Evaluation of Oxidative Stress in the Pathogenesis of Preeclampsia by Studying the Changes in Plasma Malondialdehyde and Ceruloplasmin.

Preeclampsia is a human pregnancy specific, multi system disorder that Is characterized by hypertension and proteinuria1. Inspite of intensive effort to Identify the pathophysiological mechanism neither a specific cause nor a Pathogenesis has been identified. Roes, EM et al.hypothesised that endothelial dysfunction plays a major Role in preeclampsia2. Carl A. Hubel reviewed the role of oxidative stress in vascular Endothelial cell damage and also recorded increased level of lipid peroxidation Products in preeclampsia3. Atamer Y et al. Reported that the plasma antioxidant activity in Preeclampsia is defective, and could be the causative factor that is responsible For endothelial damage4. Gutteridge JMC et al. Reported that Ceruloplasmin is the major plasma Antioxidant and its activity is found to decrease in preeclampsia5. The increased Lipid peroxidation along with decreased ceruloplasmin activity may play a role In pathogenesis of preeclampsia.6 The present study was carried out to determine the level of plasma, Malondialdehyde [MDA] as a marker of lipidperoxidation and ceruloplasmin as An antioxidant against lipid peroxidation. By performing the above parameters In preeclampsia the antioxidant status and oxidative stress were studied

Evaluation of an In-house Indirect ELISA for Differential Detection of IgM and IgG anti-Brucella Antibodies in Human Brucellosis

Brucellosis caused by various species of the genus Brucella is one of the most important zoonotic diseases of global importance with veterinary, public health, and economic concerns. The study aimed to standardize IgM and IgG-based iELISA to detect anti-Brucella antibodies for serodiagnosis of acute and chronic human brucellosis. The test was standardized using 1:320 dilution of smooth lipopolysaccharide (sLPS) antigen from B. abortus S99 strain, 1:80 serum dilution, 1:4000 anti-human IgM and IgG conjugates, respectively for both IgM and IgG iELISA. The cut-off using 50 each brucellosis positive and negative human sera panel samples was set at ≥ 42 for both IgM and IgG iELISA. A total of 700 human sera samples were evaluated (137 veterinary doctors, 157 artificial inseminators, and 406 veterinary assistants). Overall, the study detected 8.3%, 8.1%, 8%, and 6.1% positivity by in-house IgG iELISA, RBPT, IgM iELISA, and SAT tests, respectively. Considering commercial iELISA kit as a gold standard, the sensitivities of IgM and IgG iELISA were 90% and 97.9%, respectively, whereas, specificities were >99%. The study established >98% specificity and >90% sensitivity for differential detection of immunoglobulin classes in the standardized iELISA. The developed assay outperformed the other evaluated tests with a shorter assay time and can be implemented in both endemic and non-endemic regions for surveillance and diagnosis of human brucellosis

A weekly operational planning model for a run-off-the-river system: some simulation results from the Tambiraparani river, Tamil Nadu, India

In the present study. a weekly operational planning model has been developed using a simulation technique for the Tambiraparani river system in Tamil Nadu, India A planning model has been developed incorporating the important features of the existing operational policy. Paddy is the main crop cultivated in three seasons, although banana is cultivated to an appreciable extent. it has not been recognized in the existing operational policy. The major task of the water resources manner is to find the area under paddy during the third season namely. the Advance Kar season. The main objective of the present study is to simulate the temporal distribution of the available water in the Tambiraparam river system Simulation is carried out for various possible extents of Advance Kar area and banana area for various initial storage conditions. It is found that the entire Tambiraparam river system could be managed without deficit by reducing the release of water by 10-25% during the non-stress crop periods and also by lagging the starting period of the season by one or two weeks If this management is practiced during average inflow years. it is possible to maintain the same final storage as the initial storage during the start of the season Thus the polices derived using the present study would be more useful to the system manners enabling them to authorize the area under paddy during the Advance Kar season and also to help them to maintain the required storage for the next seaso

Efficacy of Artificial Recharge Structures

Artificial recharge mechanisms are resorted to when natural recharge is not sufficient for sustainable ground water levels. This study attempted to determine the efficacy of some artificial recharge structures constructed by TWAD board in Vadavathur village in Namakkal district of Tamil Nadu state. The direction of ground water flow has been found out by overlaying the periodical water level contours over the topography map. The result indicates that the ground water flow was towards Northwest and West directions and follows the natural ground slope. The water level fluctuation method and norms recommended by Ground Water Estimation Committee 1998 was used for water budgeting of the study area. The study identified a large amount of inflow coming into this basin from the Northeast and Eastern boundarie

INFLUENCE OF AMPICILLIN SUPPLEMENTATION ON FOOD UTILISATION AND ECONOMIC CHARACTERS OF COCOON OF MULBERRY SILKWORM BOMBYX MORI L.

Investigation was carried out to improve some important economic characters of Bombyx mori L. through usage of antibiotic picillininthe diet. Concentration of amplicillin at 0.03%brought about significant changes which have potential economic value. This marked improvement was interpreted through food utilisation parameters

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Not AvailableLateral flow assay (LFA) for brucellosis was standardized and evaluated. The test showed high diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and accuracy for diagnosis of brucellosis in bovines, small ruminants and swine. The study emphasized the importance of LFA as a useful, rapid, and easy-to-perform tool for the testing of brucellosis.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableIn this study, a total of 120 non purposive serum samples (Cows-68; Bullocks-32; Bulls-20) randomly collected from different breeds of bovine (Cross breed- 41; Indigenous- 61 and Non-descript-18) in six districts (Bargarh-40; Angul-15, Koraput-22, Boudh-14, Nayagarh-11, Jagatsinghpur-18) of Odisha by field veterinary officers during surveys from April to May 2013 were included. These samples were tested at 1:100 dilution in microscopic agglutination test (MAT) using live antigens of 14 reference leptospiral serovars in order to investigate the seroprevalence of bovine leptospirosis. The overall seroprevalence of 42.5% (51/120=CI: 95% 34.0 to 51.4) with 48.5% in cows, 28.1% in bullocks and 45.0% in bulls was observed. The overall analysis of chi-square test revealed that seroprevalance in bovine are associated with age (χ2 =5.78, p<0.10), whereas not associated with breed type and health status. Among the targeted districts, high prevalence was observed in Nayagarh (81.8%) followed by Bargarh (47.5%), Jagatsinghpur (44.4 %) and Boudh (42.8%). In general, the prevalence across the sample regions was significant (χ2 =12.45, p<0.05) indicating the prevalalence was associated with regions. Out of 51 reacted sera, 13 samples showed reactivity with more than one serovars representing 25.5%. The predominant leptospiral antibodies determined against frequency distribution of the serovars were: Australis (50.9%); Hardjo (23.5%); Canicola, Tarassovi and Kaup (7.8%); Pomona, Hurstbridge (5.9%); Bankinang, Javanica, Hebdomadis and Pyrogenes (3.9%); and Icterohaemorrhagiae, Grippotyphosa and Shermani (2.0%). This study supports that bovines may have a role in maintaining Australis serovar apart from being a well known reservoir for Hardjo serovar in Odisha state, IndiaNot Availabl

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Not AvailableLateral flow assay (LFA) for brucellosis was standardized and evaluated. The test showed high diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and accuracy for diagnosis of brucellosis in bovines, small ruminants and swine. The study emphasized the importance of LFA as a useful, rapid, and easy-to-perform tool for the testing of brucellosis.Not Availabl