Association of respiratory symptoms and lung function with occupation in the multinational Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease (BOLD) study

Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease has been associated with exposures in the workplace. We aimed to assess the association of respiratory symptoms and lung function with occupation in the Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease study. Methods We analysed cross-sectional data from 28 823 adults (≥40 years) in 34 countries. We considered 11 occupations and grouped them by likelihood of exposure to organic dusts, inorganic dusts and fumes. The association of chronic cough, chronic phlegm, wheeze, dyspnoea, forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)/FVC with occupation was assessed, per study site, using multivariable regression. These estimates were then meta-analysed. Sensitivity analyses explored differences between sexes and gross national income. Results Overall, working in settings with potentially high exposure to dusts or fumes was associated with respiratory symptoms but not lung function differences. The most common occupation was farming. Compared to people not working in any of the 11 considered occupations, those who were farmers for ≥20 years were more likely to have chronic cough (OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.19–1.94), wheeze (OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.16–1.63) and dyspnoea (OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.53–2.20), but not lower FVC (β=0.02 L, 95% CI −0.02–0.06 L) or lower FEV1/FVC (β=0.04%, 95% CI −0.49–0.58%). Some findings differed by sex and gross national income. Conclusion At a population level, the occupational exposures considered in this study do not appear to be major determinants of differences in lung function, although they are associated with more respiratory symptoms. Because not all work settings were included in this study, respiratory surveillance should still be encouraged among high-risk dusty and fume job workers, especially in low- and middle-income countries.publishedVersio

Analyse Dynamique et Statique du Couplage Flexion-Torsion d’une Poutre Sandwich

National audienceno abstrac

Analyse Dynamique et Statique du Couplage Flexion-Torsion d’une Poutre Sandwich

National audienceno abstrac

EXTRA MEDULLARY RELAPSE AFTER ALLOGENEIC BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION FOR MULTIPLE MYELOMA (MM)

20th Congress of European-Hematology-Association, Vienna, AUSTRIA, JUN 11-14, 2015International audienceno abstrac

A refined structural model for static aeroelastic response and divergence of metallic and composite wings

A refined beam model with hierarchical features is in this work extended to the static aeroelastic analysis of lifting surfaces made of metallic and composite materials. The refined structural one-dimensional (1D) theory is based on the Carrera Unified Formulation and it permits to take into account any cross-section deformation, including warping effects. The vortex lattice method is employed to provide aerodynamic loadings along the two in-plane wing directions (wing span and wing cross-section). Applications are obtained by developing a coupled aeroelastic computational model which is based on the finite element method. The accuracy of the proposed 1D model is shown by a number of applications related to various wings made of metallic and composite materials. The effect of the cross-section deformation is evaluated on the aeroelastic static response and divergence of the considered wings. The need of higher-order expansions is underlined as well as the limitations of beam results which are based on classical theories. Comparison with results obtained by existing plate/shell aeroelastic models shows that the present 1D model could result less expensive from the computational point of view with respect to shell cases. The beneficial effects of aeroelastic tailoring in the case of wings made of composite anisotropic materials are also confirmed by the present analysis

Refined One-Dimensional Formulations for LaminatedStructure Analysis

This paper proposes one-dimensional formulations based on hierarchical expansions of the unknown displacement variables for the analysis of multilayered structures made of anisotropic composite layers. The hierarchical technique shows variable kinematic properties and it is based on the Carrera unified formulation. Two different classes of refined theories are proposed: the first expands the unknown variables in terms of power polynomials of the cross-sectional coordinates (it consists of a Taylor-like expansion); the second class of onedimensional theories uses Lagrange polynomials (Lagrange expansion) and subdomain discretizations of the cross section, and it leads to only pure displacements as the unknown variables. Taylor-like expansion is used to develop equivalent single-layer formulations, and Lagrange expansion is used to construct both equivalent single-layer and layerwise descriptions. The finite element method is employed to develop numerical applications. Using the Carrera unified formulation, finite element matrices are obtained in terms of a few fundamental nuclei that are formally independent of all the considered one-dimensional formulations. A number of numerical examples are given concerning on beams, plates, and more complex structures. Comparisons with results from plate and solid models are provided. The following has been concluded: 1) The proposed formulation represents a reliable, compact, and accurate method to develop refined one-dimensional models. 2) The present one-dimensional models are very effective at detecting both global and local responses of composite structures. 3) Shell-and solidlike results are obtained with a significant reduction in the computational costs