Pengaruh Latihan Aerobik Terhadap Forced Expiratory Volume in One Second (Fev1) Pada Mahasiswa Pria Dengan Kelebihan Berat Badan (Overweight)

: overweight is an accumulation of abnormal fat that can affect to human health. The prevalence of overweight and obesity on adult people in Indonesia is 21.7%. Respiratory problem is one of any other problems that occurred on overweight person. Aerobic exercise is one of the solution to help overweight person, it also helps overweight person to its respiratory problem. Study about the effect of aerobic exercise to overweight person is still rare. The objective of this study is to overlook the effect of aerobic exercise on FEV1 of overweight male student. 32 overweight male students chosen with purposive sampling methods was given exercise program of three times a week with 20 minutes exercise for every treatment and keep the heart rate on 70%-80% from maximum heart rate. Subject was measured with spyrometer to see the effect of this treatment on FEV1. 28 subjects finish this program. FEV1 before the treatment was 3.6268 and 3.7375 after treatment. Conclusion: FEV1 increase about 0,11 litres, but it's not statistically significant (p>0,05

Uji Formulasi Pupuk Organik Cair Berbahan Aktif Bacillus SP. pada Pembibitan Utama Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq)

Palm oil (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) is a crop plantation were a high economic value because it is a vegetable oil plant. In Indonesia, oil palm is important to increasing the country's income and able to improve people's fare well, especially in Riau Province. The study aimed to examine the effect of formulations liquid organic fertilizer contain active Bacillus sp. and get the best formulations on the growth of oil palm seedlings (Elaeis guineensis Jacq). The research was conducted in Quarantine Laboratory, Pekanbaru and in the technical implementation unit of agriculture faculty of Riau University, in April until to October 2013. The methods of research is experimentally with using randomized block design (RBD) with 5 treatments and 4 replications. The data were analyzed statistically with using analysis of variance and followed by Duncan's New Multiple Range Test at level α = 5%. The parameters measured were increase of seedling height, increase of the number of midrib, increase of circle stem, seedling root volume, root crown ratio and dry weight of plants. The results of the research showing that all treatment of formulations Bacillus sp. were tested has non significant effect on all parameters of observation. Formulations of Bacillus sp. with coconut water is the best formulation in increasing of palm oil seedling height and the tendency towards in increase of number of the midrib and plant dry weight

Efectividad de las actividades preventivas a los 8 años de su introducción en una consulta de medicina general de un centro de salud

ObjetivoPrincipal: valorar la modificación del riesgo coronario (RC) en pacientes adultos tras 8 años de su incorporación al Programa Actividades Preventivas y Promoción Salud (PAPPS). Secundario: determinar nivel de vacunación antitetánica alcanzado y cumplimiento de actividades.DiseñoEstudio de intervención sin asignación aleatoria «antes-después».EmplazamientoUna consulta de medicina general de un centro de salud.PacientesUn total de 429 pacientes (204 varones, 225 mujeres) de 30-65 años seguidos durante 8 años, captados por búsqueda activa de casos en la consulta diaria.IntervencionesDeterminación de tensión arterial, colesterol, peso, tabaquismo, ingesta etílica, estado vacunal antitetánico, cálculo del RC a los 10 años según Framinghan y grado de cumplimiento de actividades. Estas variables se determinaron al inicio, a los 4 y a los 8 años. Datos obtenidos de la historia clínica.ResultadosPoblación total: a los 8 años descenso del RC, 0,8 (IC diferencia, 0,4-1,2), equivalente al 8,5% del inicial. Incremento obtenido de la vacunación antitetánica correcta del 64,4% (IC diferencia, 59,9-69%). Cumplimiento actividades al inicio y al octavo año: tensión, 100%, 71%; consumo tabaco, 99,5%, 71%; determinación colesterol, 89%, 64%. Subgrupo RC inicial alto: a los 8 años descenso del RC, 6,7 (IC diferencia, 4,9-8,5), equivalente al 24,8% del inicial.ConclusionesEn la población total el descenso del RC obtenido no es clínicamente significativo, mientras que en el subgrupo con RC inicial alto el descenso sí lo ha sido. Probablemente debería hacerse búsqueda activa de los pacientes con RC alto y actuar sobre ellos.ObjectivesMain: to assess the change in coronary risk (CR) in adults after 8 years of their involvement in the Programme of Preventive Activities and Health Promotion (PAPPS). Secondary: to determine the level of anti-tetanus vaccination reached and patients' compliance with activities.Design«Before and after» intervention study without random allocation.SettingA general medical clinic at a health centre.Patients429 patients (204 men, 225 women) between 30 and 65 monitored for 8 years, recruited by active search for cases at daily consultations.InterventionsBlood pressure, cholesterol, weight, tobacco habit, alcohol intake, anti-tetanus vaccination state, CR calculation at 10 years on the Framingham scale, and degree of compliance with activities were all determined at the start, at 4 years and at 8 years. Data was obtained from the clinical notes.ResultsTotal population: a 0.8 drop in CR (CI difference: 0.4-1.2), equivalent to 8.5% of the initial figure. 64.4% increase in correct anti-tetanus vaccination (CI difference: 59.9-69). Compliance with activities at the start and after eight years: pressure 100%, 71%; tobacco consumption 99.5%, 71%; cholesterol determination 89%, 64%. Initially high CR sub-group: 6.7 drop of CR at 8 years (CI difference: 4.9-8.5), equivalent to 24.8% of the initial figure.ConclusionsIn the total population, the CR drop found was not clinically significant, whereas in the initially high CR sub-group the drop was. There should probably be an active search made for patients with high CR and action taken on them

Granular Packings: Nonlinear elasticity, sound propagation and collective relaxation dynamics

Experiments on isotropic compression of a granular assembly of spheres show that the shear and bulk moduli vary with the confining pressure faster than the 1/3 power law predicted by Hertz-Mindlin effective medium theories (EMT) of contact elasticity. Moreover, the ratio between the moduli is found to be larger than the prediction of the elastic theory by a constant value. The understanding of these discrepancies has been a longstanding question in the field of granular matter. Here we perform a test of the applicability of elasticity theory to granular materials. We perform sound propagation experiments, numerical simulations and theoretical studies to understand the elastic response of a deforming granular assembly of soft spheres under isotropic loading. Our results for the behavior of the elastic moduli of the system agree very well with experiments. We show that the elasticity partially describes the experimental and numerical results for a system under compressional loads. However, it drastically fails for systems under shear perturbations, particularly for packings without tangential forces and friction. Our work indicates that a correct treatment should include not only the purely elastic response but also collective relaxation mechanisms related to structural disorder and nonaffine motion of grains.Comment: 21 pages, 13 figure

Demonstration of integrated microscale optics in surface-electrode ion traps

In ion trap quantum information processing, efficient fluorescence collection is critical for fast, high-fidelity qubit detection and ion-photon entanglement. The expected size of future many-ion processors require scalable light collection systems. We report on the development and testing of a microfabricated surface-electrode ion trap with an integrated high numerical aperture (NA) micromirror for fluorescence collection. When coupled to a low NA lens, the optical system is inherently scalable to large arrays of mirrors in a single device. We demonstrate stable trapping and transport of 40Ca+ ions over a 0.63 NA micromirror and observe a factor of 1.9 enhancement in photon collection compared to the planar region of the trap.Comment: 15 pages, 8 figure