EVALUASI PENERAPAN SISTEM MANAJEMEN KESELAMATAN DAN KESEHATAN KERJA PADA PENINGKATAN FASILITAS PT. TRAKINDO UTAMA BALIKPAPAN

ABSTRAKDalam mengantisipasi dan mengurangi angka kecelakaan kerja dan penyakit akibat kerja, pemerintah mewajibkan setiap perusahaan konstruksi menerapkan sistem manajemen keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja (SMK3). Menanggapi hal tersebut, dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk memahami dan mengevaluasi penerapan sistem manajemen keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja PT. Cakra Buana Megah pada peningkatan fasilitas PT. Trakindo Utama Balikpapan.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survai melalui lembar kuesioner yang dibagikan kepada 18 orang anggota Safety Healthy Executive (SHE) Committee di PT. Cakra Buana Megah lalu diolah dan disajikan dalam bentuk tabel distribusi frekuensi.Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa perusahaan telah membangun komitmen dan kebijakan K3 berdasarkan pada identifikasi bahaya penilaian resiko, telah melakukan perencanaan SMK3, pengukuran, evaluasi dan tinjauan ulang serta melakukan penerapan SMK3 dengan baik. Untuk meningkatkan pelaksanaan SMK3 agar memberikan hasil maksimal perlu sosialisasi berbagai informasi tentang SMK3 pada seluruh tenaga kerja dan dilakukan pengawasan oleh pihak manajemen atas pelaksanaan SMK3 di perusahaan.Kata kunci: kecelakaan kerja, SMK3, SHE Committe

Utilization of corn husk for tissue papermaking

The demand of tissue papers is increasing with the population increase. This will definitely increase the need of wood fibers as the main raw material. However, due to the wood shortages, there have been many attempts to use non- wood fibers as substitutes for papermaking. In Indonesia, corn production has gradually increased for the last 5 years, hence it also has an impact on the raising in the amount of corn husk waste. Corn husk has a high cellulose content which suitable to be used as a raw material for tissue papermaking. In this experiment, soda pulping process was conducted to remove out lignin. The resulting tissue paper will be added with additives that have antimicrobial properties of chitosan and mangosteen peel for the purpose of increasing the tensile strength or absorption of water. The aim of this research is to study the effect of depending variables (temperature and NaOH concentration) on chemical composition (cellulose and lignin content), and physical properties including water absorption and tensile strength.The research was started with the initial process of removing the lignin content in the pulp by pretreating delignification using the sodium hydroxide (NaOH) process with several variations in concentration (4–10%), and temperature (60–90°C) for 1.5 hours. To obtain tissue with a good physical condition, it has been influenced by the optimum chemical composition containing high cellulose and low lignin content, high tensile strength and water absorption. The optimum conditions for tissue paper in this study were at 90°C and 4% of NaOH concentration. The next step will be to vary the composition of the additive in order to obtain the effect of physical properties (tensile strength and water absorption)

Evidence and consensus-based recommendations for non-pharmacological treatment of fatigue, hand function loss, Raynaud's phenomenon, and digital ulcers in patients with systemic sclerosis

OBJECTIVE: Systemic sclerosis is a complex connective tissue disease affecting mental and physical health. Fatigue, hand function loss, and Raynaud's phenomenon are the most prevalent disease-specific symptoms of systemic sclerosis. This study aimed to develop consensus and evidence-based recommendations for non-pharmacological treatment of these symptoms. METHODS: A multidisciplinary task force was installed comprising 20 Dutch experts. After agreeing on the method for formulating the recommendations, clinically relevant questions about patient education and treatments were inventoried. During a face-to-face task force meeting, draft recommendations were generated through a systematically structured discussion, following the nominal group technique. To support the recommendations, an extensive literature search was conducted in MEDLINE and six other databases until September 2020, and 20 key systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials, and published recommendations were selected. Moreover, 13 Dutch medical specialists were consulted on non-pharmacological advice regarding Raynaud's phenomenon and digital ulcers. For each recommendation the level of evidence and the level of agreement was determined. RESULTS: Forty-one evidence and consensus-based recommendations were developed, and 34, concerning treatments and patient education of fatigue (12), hand function loss (8), and Raynaud's phenomenon/digital ulcers-related problems (14), were approved by the task force. CONCLUSIONS: These 34 recommendations provide guidance on non-pharmacological treatment of three of the most frequently described symptoms in patients with systemic sclerosis. The proposed recommendations can guide referrals to health professionals, inform the content of non-pharmacological interventions, and can be used in the development of national and international postgraduate educational offerings