Extraosseous (extramedullary) plasmacytomas: a clinicopathologic and immunophenotypic study of 32 Chinese cases

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Extraosseous plasmacytoma, so called extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) is relatively rare in China. The aim was investigate the clinicopathologic features of EMP and the role of Immunophenotype and genotype detection in diagnosis of EMP.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Thirty-two cases of EMP were investigated retrospectively by histopathology, immunophenotype, genotype and survival analysis.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Clinically, the mean age of the patients was 53.4. Most of the patients received no treatment after the diagnosis was established, and the prognosis was relatively poor. Histologically, in 40% of the cases, the neoplastic cells were grade II or III. The neoplastic cells expressed one or more PC associated antigens. The immunophenotype of EMP and inflammation of sinonasal regions with numerous PC infiltrations were compared and showed some difference in expression of CD45, CD27, CD44v6 and Bcl-2 as well. Ig light chain restriction was detected in 87.5% of the cases.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>we described 32 Chinese cases of EMP, compare with that reported in the literature, some differences are presented, including higher percentage of grade II and III cases, clinically inconsistent treatment and management as well as poor outcome of the disease.</p

合唱活动对中老年的健康促进

Objective: Assessment of chorus activity on elderly health promotion in the level of immunity, cardiopulmonary function and mental health. Methods: 3 groups of related data within 68 members in the chorus before training, training for 6 months and 12 months were counted and analyzed by computer analysis software. Compared with 50 cases of the same age group, that was collected at the same period, about data at 3 stages. Results: The average data of three phases of chorus is: immune level (CD4): 662.38, 761.22, 764.15, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF): 61.11, 61.13, 62.66, short axial shortening rate (FS): 32.61, 32.88, 33.65, lung function tidal volume (TV):1.06, 1.18, 1.16, forced vital capacity (FVC): 2.76, 2.85, 2.95, 1s forced expiratory volume (FEV1): 2.31, 2.42, 2.55, 1s rate (FEV1/FVC): 83.69, 84.91, 86.44, the chase volume (MVV is): 83.25, 81.11, 81.93, mental health score values 124.44, 125.67, 126.22, in addition to that, the TV, MVV and mental health score (SF - 36) did not change outside, other indicators, including the CD4, LVEF, FS, FVC, FEV and FEV1/FVC all have different degrees of ascension. Among them, the CD4 in training after 6 months improved obviously, little change after 12 months. Cardiac function index: EF and FS were improved after training 12 months. Lung function, FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC are ascending after training for 6 months and for 12 months. The average data of three phases)of the other group is: immune level (CD4) : 660.24, 661.85, 661.32, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF): 61.33, 61.28, 61.31, short axial shortening rate (FS): 32.55, 32.38, 32.46, lung function tidal volume (TV): 1.16, 1.17, 1.16，forced vital capacity (FVC): 2.74, 2.76, 2.76, 1s forced expiratory volume (FEV1): 2.30, 2.31, 2.30,1s rate (FEV1/FVC): 83.94, 83.69, 83.33, the chase volume (MVV is): 83.35, 82.49, 83.06, mental health score values 125.31, 124.86, 124.93. No changes were found in all measurement data of all 3 stages in the other group. Conclusions: The scientific, reasonable and continued chorus training has different degrees of help for raising the level of immune, improving cardiopulmonary function and raising the level of overall health to elderly.目的  评估合唱活动对中老年人群在机体免疫水平、心肺功能及心理健康等方面的促进作用。方法  运用计算机分析软件，对某中老年合唱团68名成员在合唱训练前（第一阶段）、训练6个月（第二阶段）、训练12个月后（第三阶段）所采集的3组数据进行回顾性同比统计分析，并与同期50例同年龄段人群采集的3阶段数据进行比对。结果  合唱团三阶段3组数据各自平均值的变化如下：机体免疫水平（CD4）：662.38、761.22、764.15；心功能左室射血分数（LVEF）值：61.11、61.13、62.66；短轴缩短率（FS）值：32.61、32.88、33.65；肺功能潮气量（TV）值：1.16、1.18、1.16；用力肺活量（FVC）值：2.76、2.85、2.95，第1秒用力呼气容量（FEV1）值：2.31、2.42、2.55，1s率（FEV1/FVC）值：83.69、84.91、86.44；最大通气量（MVV）值：83.25、81.11、81.93；心理健康评分值124.44、125.67、126.22。该组数据除了TV、MVV和健康调查简表（SF-36）没有变化外，其他指标，包括CD4、LVEF、FS、FVC、FEV1和FEV1/FVC均有不同程度的提升。其中，CD4在训练6月后提升明显，第三阶段变化不大。心功能指标：LVEF和FS则在训练12个月后才有提高。肺功能FVC、FEV1和FEV1/FVC则在训练6个月、12个月两个阶段均有提升。非合唱组3阶段3组数据各自平均值的变化如下：CD4：660.24、661.85、661.32；LVEF：61.33、61.28、61.31；FS：32.55、32.38、32.46；TV：1.16、1.17、1.16；FVC：2.74、2.76、2.76；FEV1：2.30、2.31、2.30；FEV1/FVC：83.94、83.69、83.33；MVV：83.35、82.49、83.06；心理健康评分值125.31、124.86、124.93。该组所有测数据3阶段比对均无明显变化。结论  科学、合理、持续的合唱训练，对中老年免疫水平的提高、心肺功能的改善和整体健康水平的提高有着不同程度的帮助

Subtype distribution of lymphomas in Southwest China: Analysis of 6,382 cases using WHO classification in a single institution

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The subtype distribution of lymphoid neoplasms in Southwest China was analyzed according to WHO classifications. This study aims to analyze subtype distribution of lymphomas in southwest China.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Lymphoid neoplasms diagnosed within 9 years in a single institution in Southwest China were analyzed according to the WHO classification.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>From January 2000 to December 2008, a total number of 6,382 patients with lymphoma were established, of which mature B-cell neoplasms accounted for 56%, mature T- and NK-cell neoplasms occupied 26%, and precursor lymphoid neoplasms and Hodgkin lymphomas were 5% and 13%, respectively. Mixed cellularity (76%) was the major subtype of classical Hodgkin lymphoma; and the bimodal age distribution was not observed. The top six subtypes of non-Hodgkin lymphoma were as follows: diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type, extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa associated lymphoid tissue, follicular lymphoma, precursor lymphoid neoplasms, and chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma. Extranodal lymphomas comprised about half of all cases, and most frequently involved Waldeyer's ring, gastrointestinal tract, sinonasal region and skin.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The lymphoid neoplasms of Southwest China displayed some epidemiologic features similar to those reported in literature from western and Asian countries, as well as other regions of China, whereas some subtypes showed distinct features. The high frequency of mature T/NK cell neoplasms and extranodal lymphomas, especially for extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type, is the most outstanding characteristic of this series.</p

Electrocrystallization of Pd-Ni Alloys on Glassy Carbon Electrode

Using the Scharifker and Hills model and Heerman and Tarallo model, cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry were used to study the nucleation mechanism upon the electrodeposition of a Pd-Ni alloy from an electrolyte. The results show that the electrodeposition of the Pd-Ni alloy onto glassy carbon electrode consisted of nucleation and growth, and the nucleation process according to the Scharifker and Hills model follows three dimension-progressive nucleation, which is controlled by the diffusion of the electroactive species. By applying the Heerman and Tarallo model, the kinetic parameters associated with the crystal nucleation and growth processes were obtained. The nucleation rate constant and the density of active nucleation sites increased from 0.83 to 7.71 s(-1) and from 2.77x10(4) to 7.09x10(4) cm(-2), respectively, as the step potential was changed from -0.85 to -0.92 V ( vs SCE).National Natural Science Foundation of China[20873114, 20833005]; National Key Basic Research Program of China[2009CB930703

Apolipoprotein B is associated with metabolic syndrome in Chinese families with familial combined hyperlipidemia, familial hypertriglyceridemia and familial hypercholesterolemia

Abstract There is a paucity of data concerning the metabolic syndrome (MetS) in families with familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCHL), familial hypertriglyceridemia (FHTG), familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) and normolipidemic families in China. This study investigated the prevalence of MetS in these families and explored potential factors relevant to MetS. We recruited 70 families with 560 individuals ≥ 20 years of age, including 43 FCHL families with 379 individuals, 3 FHTG families with 30 individuals, 16 FH families with 102 individuals and 8 normolipidemic families with 49 individuals. The definition of MetS is determined using modified criteria of National Cholesterol Education Program substituting body mass index for waist circumference. MetS is identified in 60.7% of FCHL patients and 71.4% of FHTG patients. The prevalence of MetS in family members is 36.7% for FCHL, 33.3% for FHTG, 17.6% for FH and 16.3% for normolipidemic families, with an odds ratio (OR) of 2.97 (95% CI 1.29-7.07, P = 0.007) in FCHL families compared with normolipidemic families. Apolipoprotein B (apoB) is associated with MetS by multiple logistic analysis with an OR of 1.05 (1.03-1.07, P &lt; 0.001) in FCHL families, OR of 1.26 (1.03-1.55, P = 0.026) in FHTG and OR of 1.07 (1.01-1.12, P = 0.014) in FH families, independent of variables including age, gender, apolipoprotein A1, and low density lipoprotein cholesterol. Apolipoprotein A1 provided an OR of 0.95 (0.94-0.97, P &lt; 0.001) in FCHL families and OR of 0.94 (0.90-0.97, P = 0.011) in FH families, but neither in FHTG nor in normolipidemic families (both P &gt; 0.05). Thus, apoB may be regarded as a relevant factor in the assessment of MetS in FCHL, FHTG and FH families. However, this finding needs to be verified by prospective studies in diverse ethnicities and warrants additional studies to elucidate possible mechanisms linking apoB to MetS

Genetic Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (GSNPs) in the DNA Repair Genes and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Related to Aflatoxin B1 among Guangxiese Population

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is an important environmental carcinogen for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HCC is a complex disease likely resulting from genetic single nucleotide polymorphisms (GSNPs) of multiple interacting genes and gene-environment interactions. Recent efforts have been made to analyze the associations between risk of this malignancy and GSNPs in genes involved in the repair of DNA damage induced by AFB1. Here, we reviewed the results of published case-control studies that have examined the effects of common alleles of all susceptible DNA repair genes, including XRCC1, XRCC3, XRCC4, XRCC7, XPC, and XPD, on risk of AFB1-related HCC among Guangxi population. Statistically significant differences in genotype frequencies found in case-control comparisons were rs25487, rs80309960, rs861539, rs7003908, rs28383151, rs3734091, rs13181, and rs2228001 polymorphism. The overall effects of these GNSPs were moderate in terms of relative risk, with ORs ranging from 2 to 10. Furthermore, some evidence of the interaction of GSNPs in DNA repair genes and AFB1 exposure modulate risk of this cancer was also found, although the results require confirmation with larger sample size studies

Antithrombin III Alleviates Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Inhibiting Excessive Autophagy in a Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase/Akt-Dependent Manner

Autophagy is fundamental to myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Antithrombin III (AT) has been shown to protect cardiomyocytes against I/R injury; however, it is unknown whether it modulates autophagy. The objective of this study was to investigate whether AT regulates autophagy during I/R injury and, if so, to identify the potential mechanism involved. Our study showed that AT attenuated I/R injury in vivo and hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury in vitro. Autophagy was increased both in H9C2 cardiomyocytes during H/R injury and in mouse hearts following I/R injury. The stimulation of autophagy by rapamycin attenuated the protective effect of AT against H9C2 cell injury, indicating that autophagy is involved in the protective role of AT. Furthermore, the cardioprotective effects of AT were abolished by A6730, a specific Akt inhibitor. This study shows that AT exhibits cardioprotective effects by modulating autophagy during I/R injury in a phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt-dependent manner

Biomarkers for Early Diagnostic of Mild Cognitive Impairment in Type-2 Diabetes Patients: A Multicentre, Retrospective, Nested Case–Control Study

AbstractBackgroundBoth type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are common age-associated disorders and T2DM patients show an increased risk to suffer from AD, however, there is currently no marker to identify who in T2DM populations will develop AD. Since glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) activity, ApoE genotypes and olfactory function are involved in both T2DM and AD pathogenesis, we investigate whether alterations of these factors can identify cognitive impairment in T2DM patients.MethodsThe cognitive ability was evaluated using Minimum Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR), and the mild cognitive impairment (MCI) was diagnosed by Petersen's criteria. GSK-3β activity in platelet, ApoE genotypes in leucocytes and the olfactory function were detected by Western/dot blotting, the amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS) PCR and the Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Center (CCCRC) test, respectively. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) of the biomarkers for MCI diagnosis were calculated by logistic regression. The diagnostic capability of the biomarkers was evaluated by receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analyses.FindingsWe recruited 694 T2DM patients from Jan. 2012 to May. 2015 in 5 hospitals (Wuhan), and 646 of them met the inclusion criteria and were included in this study. 345 patients in 2 hospitals were assigned to the training set, and 301 patients in another 3 hospitals assigned to the validation set. Patients in each set were randomly divided into two groups: T2DM without MCI (termed T2DM-nMCI) or with MCI (termed T2DM-MCI). There were no significant differences for sex, T2DM years, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, coronary disease, complications, insulin treatment, HbA1c, ApoE ε2, ApoE ε3, tGSK3β and pS9GSK3β between the two groups. Compared with the T2DM-nMCI group, T2DM-MCI group showed lower MMSE score with older age, ApoE ε4 allele, higher olfactory score and higher rGSK-3β (ratio of total GSK-3β to Ser9-phosphorylated GSK-3β) in the training set and the validation set. The OR values of age, ApoE ε4 gene, olfactory score and rGSK-3β were 1.09, 2.09, 1.51, 10.08 in the training set, and 1.06, 2.67, 1.47, 7.19 in the validation set, respectively. The diagnostic accuracy of age, ApoE ε4 gene, olfactory score and rGSK-3β were 0.76, 0.72, 0.66, 0.79 in the training set, and 0.70, 0.68, 0.73, 0.79 in the validation set, respectively. These four combined biomarkers had the area under the curve (AUC) of 82% and 86%, diagnostic accuracy of 83% and 81% in the training set and the validation set, respectively.InterpretationAging, activation of peripheral circulating GSK-3β, expression of ApoE ε4 and increase of olfactory score are diagnostic for the mild cognitive impairment in T2DM patients, and combination of these biomarkers can improve the diagnostic accuracy

Electric-field-induced selective catalysis of single-molecule reaction

随着单分子电学检测技术的迅速发展，分子电子学的研究不再局限于分子电子学器件的构筑及其电学性质的测量，而且扩展到单分子尺度化学反应过程的探索。然而目前相关的研究仍然局限于理论计算方面，在单分子尺度上实时监测和调控化学反应的活性和选择性是化学领域的长期目标和挑战。针对这一挑战，洪文晶教授课题组与程俊教授课题组合作，自主研发了精密科学仪器，将单个有机分子定向连接在两个末端尺寸为原子级的电极之间，解决了化学反应中分子取向控制的问题.理论计算结果证实了定向电场可以有效地稳定化学反应的过渡态，从而降低反应能垒。该研究工作在化学化工学院洪文晶教授、程俊教授、能源材料化学协同创新中心（iChEM）刘俊扬副研究员的共同指导下完成，由硕士研究生黄晓艳、iChEM博士研究生唐淳、博士研究生李洁琼以及兰州大学的陈力川博士作为共同第一作者，化学化工学院师佳副教授、陈招斌高级工程师、夏海平教授和田中群教授，萨本栋微纳研究院杨扬副教授、环境与生态学院白敏冬教授以及兰州大学张浩力教授参与了研究工作的讨论并给予指导，博士后乐家波、博士研究生郑珏婷、张佩（已毕业）、李瑞豪、李晓慧也参与了研究工作。Oriented external electric fields (OEEFs) offer a unique chance to tune catalytic selectivity by orienting the alignment of the electric field along the axis of the activated bond for a specific chemical reaction; however, they remain a key experimental challenge. Here, we experimentally and theoretically investigated the OEEF-induced selective catalysis in a two-step cascade reaction of the Diels-Alder addition followed by an aromatization process. Characterized by the mechanically controllable break junction (MCBJ) technique in the nanogap and confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) in bottles, OEEFs are found to selectively catalyze the aromatization reaction by one order of magnitude owing to the alignment of the electric field on the reaction axis. Meanwhile, the Diels-Alder reaction remained unchanged since its reaction axis is orthogonal to the electric fields. This orientation-selective catalytic effect of OEEFs reveals that chemical reactions can be selectively manipulated through the elegant alignment between the electric fields and the reaction axis.This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFA0204902), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21722305, 21703188, 21673195, 21621091, 51733004, 51525303, and 91745103), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2017M622060), and the Young Thousand Talents Project of China. 该工作得到国家自然科学基金委（21722305、21703188、21673195、51733004、51525303、91745103），国家重点研发计划课题（2017YFA0204902），中国博士后面上基金（2017M622060）的资助，以及固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室、醇醚酯化工清洁生产国家工程实验室、能源材料化学协同创新中心的支持