Polymorphisms of paraoxonase 1 and 2 genes and the risk of multiple sclerosis in the Polish population

Background and purpose: The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that polymorphisms of the paraoxonase genes PON1 and PON2 may be associated with increased risk of developing multiple sclerosis (MS) in the Polish population. Material and methods: We studied the significance of the PON gene polymorphisms C311S, A162G, Q192R and L55M in 221 patients (including 145 women) with MS and in 661 healthy controls. In the MS population, mean Expanded Disability Status Scale score was 2.92, mean age was 36.8 years, and mean disease duration was 7.7 years. PON ge notyping was determined using polymerase chain reaction and restriction enzyme digestion. Results: According to our results, the PON1 and PON2 genotypes distribution did not differ between the MS patients and the controls. Conclusions: The polymorphisms of the PON genes studied are not related to increased risk of MS in the Polish population

Polimorfizmy genów paraoksonazy 1 oraz 2 jako czynnik ryzyka rozwoju stwardnienia rozsianego w populacji polskiej

Background and purpose The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that polymorphisms of the paraoxonase genes PON1 and PON2 may be associated with increased risk of developing multiple sclerosis (MS) in the Polish population. Material and methods We studied the significance of the PON gene polymorphisms C311S, A162G, Q192R and L55M in 221 patients (including 145 women) with MS and in 661 healthy controls. In the MS population, mean Expanded Disability Status Scale score was 2.92, mean age was 36.8 years, and mean disease duration was 7.7 years. PON genotyping was determined using polymerase chain reaction and restriction enzyme digestion. Results According to our results, the PON1 and PON2 genotypes distribution did not differ between the MS patients and the controls. Conclusions The polymorphisms of the PON genes studied are not related to increased risk of MS in the Polish population.Wstęp i cel pracy Celem pracy było zweryfikowanie hipotezy, że polimorfizm genów PON1 i PON2 może być związany z ryzykiem wystąpienia stwardnienia rozsianego (SR) w populacji polskiej. Materiał i metody Autorzy badali znaczenie polimorfizmu genów PON: C311S, A162G, Q192R oraz L55M, u 221 chorych na SR (w tym 145 kobiet) oraz u 661 zdrowych osób z grupy kontrolnej. W grupie chorych na SR średnia punktacja w Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) wynosiła 2,92 pkt, średnia wieku – 36,8 roku, a średni czas trwania choroby – 7,7 roku. Polimorfizm – A162G genu PON1 badano za pomocą reakcji łańcuchowej polimerazy (PCR) z analizą ilości produktu w czasie rzeczywistym, a pozostałe polimorfizmy za pomocą PCR i trawienia odpowiednimi enzymami restrykcyjnymi. Wyniki Nie stwierdzono istotnych statystycznie różnic w rozkładzie genotypów PON1 i PON2 pomiędzy grupą chorych a grupą kontrolną. Wnioski Wyniki pracy nie wskazują, aby istniała zależność pomiędzy polimorfizmem genów PON1 oraz PON2 a zwiększonym ryzykiem wystąpienia SR w populacji polskiej

The zeta potential of TachoComb and Surgicel-Fibrillar hemostatic agents in blood and alveolar bone

Wstęp. Zainteresowania autorów, zjawiskami elektrycznymi i elektrostatycznymi zachodzącymi w tkankach, narządach i płynach ustrojowych żywych organizmów oraz człowieka, od dekady pojawiają się w piśmiennictwie medycznym. Dotyczy to nie tylko wyjaśnieniu patogenezy chorób, ale również stosowanych procedur i sposobów leczenia. Cel. Celem pracy było określenie potencjału zeta, kolagenowo- fibrynowego opatrunku chirurgicznego TachoComb i preparatu utlenionej, regenerowanej celulozy Surgicel – Fibrillar, krwi i kości zębodołu. Materiał i metoda. Badania przeprowadzono w Zakładzie Ceramiki i Biomateriałów Instytutu Elektrotechniki we Wrocławiu, wykorzystując do pomiaru potencjału zeta urządzenia Zetasizer 2000 – firmy Malvern Instruments (UK). Wnioski. potencjał elektrokinetyczny w funkcji pH i funkcji temperatury obu badanych hemostatyków posiada ujemny ładunek. Potencjał zeta w funkcji pH dla TachoComb waha się od -15, 2 (+ -12)mV do -9, 8 (+ -0,9)mV, dla Surgicel-Fibrillar przyjmuje średnie wartości 17,5mV. Wartości potencjału zeta w funkcji temperatury dla TachoComb były nieco wyższe, średnio 15,9 mV, zaś dla Surgicel-Fibrillar wynosily od -16, 2 (+ - 1, 3)mV do -22, 0 (+ -1, 2)mV.Introduction. The electrical and electrostatic phenomena that take place in tissues, organs and body fluids of living organisms and man have been the issue of numerous publications in the medical literature for a decade. This applies not only to clarification of the pathogenesis of diseases but also the procedures and treatments. Aim. The aim of this study was to determine the zeta potential of collagen-fibrin TachoComb surgical dressing and oxidized regenerated cellulose Surgicel–Fibrillar preparation in blood and alveolar bone. Materials and methods. The study was conducted in Department of Ceramics and Biomaterials, Institute of Electrical Engineering in Wroclaw. The measurements of zeta potential were conducted by means of Zetasizer 2000 device pracproduced by Malvern Instruments (UK). Conclusions. The electrokinetic zeta potential of pH and temperature function in both tested haemostatic agents has negative charge. The zeta potential of pH function for TachoComb ranges from -15.2 (+ -12)mV to -9.8 (+ -0.9) mV, for Surgicel-Fibrillar the average values are 17.5mV. The values of zeta potential of temperature function for TachoComb were slightly higher, on average 15.9 mV, while for the Surgicel-Fibrillar ranged from -16.2 (+ - 1.3) to -22 mV, 0 (+ -1.2) mV

Chronotropic incompetence causes multiple organ complications in adults after the Fontan procedure

Background: Although patients undergoing the Fontan procedure (FP) present a normal or close‑to‑‑normal function of the systemic ventricle, they cannot generate cardiac output or exhibit similar exercise capacity as their healthy peers. This can be attributed to chronotropic incompetence and multiple organ complications. Aims: We evaluated the prevalence of chronotropic incompetence in adults after FP and assessed the relationship between heart rate reserve (HRR) and multiple organ complications. Methods: Data were obtained from 50 post‑FP patients (mean [SD] age, 27 [6.6] years) and 30 healthy controls matched for age and sex. All patients were subjected to clinical examination, laboratory tests, echocardiography, cardiopulmonary exercise test, and chronotropic function evaluation. Results: Cardiopulmonary exercise test parameters were impaired in the post‑FP group. Chronotropic incompetence was identified in 46 patients (92%), who also had a lower median (interquartile range) chronotropic index (0.55 [0.47–0.62] vs 0.93 [0.88–0.99]; P < 0.001) and a greater median (interquartile range) HRR (32 [24–60] bpm vs 8 [1–14] bpm, P < 0.001). A negative correlation was observed between HRR and peak oxygen uptake, and a positive one between HRR and the peak ventilatory equivalent for CO2 and mean platelet volume. The study revealed the diagnostic utility of HRR in detecting an abnormal peak ventilatory equivalent for O2, alkaline phosphatase levels, the ratio of aspartate transaminase to alanine transaminase levels, and mean platelet volume. Conclusions: Chronotropic incompetence correlates with impaired exercise capacity, liver dysfunction, and platelet abnormalities in post‑FP patients. Heart rate reserve may be a promising indicator of organ complications as well as a sign of future bradyarrhythmia and the need for cardiac pacing