6 research outputs found

    Unique molecular and functional features of extramedullary hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell reservoirs in humans

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    Rare hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) pools outside the bone marrow (BM) contribute to blood production in stress and disease but remain ill-defined. Although non-mobilized peripheral blood (PB) is routinely sampled for clinical management, the diagnosis and monitoring potential of PB HSPCs remains untapped, as no healthy PB HSPC baseline has been reported. Here we comprehensively delineate human extramedullary HSPC compartments comparing spleen, PB and mobilized PB (mPB) to BM using single-cell RNA-seq and/or functional assays. We uncover HSPC features shared by extramedullary tissues and others unique to PB. First, in contrast to actively dividing BM HSPCs, we find no evidence of substantial ongoing hematopoiesis in extramedullary tissues at steady state, but report increased splenic HSPC proliferative output during stress erythropoiesis. Second, extramedullary stem cells/multipotent progenitors (HSC/MPPs) from spleen, PB and mPB share a common transcriptional signature and increased abundance of lineage-primed subsets compared to BM. Third, healthy PB HSPCs display a unique bias towards erythroid-megakaryocytic differentiation. At HSC/MPP level, this is functionally imparted by a subset of phenotypic CD71+ HSC/MPPs, exclusively producing erythrocytes and megakaryocytes, highly abundant in PB but rare in other adult tissues. Finally, the unique erythroid-megakaryocytic-skewing of PB is perturbed with age, in essential thrombocythemia and in beta-thalassemia. Collectively, we identify extramedullary lineage-primed HSPC reservoirs that are non-proliferative in situ and report involvement of splenic HSPCs during demand-adapted hematopoiesis. Our data also establish aberrant composition and function of circulating HSPCs as potential clinical indicators of BM dysfunction

    Unique molecular and functional features of extramedullary hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell reservoirs in humans.

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    Rare hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) pools outside the bone marrow (BM) contribute to blood production in stress and disease but remain ill-defined. Although nonmobilized peripheral blood (PB) is routinely sampled for clinical management, the diagnosis and monitoring potential of PB HSPCs remain untapped, as no healthy PB HSPC baseline has been reported. Here we comprehensively delineate human extramedullary HSPC compartments comparing spleen, PB, and mobilized PB to BM using single-cell RNA-sequencing and/or functional assays. We uncovered HSPC features shared by extramedullary tissues and others unique to PB. First, in contrast to actively dividing BM HSPCs, we found no evidence of substantial ongoing hematopoiesis in extramedullary tissues at steady state but report increased splenic HSPC proliferative output during stress erythropoiesis. Second, extramedullary hematopoietic stem cells/multipotent progenitors (HSCs/MPPs) from spleen, PB, and mobilized PB share a common transcriptional signature and increased abundance of lineage-primed subsets compared with BM. Third, healthy PB HSPCs display a unique bias toward erythroid-megakaryocytic differentiation. At the HSC/MPP level, this is functionally imparted by a subset of phenotypic CD71+ HSCs/MPPs, exclusively producing erythrocytes and megakaryocytes, highly abundant in PB but rare in other adult tissues. Finally, the unique erythroid-megakaryocytic-skewing of PB is perturbed with age in essential thrombocythemia and β-thalassemia. Collectively, we identify extramedullary lineage-primed HSPC reservoirs that are nonproliferative in situ and report involvement of splenic HSPCs during demand-adapted hematopoiesis. Our data also establish aberrant composition and function of circulating HSPCs as potential clinical indicators of BM dysfunction

    TGFβ signalling is required to maintain pluripotency of human naïve pluripotent stem cells.

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    Funder: Cambridge Hospitals National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research CenterFunder: Gates Cambridge TrustFunder: Department of HealthThe signalling pathways that maintain primed human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) have been well characterised, revealing a critical role for TGFβ/Activin/Nodal signalling. In contrast, the signalling requirements of naive human pluripotency have not been fully established. Here, we demonstrate that TGFβ signalling is required to maintain naive hPSCs. The downstream effector proteins - SMAD2/3 - bind common sites in naive and primed hPSCs, including shared pluripotency genes. In naive hPSCs, SMAD2/3 additionally bind to active regulatory regions near to naive pluripotency genes. Inhibiting TGFβ signalling in naive hPSCs causes the downregulation of SMAD2/3-target genes and pluripotency exit. Single-cell analyses reveal that naive and primed hPSCs follow different transcriptional trajectories after inhibition of TGFβ signalling. Primed hPSCs differentiate into neuroectoderm cells, whereas naive hPSCs transition into trophectoderm. These results establish that there is a continuum for TGFβ pathway function in human pluripotency spanning a developmental window from naive to primed states

    Blood and immune development in human fetal bone marrow and Down syndrome.

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    Haematopoiesis in the bone marrow (BM) maintains blood and immune cell production throughout postnatal life. Haematopoiesis first emerges in human BM at 11-12 weeks after conception1,2, yet almost nothing is known about how fetal BM (FBM) evolves to meet the highly specialized needs of the fetus and newborn. Here we detail the development of FBM, including stroma, using multi-omic assessment of mRNA and multiplexed protein epitope expression. We find that the full blood and immune cell repertoire is established in FBM in a short time window of 6-7 weeks early in the second trimester. FBM promotes rapid and extensive diversification of myeloid cells, with granulocytes, eosinophils and dendritic cell subsets emerging for the first time. The substantial expansion of B lymphocytes in FBM contrasts with fetal liver at the same gestational age. Haematopoietic progenitors from fetal liver, FBM and cord blood exhibit transcriptional and functional differences that contribute to tissue-specific identity and cellular diversification. Endothelial cell types form distinct vascular structures that we show are regionally compartmentalized within FBM. Finally, we reveal selective disruption of B lymphocyte, erythroid and myeloid development owing to a cell-intrinsic differentiation bias as well as extrinsic regulation through an altered microenvironment in Down syndrome (trisomy 21)

    La transformación de las comunidades desde los procesos educativos: Sistematización de experiencias de proyección social de UNIMINUTO en los territorios.

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    Desde la función sustantiva de la proyección social, tal como se declara en sus lineamientos generales, la institución le apuesta a la generación de un nuevo conocimiento a partir de las experiencias que se dinamizan desde las diferentes estrategias que la configuran. Como es propio de UNIMINUTO, este conocimiento que se genera regresa al aula como una forma de nutrir el trabajo con los estudiantes y, por lo tanto, enriquece la docencia, pero también genera nuevas dinámicas en la interacción con las comunidades. Se trata de darle relevancia a la proyección social y de aprovechar cada escenario para dialogar con la docencia y la investigación desde el territorio, con el fin de enriquecerlas y ampliar las posibilidades formativas de los estudiantes, estableciendo una conversación permanente con la realidad para comprenderla en diálogo con la academia. Dicho conocimiento es reconocido y visibilizado en el ejercicio de la sistematización, concebida como una modalidad de investigación social. Todos estos elementos, vistos en conjunto, demuestran la posibilidad tangible de integrar las tres funciones sustantivas: la docencia, la investigación y, desde luego, la proyección social. De esta manera, UNIMINUTO y la Dirección General de Proyección Social apuestan por un ejercicio investigativo riguroso desde la sistematización de experiencias que dan cuenta de procesos de proyección en diversas partes del territorio nacional, con resultados y procesos que transforman la vida de las personas y las comunidades

    La transformación de las comunidades desde los procesos educativos: Sistematización de experiencias de proyección social de UNIMINUTO en los territorios.

    No full text
    Desde la función sustantiva de la proyección social, tal como se declara en sus lineamientos generales, la institución le apuesta a la generación de un nuevo conocimiento a partir de las experiencias que se dinamizan desde las diferentes estrategias que la configuran. Como es propio de UNIMINUTO, este conocimiento que se genera regresa al aula como una forma de nutrir el trabajo con los estudiantes y, por lo tanto, enriquece la docencia, pero también genera nuevas dinámicas en la interacción con las comunidades. Se trata de darle relevancia a la proyección social y de aprovechar cada escenario para dialogar con la docencia y la investigación desde el territorio, con el fin de enriquecerlas y ampliar las posibilidades formativas de los estudiantes, estableciendo una conversación permanente con la realidad para comprenderla en diálogo con la academia. Dicho conocimiento es reconocido y visibilizado en el ejercicio de la sistematización, concebida como una modalidad de investigación social. Todos estos elementos, vistos en conjunto, demuestran la posibilidad tangible de integrar las tres funciones sustantivas: la docencia, la investigación y, desde luego, la proyección social. De esta manera, UNIMINUTO y la Dirección General de Proyección Social apuestan por un ejercicio investigativo riguroso desde la sistematización de experiencias que dan cuenta de procesos de proyección en diversas partes del territorio nacional, con resultados y procesos que transforman la vida de las personas y las comunidades
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