Toxic Gas Sensors and Biosensors

Используемые программы Adobe AcrobatКнига посвящена новым сенсорным материалам и их применению в окружающей среде и здравоохранении, таким как обнаружение NO2, токсичных газов и биосенсор, определение гидразина, определение уровня глюкозы и обнаружение токсинов и загрязняющих веществ на поверхностях. Рассматриваемые материалы включают каталитические наноматериалы, оксиды металлов, перовскиты, цеолиты, шпинели, газовые сенсоры на основе графена, нанокомпозиты CNT/Ni, биосенсоры глюкозы, однослойные и многослойно уложенные MXenes, черный фосфор, дихалькогениды переходных металлов и тонкие пленки P3OT.The book focuses on novel sensor materials and their environmental and healthcare applications, such as NO2 detection, toxic gas and biosensing, hydrazine determination, glucose sensing and the detection of toxins and pollutants on surfaces. Materials covered include catalytic nanomaterials, metal oxides, perovskites, zeolites, spinels, graphene-based gas sensors, CNT/Ni nanocomposites, glucose biosensors, single and multi-layered stacked MXenes, black phosphorus, transition metal dichalcogenides and P3OT thin films

Genetic analysis of SRD5A2 gene in Indian patients with 5 alpha reductase deficiency

Background. 5a-Reductase deficiency (5RD) is uncommon autosomal recessive disorder of sexual differentiation. It results from impaired conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone due to mutations in the steroid 5a-reductase type 2 gene (SRD5A2). Mutations in SRD5A2 have not been previously reported in Indian patients with 5RD. Aim: To delineate the clinical features and mutations in the SRD5A2 gene in Indian patients with 5RD. Patients and Methods: The SRD5A2 gene was sequenced in two unrelated patients with elevated testosterone/dihydrotestosterone ratio and in one patient with classical clinical features and virilization at puberty (in whom the ratio could not be measured due to prior gonadectomy). The prevalence of SRD5A2 mutations was also studied in 52 healthy ethnic control subjects by PCR-RFLP. Results: Two patients, both from the north Indian state of Uttar Pradesh, carried the homozygous missense mutation p.R246Q in exon 5. Parents of both probands were heterozygous for the mutation. The mutation was absent in 52 control subjects. The third patient, with severe perineoscrotal hypospadias and micropenis, was detected to have a novel heterozygous missense mutation p.Q56H, as well as the homozygous polymbrohism, p.V89L, both in exon 1. The p.Q56H, mutation was absent in 52 control subjects. Conclusion: p.R246Q is a common SRD5A2 mutation in 5RD patients from the Indian subcontinent. © Freund Publishing House Ltd

The Effectiveness of SGLT2 Inhibitors in CKD Patients

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors, often known as SGLT2Is, are a class of medications used largely for anti-diabetic activity in oral dose form that lowers blood glucose levels. In recent years, numerous trials have documented the use of medications for conditions including renal and cardiovascular illness that go beyond only decreasing blood sugar. Other benefits of SGLT2Is' glucose-lowering activities include slowing or halting the progression of chronic kidney disease, lowering estimated glomerular filtration rate, lowering albuminuria, improving renal and cardiovascular health, and reducing estimated glomerular filtration rate. Published clinical trials reported all of these SGLT2I effects. The studies that we reviewed for this article are the Canagliflozin CardioVascular Assessment Study (CANVAS), Canagliflozin and Renal Events in Diabetes with Established Nephropathy Clinical Evaluation (CREDENCE), Dapagliflozin and Prevention of Adverse Outcomes in Chronic Kidney Disease (DAPA - CKD) trial, Effects of SGLT2I dapagliflozin on Proteinuria in Non-Diabetic Patients with The clinical studies, SGPLT2I class of medications, and their impact on cardiovascular and renal illnesses in diabetic and non-diabetic individuals are adequately covered in this review study. Keywords: SGLT2Is, Chronic kidney disease, dapagliflozin, Canagliflozi

Efficient vapor‐phase selective hydrogenolysis of bio‐levulinic acid to γ‐valerolactone using cu supported on hydrotalcite catalysts

Abstract In this work, Cu nanoparticles (Cu NPs, 2‐20 nm) supported on Hydrotalcite catalysts exhibit enhanced selectivity for γ‐valerolactone (GVL) during hydrogenolysis of levulinic acid (LA). At 260 °C, over 3 wt% Cu achieved 87.5% of LA conversion with a maximum GVL selectivity (95%). In contrast, LA hydrogenolysis over 3Cu/Hydrotalcite catalyst is highly active and stable toward the production of GVL due to balanced acido‐basicity and higher Cu dispersion with ultrasmall particle sizes, which are investigated through the temperature programmed desorption (TPD) of ammonia, N₂O titration, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis. Hydrotalcite in combination with inexpensive Cu catalyst is found to be an efficient and environmentally benign for LA hydrogenolysis