Effect of Fibrin Glue on the Biomechanical Properties of Human Descemet's Membrane

10.1371/journal.pone.0037456PLoS ONE75

Isolation and sequence of a tomato cDNA clone encoding subunit II of the photosystem I reaction center

We report here the isolation and nucleotide sequence of a cDNA clone encoding a phtosystem I polypeptide that is recognized by a polyclonal antibody prepared against subunit II of the photosystem I reaction center. The transit peptide processing site was determined to occur after Met 50 by N terminal sequencing. The decuced sequence of this protein predicts that the polypeptide has a net positive charge (pI=9.6) and no membrane spanning regions are evident from the hydropathy plot. Based on these considerations and the fact that subunit II is solubilized by alkali treatment of thylakoids, we concluded that subunit II is an extrinsic membrane protein. The absence of hydrophobic regions characteristic of thylakoid transfer domains furthermore implies that subunit II is localized on the stromal side of the membrane.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/43419/1/11103_2004_Article_BF00014949.pd

H2S biosynthesis and catabolism: new insights from molecular studies

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has profound biological effects within living organisms and is now increasingly being considered alongside other gaseous signalling molecules, such as nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO). Conventional use of pharmacological and molecular approaches has spawned a rapidly growing research field that has identified H2S as playing a functional role in cell-signalling and post-translational modifications. Recently, a number of laboratories have reported the use of siRNA methodologies and genetic mouse models to mimic the loss of function of genes involved in the biosynthesis and degradation of H2S within tissues. Studies utilising these systems are revealing new insights into the biology of H2S within the cardiovascular system, inflammatory disease, and in cell signalling. In light of this work, the current review will describe recent advances in H2S research made possible by the use of molecular approaches and genetic mouse models with perturbed capacities to generate or detoxify physiological levels of H2S gas within tissue

Outcomes of cartilage repair techniques for chondral injury in the hip-a systematic review.

OBJECTIVE/PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to assess the options of treatment and their related outcomes for chondral injuries in the hip based on the available evidence whilst highlighting new and innovative techniques. METHODS: A systematic review of the literature from PubMed (Medline), EMBASE, Google Scholar, British Nursing Index (BNI), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) and Allied and Complementary Medicine Database (AMED) was undertaken from their inception to March 2017 using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Clinical outcome studies, prospective/retrospective case series and case reports that described the outcome of cartilage repair technique for the chondral injury in the hip were included. Studies on total hip replacement, animal studies, basic studies, trial protocols and review articles were excluded. RESULTS: The systematic review found 21 relevant papers with 596 hips. Over 80% of the included studies were published in or after 2010. Most studies were case series or case reports (18 studies, 85.7%). Arthroscopy was used in 11 studies (52.4%). The minimum follow-up period was six months. Mean age of the participants was 37.2 years; 93.5% of patients had cartilage injuries of the acetabulum and 6.5% of them had injuries of the femoral head. Amongst the 11 techniques described in the systematic review, autologous matrix-induced chondrogenesis, osteochondral autograft transplantation and microfracture were the three frequently reported techniques. CONCLUSION: Over ten different techniques are available for cartilage repair in the hip, and most of them have good short- to medium-term outcomes. However, there are no robust comparative studies to assess superiority of one technique over another, and further research is required in this arena

Novel heparin mimics as inhibitors of HGF-induced activation of Met : design, synthesis and biological evaluation

In chapter one, hepatocyte growth factor HGF, its receptor, the tyrosine kinase Met and their biological implications are introduced, and the structure and role of the glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) heparan sulfate and heparin are described. An account of the previous work on the project is given, setting aims for this project. In chapter two, the syntheses of the two best compounds of the first generation of mimics is described, thereby resolving the structural ambiguities of those compounds. An efficient sulfation methodology is described. Docking results for the two mimics to NK1 using AutoDock Vina are reported. In chapter three, the design of a new generation of compounds is described, based on conformational restrictions: results of a virtual screen of 36 compounds are reported along with a newly written script for automated virtual screening. In chapter four, efforts towards the synthesis of 2-substituted chroman derivatives are described: an easy two-step methodology for the preparation of chroman-2-ones is described, from which a three-step sequence allows access to various 2-substituted chromans. In chapter five, efforts towards the synthesis of 3- and 4-substituted chroman derivatives are described. In chapter six, attempts to apply the 2-substituted chroman derivative prepared in chapter four to the total synthesis of erythrococcamide B are described. A new one-step methodology for the preparation of 2-allyl chroman derivatives from chroman-2-ones, via reductive allylation using EtsSiH-lnBrs-allylTMS, is reported with its application to the synthesis of Erythrococcamide B. In chapter seven, conclusions are drawn and directions for future work proposed. Roman LAGOUTTE - PhD Thesis - Salford 2010EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo

Novel heparin mimics as inhibitors of HGF-induced activation of Met : design, synthesis and biological evaluation

In chapter one, hepatocyte growth factor HGF, its receptor, the tyrosine kinase Met and theirbiological implications are introduced, and the structure and role of the glycosaminoglycans(GAGs) heparan sulfate and heparin are described. An account of the previous work on theproject is given, setting aims for this project.In chapter two, the syntheses of the two best compounds of the first generation of mimics isdescribed, thereby resolving the structural ambiguities of those compounds. An efficientsulfation methodology is described. Docking results for the two mimics to NK1 using AutoDockVina are reported.In chapter three, the design of a new generation of compounds is described, based onconformational restrictions: results of a virtual screen of 36 compounds are reported along witha newly written script for automated virtual screening.In chapter four, efforts towards the synthesis of 2-substituted chroman derivatives aredescribed: an easy two-step methodology for the preparation of chroman-2-ones is described,from which a three-step sequence allows access to various 2-substituted chromans.In chapter five, efforts towards the synthesis of 3- and 4-substituted chroman derivatives aredescribed.In chapter six, attempts to apply the 2-substituted chroman derivative prepared in chapter fourto the total synthesis of erythrococcamide B are described. A new one-step methodology forthe preparation of 2-allyl chroman derivatives from chroman-2-ones, via reductive allylationusing EtsSiH-lnBrs-allylTMS, is reported with its application to the synthesis ofErythrococcamide B.In chapter seven, conclusions are drawn and directions for future work proposed.Roman LAGOUTTE - PhD Thesis - Salford 201