Abelhas associadas à cultura da canola em Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil.

Resumo: A cultura da canola é visitada por uma diversidade de polinizadores, principalmente abelhas, durante sua floração. Embora estudos tenham registrado a ocorrência de espécies de abelhas na cultura, novos levantamentos podem ampliar a lista desses polinizadores associados com a canola. Por isso, este trabalho teve por objetivo conhecer as abelhas associadas à cultura da canola no município de Passo Fundo, estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Foram realizadas seis amostragens, com rede entomológica, em julho de 2015, numa área experimental da Embrapa Trigo, Passo Fundo-RS, cultivada com canola, Brassica napus L. var. oleifera, híbrido Hyola 433. Foram coletadas 1.064 abelhas, destacando-se como as mais abundantes Trigona spinipes (71,05%) e Apis mellifera (25,10%). Além disso, também foram amostrados exemplares de Bombus pauloensis, Plebeia droryana, Tetragonisca fiebrigi, Augochlora spp., Augochloropsis sp., Ceratina spp., Dialictus spp., Exomalopsis spp. e Neocorynura spp. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, a canola é visitada por numerosas espécies de abelhas. Portanto, o manejo da cultura deve evitar impactos negativos sobre esses polinizadores, seja almejando o aumento da produtividade de grãos, como a conservação da diversidade de abelhas. Abstract: A wide range of pollinators, especially bees, visit canola crops during flowering. Although studies have reported the occurrence of bee species in canola crops, new surveys may expand the list of pollinators associated with canola. The aim of this study was therefore to learn more about the bees associated with the canola crop in Passo Fundo municipality, located in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. In July 2015, six samples were taken with an entomological net in an experimental area at Embrapa Wheat, Passo Fundo-RS, cultivated with canola, Brassica napus L. var. oleifera, Hyola 433 hybrid. A total of 1064 bees were collected, of which the most abundant were Trigona spinipes (71.05%) and Apis mellifera (25.10%). In addition, specimens of Bombus pauloensis, Plebeia droryana, Tetragonisca fiebrigi, Augochlora spp., Augochloropsis sp., Ceratina spp., Dialictus spp., Exomalopsis spp., and Neocorynura spp. were also sampled. According to the results obtained, numerous bee species visit canola. Therefore, crop management may avoid negative impacts on these pollinators, both in terms of increasing grain yield and conserving the diversity of bees.Título em inglês: Bees associated with canola crops in Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil

New records of predation of Harpactorinae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) over Euglossini and Xylocopini bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Brazil.

Abstract. The predatory activities of Apiomerus duckei Costa Lima, Seabra & Hathaway, 1951, Apiomerus pilipes (Fabricius, 1787) and Apiomerus luctuosus Costa Lima, Seabra & Hathaway, 1951 (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Harpactorinae: Apiomerini) on orchid bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Apinae: Euglossini) in odoriferous traps in the influence area of Santo Antônio Hydroelectric Power Plant, Rondônia State, Brazil, and of Cosmoclopius annulosus Stål, 1872 (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Harpactorinae: Harpactorini) on the bee Ceratina rupestris Holmberg, 1884 (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Apinae: Xylocopini: Ceratinina), in an experimental area cultivated with canola in Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, are recorded by the first time. Resumen. Se registran por primera vez las actividades depredadoras de Apiomerus duckei Costa Lima, Seabra y Hathaway, 1951, Apiomerus pilipes (Fabricius, 1787) y Apiomerus luctuosus Costa Lima, Seabra y Hathaway, 1951 (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Harpactorinae: Apiomerini) sobre abejas orquídeas (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Apinae: Euglossini) en trampas odoríferas ubicadas en el área de influencia de la Central Hidroeléctrica Santo Antônio (HEP), Estado de Rondônia, Brasil, y de Cosmoclopius annulosus Stål, 1872 (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Harpactorinae: Harpactorini) sobre la abeja Ceratina rupestris Holmberg, 1884 (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Apinae: Xylocopini: Ceratinina), en un área experimental cultivada con canola en Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brasil

Stone composition of renal stone formers from different global regions

Objective: To study urinary stone composiSummary tion patterns in different populations around the world. Materials and methods: Data were collected by reviewing charts of 1204 adult patients of 10 countries with renal or ureteral stones (> 18 years) in whom a stone analysis was done and available. Any method of stone analysis was accepted, but the methodology had to be registered. Results: In total, we observed 710 (59%) patients with calcium oxalate, 31 (1%) with calcium phosphate, 161 (13%) with mixed calcium oxalate/calcium phosphate, 15 (1%) with carbapatite, 110 (9%) with uric acid, 7 (< 1%) with urate (ammonium or sodium), 100 (9%) with mixed with uric acid/calcium oxalate, 56 (5%) with struvite and 14 (1%) with cystine stones. Calcium-containing stones were the most common in all countries ranging from 43 to 91%. Oxalate stones were more common than phosphate or mixed phosphate/oxalate stones in most countries except Egypt and India. The rate of uric acid containing stones ranged from 4 to 34%, being higher in Egypt, India, Pakistan, Iraq, Poland and Bulgaria. Struvite stones occurred in less than 5% in all countries except India (23%) and Pakistan (16%). Cystine stones occurred in 1% of cases. Conclusions: The frequency of different types of urinary stones varies from country to country. Calcium-containing stones are prevalent in all countries. The frequency of uric acid containing stones seems to depend mainly on climatic factors, being higher in countries with desert or tropical climates. Dietary patterns can also lead to an increase in the frequency of uric acid containing stones in association with high obesity rates. Struvite stones are decreasing in most countries due to improved health conditions

Diversidade de abelhas na cultura da canola no Rio Grande do Sul.

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Manejo de insetos polinizadores adotado por produtores de canola do Rio Grande do Sul e do Paraná.

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Obesity rates in renal stone formers from various countries

Objective: To collect evidence on the rate of obesity in renal stone formers (RSFs) living in different climatic areas and consuming different diets. Materials and methods: Data of adult renal stone formers were retrospectively collected by members of U-merge from 13 participant centers in Argentina, Brazil, Bulgaria (2), China, India, Iraq (2), Italy (2), Nigeria, Pakistan and Poland. The following data were collected: age, gender, weight, height, stone analysis and procedure of stone removal. Results: In total, 1689 renal stone formers (1032 males, 657 females) from 10 countries were considered. Average age was 48 (±14) years, male to female ratio was 1.57 (M/F 1032/657), the average body mass index (BMI) was 26.5 (±4.8) kg/m2. The obesity rates of RSFs in different countries were significantly different from each other. The highest rates were observed in Pakistan (50%), Iraq (32%), and Brazil (32%), while the lowest rates were observed in China (2%), Nigeria (3%) and Italy (10%). Intermediate rates were observed in Argentina (17%), Bulgaria (17%), India (15%) and Poland (22%). The age-adjusted obesity rate of RSFs was higher than the age-adjusted obesity rate in the general population in Brazil, India, and Pakistan, whereas it was lower in Argentina, Bulgaria, China, Italy, and Nigeria, and similar in Iraq and Poland. Conclusions: The age-adjusted obesity rate of RSFs was not higher than the age-adjusted obesity rate of the general population in most countries. The relationship between obesity and the risk of kidney stone formation should be reconsidered by further studies carried out in different populations

The gender gap in brazilian entomology: an analysis of the academic scenario.

Although women are about half of world's population, they are underrepresented in many sectors including academia and the research scenario in general. Gender gap in Entomology has been pointed out in other publications; however, data for Brazil has never been demonstrated. Here we provide a diagnosis for the Brazilian Entomology scenario in order to contribute to propositions towards disentangling the gender gap in general. We analyzed scientometric data for Brazilian Entomology focusing on gender disparity and on personal perceptions related to the gender gap through an online questionnaire. We detected a pervasive gender bias in which the scissor-shaped curve is the most representative effect of it: women were the majority in lower degree stages but the minority in higher degree stages (permanent positions and positions of prestige and power). We also observed mentorship bias and discussed these results in light of intersectionality and the COVID-19 pandemic. Gender differences were perceived differently by the questionnaire respondents considering age, gender, and parenting. With this data and analyses, we have provided elements to stimulate and support change to a healthier and more equitable academic space