Optimization of limiting modes of streamer semiconductor laser

The influence of intensive electric and optical fields produced by streamer discharge in wide-gap semiconductor on their spectroscopic properties has been studied. The given effect is developed at appearance of reversed reconstruction of active environment luminescent characteristics. The methods of sufficient increase in durability and efficiency of streamer laser at limiting modes based on application of semiconductor protecting layers of a definite crystallographic orientation and crystal microrelief with element size of light wave length order. Streamer luminescence in new perspective CaGa2S4:Eu, Ca4Ga2S7:Eu compounds is found and studied

Contingency Analysis of the Agonistic Behavioral Sequence in Sceloporus undulatus hyacinthinus

A contingency analysis of the sequence of actions associated with agonistic behavior of resident and introduced male Sceloporus undulatus nya irthirus was carried out to determine the degree of stereotypy. During the time period April to June 1984 and 1985, caged pairs of adult male and juvenile female lizards were filmed on three occasions in order to gather data on resident males not involved in aggressive interactions. During the same threemonth time period, a different nonresident male was introduced singly into a given resident\u27s cage on three occasions and the interactions filmed. The films were analyzed to determine which actions were agonistic, the sequence of actions and the transition frequencies from one action to another. The sequence of actions was determined to be probabilistic, that is, the occurrence of one action influenced the probability that a specific action would follow. The most probable behavioral sequence for resident males during male-male interactions was head turn-crawl-jaw snap-lateral compression-bobbing-attack. The latter three actions were unique to agonistic encounters. The introduced males expressed a similar behavioral sequence except that they very rarely attacked. The behavioral sequence of resident females during male-male interactions consisted of head turn-crawl-jaw snap-bobbing. Bobbing generally preceded jaw snapping in females when such male-male interactions were not taking place. The probabilistic nature of the display action pattern during agonistic behavior is similar to that observed in other iguanid lizards studied. Three levels of arousal were evident in resident males during aggressive interactions. These were 1) heightened awareness, 2) display and 3) attack. Again, this observation is consistent with those in studies carried out in other iguanid lizards