Percevejo bronzeado: Thaumastocoris peregrinus.

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Viabilidade dos ovos de Thaumastocoris peregrinus (Hemiptera, Thaumastocoridae) em diferentes substratos.

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Método de criação de Thaumastocoris peregrinus (Hemiptera: Thaumastocoridae) em laboratório.

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Capacitação técnica em sanidade florestal.

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Insetos florestais de importância quarentenária para o Brasil: guia para seu reconhecimento.

Nos últimos anos, devido ao crescente intercâmbio mundial de mercadorias, a propagação de pragas em espécies florestais aumentou notavelmente, causando muitas perdas ao setor florestal. A introdução, estabelecimento e dispersão de pragas florestais são favorecidos por diversos fatores, como: presença de plantações monoespecíficas com alta densidade de plantas, plantios mal manejados, localizados em áreas inadequadas e presença de plantios clonais. Estas pragas podem ser veiculadas tanto em materiais de propagação (sementes, mudas e estacas), como em madeira. Neste caso, as madeiras utilizadas em embalagens e suporte de mercadorias, bem como aquelas utilizadas na acomodação de cargas (madeira de estiva) em diferentes meios de transporte, constituem uma via eficaz para a dispersão, ingresso e estabelecimento de pragas florestais quarentenárias, as quais podem afetar negativamente a produção e a exportação de produtos florestais. Para garantir a sanidade florestal brasileira e prevenir o ingresso de tais pragas, são necessários a fiscalização e o monitoramento constantes, principalmente nos locais de ingresso de mercadorias. Este manual tem como finalidade, auxiliar no reconhecimento de insetos florestais de importância quarentenária, contribuindo para que a constatação destes agentes seja feita imediatamente, melhorando a eficiência no controle quarentenário de pragas florestais.bitstream/item/29864/1/Insetos-florestais.pd

Evidence for a composite organic–inorganic fabric of belemnite rostra:Implications for palaeoceanography and palaeoecology

Carbonate skeletons of fossil marine organisms are widely used to reconstruct palaeoceanographic parameters. Specifically, the geochemistry of Jurassic and Cretaceous belemnite rostra is traditionally interpreted to represent near sea-surface seawater properties. More recently, an increasing number of workers, have reported significant scatter in geochemical data (e.g., δ18O, δ13C, element/Ca ratio) when comparing rostra from the same stratigraphic level or within a single belemnite rostrum. This scatter is not explained by differential diagenetic overprint alone. Here we report petrographic evidence on the primary ultrastructure of rostra of Megateuthis (Middle Jurassic) and Belemnitella and Gonioteuthis (Late Cretaceous). The biogenic ultrastructure consists of a filigree framework of triaxial branches and tetrahedrons of variable size forming a honeycomb-like network. Data presented here suggest that these rostra yielded as much as 50 to 90% primary pore space. On the level of a working hypothesis – and in analogy with modern cephalopods – we propose that the pore space was formerly filled with body fluid and/or organic compounds during the life time of these organisms. Intra-rostral porosity was post mortem occluded by earliest diagenetic isopachous calcite cements of a non-biogenic origin. These may have been precipitated due to increased alkalinity related to the decay of organic matter. If this holds true, then the resulting fabric represents a composite biogenic/abiogenic structure. In order to optically separate the two calcite phases forming a single calcite fibre, we employed a wide range of state-of-the-art analytical tools to thin sections and ultra-thin sections of well-preserved specimens. Pending a verification of these well-supported ultrastructural data by means of high-resolution geochemical analyses from biogenic and abiogenic phases, we suggest that these findings have significance for those using belemnite rostra as archives of their palaeoenvironment.</p

Impact of Nanoplastic Particles on Macrophage Inflammation and Intestinal Health in a Mouse Model of Inflammatory Bowel Disease

BACKGROUND The increasing presence of plastics in the human diet is raising public concern about the potential risks posed by nanoplastic (NP) particles, which can emerge from the degradation of plastic debris. NP ingestion poses particular risks to individuals with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), as compromised epithelial barriers may facilitate NP translocation. METHODS In vitro, bone-marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) were exposed to 25 nm polymethacrylate (PMMA) or 50 nm polystyrene (PS) particles to assess morphological changes and alterations in pro- and anti-inflammatory gene expression. In vivo, mice received PMMA NP particles for 6 months before acute dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) colitis was induced to investigate NP impacts on intestinal health and inflammation. RESULTS PMMA and PS NP exposure in BMDMs induced morphological changes indicative of a proinflammatory phenotype characterized by enlarged amoeboid cell shapes. It also triggered an inflammatory response, indicated by increased expression of proinflammatory cytokines such as Tnfa and Il6. Unexpectedly, long-term PMMA NP administration did not affect the intestinal epithelial barrier or exacerbate acute DSS-induced colitis in mice. Colonoscopy and histological analysis revealed no NP-related changes, suggesting adverse effects on intestinal health or inflammation. CONCLUSION Our findings from animal models offer some reassurance to IBD patients regarding the effects of NP ingestion. However, variations in lifestyle and dietary habits may lead to significantly higher plastic intake in certain individuals, raising concerns about potential long-term gastrointestinal effects of lifelong plastic consumption

Reconhecimento e Identificação das principais famílias de insetos de importância quarentenária associados a materiais de propagação e/ou madeira.

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Determination of Beta-Defensin Genomic Copy Number in Different Populations: A Comparison of Three Methods

There have been conflicting reports in the literature on association of gene copy number with disease, including CCL3L1 and HIV susceptibility, and β-defensins and Crohn's disease. Quantification of precise gene copy numbers is important in order to define any association of gene copy number with disease. At present, real-time quantitative PCR (QPCR) is the most commonly used method to determine gene copy number, however the Paralogue Ratio Test (PRT) is being used in more and more laboratories.In this study we compare a Pyrosequencing-based Paralogue Ratio Test (PPRT) for determining beta-defensin gene copy number with two currently used methods for gene copy number determination, QPCR and triplex PRT by typing five different cohorts (UK, Danish, Portuguese, Ghanaian and Czech) of DNA from a total of 576 healthy individuals. We found a systematic measurement bias between DNA cohorts revealed by QPCR, but not by the PRT-based methods. Using PRT, copy number ranged from 2 to 9 copies, with a modal copy number of 4 in all populations.QPCR is very sensitive to quality of the template DNA, generating systematic biases that could produce false-positive or negative disease associations. Both triplex PRT and PPRT do not show this systematic bias, and type copy number within the correct range, although triplex PRT appears to be a more precise and accurate method to type beta-defensin copy number