Mifepristone safety and efficacy in preinduction of labor: an observational study

Background: When the continuation of pregnancy adversely affecting the mother and fetus, termination of pregnancy is planned. Mifepristone as a method of pre-inducing agent in late pregnancy by increasing sensitivity of the uterus to the actions of prostaglandins and increasing uterine contractility. Objective of this study is to know the efficacy of mifepristone as a preinduction cervical ripening and induction of labor.Methods: In this prospective randomized study, 130 pregnant women are included and divided into two groups i.e. study group(n=65), has received tab mifepristone 200 mg and control group (n=65) has not received any drug.  After the end of 24 hours, Bishops score in both the groups are assessed and those not in labor or with unfavourable cervix are administered with intracervical dinoprostone gel every 6 hourlies for maximum of 3 doses or until pregnant woman entered into active labor. Statistical analysis regarding improvement in Bishops score, induction active phase interval, induction delivery interval is observed.Results: After 24 hours, observation in the mean Bishops score has showed significant improvement in the study group (72.33%), when compared to control group (54.58%). % woman has gone into spontaneous labor in study group (61.5%), and in control group (75.4%). Induction to active phase time duration is less in study group with mean (10.53), and in control group (17.4). Induction to delivery time duration is also less in study group with mean (15.100) when compared to control group (22.100). 67.7% of patients has delivered by vaginally in study group, and in control group 41%.Conclusions: Tab. mifepristone 200 mg has a pre inducing agent for cervical ripening, shown better improvement in Bishops score within 24-48 hours and decreases time duration from induction to active phase and induction to delivery

RP-HPLC METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR SIMULTANIOUS ESTIMATION AND FORCED DEGRADATION STUDIES OF LAMIVUDINE AND RALTEGRAVIR IN SOLID DOSAGE FORM

Objective: A stability indicating reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method was developed and validated for the estimation of the combined tablet formulation of lamivudine (LAM) and raltegravir (RAL) in dosage forms and its API.Methods: Chromatographic separation was achieved on inertsil ODS C18 5 µm (4.6 X 150 mm) using a mobile phase (MP) consisting of a mixture of mixed orthophosphoric acid (OPA): acetonitrile (ACN) in the ratio 50:50 v/v which was determined at 242 nm respectively. Results: The assay of LAM and RAL was performed with tablets, and the % assay was found to be 100.12 and 99.89 which shows that the method is useful for routine analysis. The linearity of LAM and RAL was found to be linear with a correlation coefficient of 0.998 and 0.999, which shows that the method is capable of producing good sensitivity. The retention time of LAM and RAL was 1.99 min and 4.34 min respectively; linearity range was found to lie from 15 µg/ml to 75 µg/ml for LAM, 30 µg/ml to 150 µg/ml for RAL with a correlation coefficient of 0.999 respectively. Forced degradation studies were conducted in acidic, basic, thermal, photolytic and peroxide where all the degradation peaks were monitored.Conclusion: The proposed HPLC method was found to be simple, specific, precise, accurate, rapid and economical for simultaneous estimation of LAM and RAL in bulk and tablet dosage form. Thus the validated economical method was applied for forced degradation study of LAM and RAL tablet

Analysis of Pointing Error on Satellite Link using GNU Radio

No Abstrac

Asymmetric Surface Brightness Structure of Caustic Crossing Arc in SDSS J1226+2152: A Case for Dark Matter Substructure

We study the highly magnified arc SGAS J122651.3+215220 caused by a star-forming galaxy at $z_s=2.93$ crossing the lensing caustic cast by the galaxy cluster SDSS J1226+2152 ($z_l=0.43$), using Hubble Space Telescope observations. We report in the arc several asymmetric surface brightness features whose angular separations are a fraction of an arcsecond from the lensing critical curve and appear to be highly but unequally magnified image pairs of underlying compact sources, with one brightest pair having clear asymmetry consistently across four filters. One explanation of unequal magnification is microlensing by intracluster stars, which induces independent flux variations in the images of individual or groups of source stars in the lensed galaxy. For a second possibility, intracluster dark matter subhalos invisible to telescopes effectively perturb lensing magnifications near the critical curve and give rise to persistently unequal image pairs. Our modeling suggests, at least for the most prominent identified image pair, that the microlensing hypothesis is in tension with the absence of notable asymmetry variation over a six-year baseline, while subhalos of $\sim 10^6$--$10^8\,M_\odot$ anticipated from structure formation with Cold Dark Matter typically produce stationary and sizable asymmetries. We judge that observations at additional times and more precise lens models are necessary to stringently constrain temporal variability and robustly distinguish between the two explanations. The arc under this study is a scheduled target of a Director's Discretionary Early Release Science program of the James Webb Space Telescope, which will provide deep images and a high-resolution view with integral field spectroscopy.Comment: New version accepted by MNRAS; 18 pages including references and appendices, 13 figures and 4 tables; major revision of Sec. 3.2 and Figure 4 presenting improved data analysis; original conclusion strengthened

Needle free injection technology - An overview

Needle free injection technology was developed to reduce the number of needle stick accidents and associated problems. A comprehensive literature review was completed regarding needle free injection technology and its applications, advantages over needle injections, their components and types such as powder injection, liquid injection, depot or projectile injection. This review describes needle free injection technology involving the generation of force by using compressed gas upon actuation in order to deliver a drug at very high speed through a nozzle. This review also describes injection methods that use a spring load jet injector, battery powdered jet injector, and gas powdered jet injector. An overview of marketed products, recent trends and other needleless drug delivery systems is given. Needle free injection technology is growing and has the potential to make the administration of medicine more efficient, safe and convenient.   Type: Commentar

Needle free injection technology - An overview

Needle free injection technology was developed to reduce the number of needle stick accidents and associated problems. A comprehensive literature review was completed regarding needle free injection technology and its applications, advantages over needle injections, their components and types such as powder injection, liquid injection, depot or projectile injection. This review describes needle free injection technology involving the generation of force by using compressed gas upon actuation in order to deliver a drug at very high speed through a nozzle. This review also describes injection methods that use a spring load jet injector, battery powdered jet injector, and gas powdered jet injector. An overview of marketed products, recent trends and other needleless drug delivery systems is given. Needle free injection technology is growing and has the potential to make the administration of medicine more efficient, safe and convenient.   Type: Commentar

Design and Development of Modular Customised Ration Storage System Silo for Service Specific Applications during Peak Winters at High Altitude Area

Conceptualisation of design and development of modular and customised ration storage system for Army rations sustainable up to -40°C was carried out. The Indian Armed Forces operate under various climatic conditions, which are inhospitable for cooking, storing fresh/perishable food products and carrying rations for their survival during an emergency. Hence, there was an ever-existent demand for a customised, user-friendly ration storage system. Considering a number of user-friendly features, a system has been designed comprising modular unit structures with insulated wall panels containing Polyurethane foam (PUF) sandwiched between metallic and composite material claddings. An insulated structure is required to maintain the temperature at high altitudes during extreme low-temperature conditions. The temperature and humidity are regulated and maintained using solar panels and humidly modulators. The modular structure with individual temperature and humidity control is suitable for the safe storage and preservation of fresh produce, fruits and vegetables, and milk and animal products. In case of perishable commodities of Defense supplies inclusive of leafy and tender vegetables, juicy fresh fruits, egg, chocolates, meat carcasses stored in silo are safe as its insulated structure ensures no freezing even upto -25° Celsius hence protects them from quality damage due to subzero temperature exposure and abuse. Therefore, the normal convention of the expected shelf life for each such commodity was extended approximately double the normal shelf life expected. An extensive design process involving CAD modelling followed by mechanical load simulation and analysis resulted in a robust and capable system. Each compartmentalised segment caters for an average one-ton material depending on the nature of the material. The system is suitable to store 3 tons of ration at a time to address the requirement of 100 individuals for 60 days in monsoon cut off and peak winter cut-off posts. Total energy consumption under fully load condition is approx. 2KW to maintain peak temperature gradient of 45-50°C.The outer surface of the structure can be camouflaged. The well-insulated structure ensures zero leakage and is sturdy to withstand a wind velocity of 60 km per hour and a standing snow load of 2 meters above it