather like a Lewis base and an electron contributor. At the same time, the hydrogen atom in the H...O interaction, being a Lewis acid, also participates in the interatomic electron transfer by acting as a contributor. Thus, it has been argued that, when describing polar interatomic interactions within orbital-free considerations, it makes more physical sense to identify electronegative (electron occupier) and electropositive (electron contributor) atoms or subatomic fragments rather than nucleophilic and electrophilic sites

Social Development Forecast for Russian Regions

The objective of the article is to offer a proprietary technology for assessment and forecasting of social development of Russian regions. The methodological basis of the study is neural network technology (a Bayesian ensemble of dynamic neural networks of different configurations is formed) that ensure high accuracy of the forecast. The authors developed a methodology for assessing the social potential of the Russian regions. They have also designed a system of private indicators characterising the level of social development of Russian regions. The indicators have been divided into five groups: 1) population (life expectancy); 2) standard of living of the population; 3) education; 4) health care (morbidity); 5) research and innovation. The private indicators have been made comparable by normalizing their values by means of “Pattern” method. This method allows the objective assessment of the interregional “gaps” in the country across the entire system of social indicators. The social development index of the subjects of the Russian Federation has been calculated. Based on neural network technologies (Kohonen self-organizing maps) clustering of regions of Russia regarding social development has been conducted. The forecast of the social development of the Russian regions has been made. Due to the forecast, it has been established that in the leading region of the Russian Federation (Moscow) in 2017-2019 the decrease is expected in the index of social development in comparison with 2014-2016. In another leading region of the Russian Federation (St. Petersburg) the decline in comparison with 2016 is expected in the medium term. At the same time, for the Republic of Bashkortostan in 2017-2019, just a slight decrease in the level of social development is forecasted. However, it is expected that the Republic will still lag significantly behind the leading regions of Russia by social development. The example of the Republic of Bashkortostan helped to discover that the lag in social development can be explained by the “gap” in research and innovations. The authors have concluded that it is necessary to improve the effectiveness of social policy at the regional level. Thus, it is necessary not only to increase financing of the social sphere of the subjects of the Russian Federation, but also to ensure proper control of budget spending. The developed methodology can be an effective tool for forecasting and managing social development of the Russian regions by the relevant ministries and departments