EFFECTIVENESS OF LIGHT THERAPY ON DEPRESSION IN HOSPITALIZED MAJOR DEPRESSIVE PATIENT

ABSTRACT Introduction: The present study was carried out to explore the effectiveness of light therapy to reduce depression among hospitalized Depressive patient. Methods: Single subject (N=1) experimental design was utilized. Beck's Depression Rating Scale was administered to ascertain the level of depression. Light therapy was administered for a period of 7 consecutive days. The level of depression was assessed before and after the administration of light therapy. Results: The data was analyzed with the appropriate statistical technique. The result revealed that there was significant decrease in the level of depression after light therapy. Conclusions: This finding indicates that the light therapy has influenced in reducing the level of depression. Hence, light therapy can be adopted as effective mechanism to treat depression. Â

Multiple-spin coherence transfer in linear Ising spin chains and beyond: numerically-optimized pulses and experiments

We study multiple-spin coherence transfers in linear Ising spin chains with nearest neighbor couplings. These constitute a model for efficient information transfers in future quantum computing devices and for many multi-dimensional experiments for the assignment of complex spectra in nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. We complement prior analytic techniques for multiple-spin coherence transfers with a systematic numerical study where we obtain strong evidence that a certain analytically-motivated family of restricted controls is sufficient for time-optimality. In the case of a linear three-spin system, additional evidence suggests that prior analytic pulse sequences using this family of restricted controls are time-optimal even for arbitrary local controls. In addition, we compare the pulse sequences for linear Ising spin chains to pulse sequences for more realistic spin systems with additional long-range couplings between non-adjacent spins. We experimentally implement the derived pulse sequences in three and four spin systems and demonstrate that they are applicable in realistic settings under relaxation and experimental imperfections-in particular-by deriving broadband pulse sequences which are robust with respect to frequency offsets.Comment: 11 page

Facile and efficient one-pot multicomponent synthesis of a new class of substituted pyrimidine containing imidazoles catalyzed by ceric ammonium nitrate: Screening in vitro microbiological evaluation with various microorganisms

An effective and simple method for the one-pot synthesis of 4,6-diaryl-2-(2-aryl-4,5-diphenyl-1H-imidazol-1-yl)pyrimidines 13-24 from substituted 2-amino pyrimidine 1-12, benzil, substituted aromatic aldehyde and ammonium acetate in methanol by using ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) as catalyst has been described. This CAN catalyzed reactions are carried out at a temperature of 70-75°C and give very high yields in a lesser reaction time. All the synthesized compounds have been characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, 1H NMR 13C NMR and MS spectral data. All the newly synthesized compounds are tested for their in vitro antimicrobial activity against selected clinically isolated bacterial and fungal strains by disc diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration method

Discovery of the peculiar supernova 1998bw in the error box of GRB980425

The discovery of X-ray, optical and radio afterglows of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and the measurements of the distances to some of them have established that these events come from Gpc distances and are the most powerful photon emitters known in the Universe, with peak luminosities up to 10^52 erg/s. We here report the discovery of an optical transient, in the BeppoSAX Wide Field Camera error box of GRB980425, which occurred within about a day of the gamma-ray burst. Its optical light curve, spectrum and location in a spiral arm of the galaxy ESO 184-G82, at a redshift z = 0.0085, show that the transient is a very luminous type Ic supernova, SN1998bw. The peculiar nature of SN1998bw is emphasized by its extraordinary radio properties which require that the radio emitter expand at relativistical speed. Since SN1998bw is very different from all previously observed afterglows of GRBs, our discovery raises the possibility that very different mechanisms may give rise to GRBs, which differ little in their gamma-ray properties.Comment: Under press embargo at Nature (submitted June 10, 1998

Between text and stage: the theatrical adaptations of J.M. Coetzee’s Foe

Several of J.M. Coetzee’s novels have been adapted successfully for the stage, both as theatrical and operatic versions, but these adaptations have not received much critical attention. This article examines the ways in which Peter Glazer and Mark Wheatley have adapted Coetzee’s novel Foe (1986), resulting in two different and distinct stage productions, performed in the US and the UK respectively. In order to explore the complex relationship between the published text and the play versions, the article will ground itself in theories of adaptation, drawing extensively on work by Linda Hutcheon and Robert Stam and Alessandra Raengo. One of the key ideas in adaptation theory is that adaptive fidelity to the source text is neither possible nor desirable, but that adaptation is a more complex, multi-layered intertextual and intermedial interplay of fictional material. The article discusses the two play scripts and analyses the adaptive choices which underpin them and how these structure their meaning-making. Finally, the article also suggests that these scripts can be used to throw more light on Coetzee’s enigmatic novel.DHE

Software for the frontiers of quantum chemistry:An overview of developments in the Q-Chem 5 package

This article summarizes technical advances contained in the fifth major release of the Q-Chem quantum chemistry program package, covering developments since 2015. A comprehensive library of exchange–correlation functionals, along with a suite of correlated many-body methods, continues to be a hallmark of the Q-Chem software. The many-body methods include novel variants of both coupled-cluster and configuration-interaction approaches along with methods based on the algebraic diagrammatic construction and variational reduced density-matrix methods. Methods highlighted in Q-Chem 5 include a suite of tools for modeling core-level spectroscopy, methods for describing metastable resonances, methods for computing vibronic spectra, the nuclear–electronic orbital method, and several different energy decomposition analysis techniques. High-performance capabilities including multithreaded parallelism and support for calculations on graphics processing units are described. Q-Chem boasts a community of well over 100 active academic developers, and the continuing evolution of the software is supported by an “open teamware” model and an increasingly modular design

Norfloxacin Loaded Cubosomal Nano Dispersion as Ocular Drug Delivery for Allergic Conjunctivitis: Formulation, In-Vitro Permeation and Antibiotic Susceptibility Studies

Allergies or a bacterial or viral infection can induce allergic conjunctivitis, which is an inflammation or irritation of the conjunctiva. Major downsides include frequent instillation, fast and significant precorneal loss of medication due to drainage as well as high tear fluid turnover in commercial ophthalmic preparations. Bactericidal agent-loaded cubosomalnanodispersion with enhanced ocular permeability and retention may alleviate these limitations. Norfloxacin is an effective bactericidal agent with low permeability and solubility. Thus our research aimed to formulate and characterize Norfloxacin loaded cubosomalnanodispersionas ocular drug delivery for the enhanced therapeutic efficacy in allergic conjunctivitis. Norfloxacin loaded cubosomal dispersions were prepared by emulsification method using glyceryl mono oleate and poloxamer 407 in oil / water emulsion.The dispersions emerged as uniform dense white mixtures with no visible signs of aggregate. It was observed that cubosomes of this composition have reasonable physicochemical properties with minimum particle size and maximum encapsulation efficiency. The results of the permeation study showed that there was no lag time in NOR permeation across semipermeable membrane from the tested formulations. This may be due to the permeation enhancing effect of both GMO and P407. The permeation results reveals that F3 shown higher and sustained effect due to the permeation enhancing effect of both GMO and P407 in higher concentration and structural similarities between the bicontinuous lipid bilayer of cubosomes and cell membranes of corneal epithelium. This similarity facilitates membrane fusion and therefore allowed the direct passage of NOR into corneal cells may result from the increase in corneal permeation and ocular residence time by the effect of cubosomes. Antibiotics susceptibility study results reveled that F3 produced enhance effect against gram –ve bacteria compared to other formulations. This may be due to presence of higher concentration of drug loaded in the formulation. CONCLUSION: Norfloxacin loaded cubosomalnanodispersions were successfully prepared and characterized. The all formulation showed an optimum particle size of 23.65±0.031, polydispersity index 0.44±0.026, and zeta potential -42.37±1.015mV.In -vitro permeation study showed4-folds enhancement in permeability coefficient of NOR whencompared with that stated in the literature. Antibiotic susceptibility result showed effective inhibition of growth against gram –ve bacillus (E.Coli). Therefore, NOR-loaded cubosomesprovide a novel topical drug delivery system for conjunctivitis management. It extended the release, increased permeation and contact timeby a tremendousdecrease in the used dose. Further study such as ex-vivo corneal permeation, corneal irritancy will be needed to predict the in-vitro-in-vivo-correlation in the enhancement of bioavailability and irritant effect of NOR

AMELIORATION OF ACETAMINOPHEN-INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY USING SOLANUM TORVUM SW. FRUIT EXTRACT IN WISTAR RATS

Objective: Ayurveda and Chinese pharmacopeia have highlighted the traditional medicinal uses of Solanum torvum Sw. The fruits are ethnomedical used in the treatment of liver and spleen enlargement, cough, and also used as a hematopoietic, antimicrobial, and analgesic agent. In the present study, the amelioration of acetaminophen (APAP)-induced hepatotoxicity of the aqueous extract of S. torvum Sw. fruits is evaluated. Methods: The hepatoprotective activity of the fruit extract against APAP insult was evaluated by assessing it is in vivo antioxidants status, membrane-bound adenosine triphosphatases (ATPases), and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle marker enzymes and also through histopathological studies of the liver. Results: Administration of the aqueous fruit extract of the plant caused a significant increase in the in vivo antioxidant status as evident from the reduction in lipid peroxidation caused by APAP and improvement in the mitochondrial membrane stability which is proved from the activity of membrane-bound ATPases and TCA cycle marker enzymes. Histological studies also supported the fact that the plant extract proved to revive the architecture of the toxin damaged liver tissues in par with silymarin. The chemical pathological changes were consistent with histopathological observations suggesting marked hepatoprotective effect of the aqueous extract of S. torvum. Conclusion: The results showed that the extract of S. torvum Sw. fruits has hepatoprotective potential which may be due to the antioxidant activity of its phytoconstituents, especially flavonoids, alkaloids, phenolics, etc

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Not AvailableFuel collection is one of the most labour and time-consuming operations for rural women of developing countries. Darati is most widely used tool for cutting of fuel wood. It is generally stated that an improve Darati can reduce the drudgery during cutting of fuel wood therefore, the present study was undertaken to compare the heart rate responses of the women workers during cutting of fuel wood for which 30 physically fit women were selected from Tarai region of Uttaranchal. Physical fitness of selected samples were measured by use of wooden stool ergo meter and was found that 86.66 % of women were fell in high average of PF index. Mode of carrying the wood log was found on head and average weight carried by the respondents was fopund to be 33.45 kg. Average working heart rate was found to 140.34 with average peak heart rate of 159.96 beats/min. Average energy expenditure with traditional sickle was 13.55 Kj/min, which reduces to 12.86 Kj/min wit improved sickle. Similarly average heart rate reduces to 13.78 beats/min with improved sickle. Total time taken to perform the activity was also reduced to 152.50 min from 164.50 min/day.Not Availabl