78 research outputs found

    Characterization of U-Mo Foils for AFIP-7

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    Twelve AFIP in-process foil samples, fabricated by either Y-12 or LANL, were shipped from LANL to PNNL for potential characterization using optical and scanning electron microscopy techniques. Of these twelve, nine different conditions were examined to one degree or another using both techniques. For this report a complete description of the results are provided for one archive foil from each source of material, and one unirradiated piece of a foil of each source that was irradiated in the Advanced Test Reactor. Additional data from two other LANL conditions are summarized in very brief form in an appendix. The characterization revealed that all four characterized conditions contained a cold worked microstructure to different degrees. The Y-12 foils exhibited a higher degree of cold working compared to the LANL foils, as evidenced by the highly elongated and obscure U-Mo grain structure present in each foil. The longitudinal orientations for both of the Y-12 foils possesses a highly laminar appearance with such a distorted grain structure that it was very difficult to even offer a range of grain sizes. The U-Mo grain structure of the LANL foils, by comparison, consisted of a more easily discernible grain structure with a mix of equiaxed and elongated grains. Both materials have an inhomogenous grain structure in that all of the characterized foils possess abnormally coarse grains

    Materials Degradation and Detection (MD2): Deep Dive Final Report

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    An effort is underway at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) to develop a fundamental and general framework to foster the science and technology needed to support real-time monitoring of early degradation in materials used in the production of nuclear power. The development of such a capability would represent a timely solution to the mounting issues operators face with materials degradation in nuclear power plants. The envisioned framework consists of three primary and interconnected “thrust” areas including 1) microstructural science, 2) behavior assessment, and 3) monitoring and predictive capabilities. A brief state-of-the-art assessment for each of these core technology areas is discussed in the paper

    Financial Literacy in the US: A Robustness Check of the Lusardi-Mitchell Questions

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    This study tested the reliability of financial literacy measures used in previous studies based on a set of items referred to as the "Lusardi-Mitchell questions". Using a sample of 514 American adults that completed a questionnaire with fifty financial literacy items, the authors compared (1) the results from a set of multivariate regression analyses that used the Lusardi-Mitchell questions to investigate the explanatory power of financial literacy on different financial behaviors, with (2) results that used alternative financial literacy measures that differ by the topic of the items or the number of the items. The study also addressed the reverse-causality issue in an attempt to develop a measure of financial literacy that is not biased by the learning-by-doing effect that could justify the hypothesis that individual financial knowledge is the consequence (and not the cause) of financial behaviors. Results suggest that the Lusardi-Mitchell questions provide a measure of financial literacy that is close to the results obtained by the use of more sophisticated measures. In addition, the results supported the hypothesis that the main relationship between financial literacy and financial behavior sees the former affect the latter, denying the reverse causality hypothesis
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