Influence of different cover ratios on Gas-particle flow characteristics of a centrally-fuel-rich primary air burner: experiment and simulation

AbstractThe flow field for different cover ratios within a three-level conical ring concentrator of a centrally-fuel-rich swirl coal combustion burner has been studied both experimentally and numerically. A particle dynamics anemometer measurement system was employed in the study to measure velocity and particle volume flux after the outlet of third-level ring. And the numerical simulations were used to calculate the flow field in the conical ring region. In each cross-section, after the outlet of third-level ring, concentration ratio for each cover ratio is always larger than 2. With conical ring concentrator in the primary air tube, the coal concentration can be concentrated to a suitable range. In the cross-sections 0.5<x/D<4.0, as cover ratio increases, concentration ratio decreases and resistance coefficient increases

Can China Change Its Industrialization Path? Beyond the 2004-2005 Industrial Policy Debate in China

The chemical accident in Fujian Province in April 2015 and frequent winter smog that often covers a large number of eastern Chinese cities have resulted in policy debates similar to the one held 10 years ago. The topic of these debates is, Does China need to change its industrialization path? By reconsidering the 2004- 2005 Debate, the paper will focus on the policy content behind the controversy of economic theories and beyond, namely, the relationship between the theories and formation of policies in which stages of diversification and the M-form of Chinese governance are highlights. We conclude that China has experienced environment-forcing and state-oriented economic development paradigm shift

A method for predicting failure load of masonry wall panel based on structural stress state

This paper proposed a method for predicting failure loads of masonry wall panels subject to uniformly distributed lateral loading based on a concept of structural stress state. Firstly, the characteristics of the structural stress state of masonry wall panels subjected to uniform distributed lateral loading were investigated through experimental results. Then, a new parameter was proposed to characterize the structural stress state. Next, the relation of the failure loads between a specified base wall panels and other wall panel was established using the proposed parameter. In this way, a method (called a ST method) based on a structural stress state parameter to predict the failure load of masonry wall panel from the base wall panel was established. The following case studies validated the ST method by comparing the predicted failure load with the experimental results, as well as those predicted from the existing yield line theory (YLT), the FEA method and the GSED-based cellular automata (CA) method. The ST method provided an innovative way of structural analysis on the basis of structural stress state

Lotus japonicus Nodulates and Fixes Nitrogen with the Broad Host Range Rhizobium sp. NGR234

Lotus japonicus possesses major advantages as a model legume for the study of plant-microbe interactions. The relative absence of genetic information on its normal microbial partner (i.e., Mesorhizobium loti) could limit its utility in research. Here we show for the first time that the broad host range Rhizobium strain NGR234 nodulates and fixes nitrogen in symbiosis with Lotus japonicus ecotypes "Gifu” and "Funakura”. We demonstrate that bacterial mutants deficient in nodulation or nitrogen fixation possess the expected phenotype with L.japonicus. Nodulation of L.japonicus was sensitive to nitrate. Vermiculite was an efficient synthetic growth substrate, allowing axenic growth in Magenta jars. The genetic analysis of the Lotus japonicus-Mesorhizobium interaction should be accelerated through the use of this well-defined microsymbion

Numerical Built-In Method for the Nonlinear JRC/JCS Model in Rock Joint

The joint surface is widely distributed in the rock, thus leading to the nonlinear characteristics of rock mass strength and limiting the effectiveness of the linear model in reflecting characteristics. The JRC/JCS model is the nonlinear failure criterion and generally believed to describe the characteristics of joints better than other models. In order to develop the numerical program for JRC/JCS model, this paper established the relationship between the parameters of the JRC/JCS and Mohr-Coulomb models. Thereafter, the numerical implement method and implementation process of the JRC/JCS model were discussed and the reliability of the numerical method was verified by the shear tests of jointed rock mass. Finally, the effect of the JRC/JCS model parameters on the shear strength of the joint was analyzed