Draft Genome Sequence of Ligilactobacillus salivarius TUCO-L2, Isolated from Lama glama Milk

Ligilactobacillus salivarius TUCO-L2 was isolated from llama milk in Bio-Bio, Chile, and sequenced with the Illumina MiSeq platform. TUCO-L2 genome sequencing revealed a genome size of 1,600,747 bp with 1,691 protein-coding genes and a GC content of 33%. This draft genome sequence will contribute to a better understanding of the microbiome of llama milk.Fil: Albarracín, Leonardo Miguel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos; ArgentinaFil: Quilodrán Vega, Sandra. Universidad de Concepción; ChileFil: Fukuyama, Kohtaro. Tohoku University; JapónFil: Tomokiyo, Mikado. Tohoku University; JapónFil: Islam, M. Aminul. Tohoku University; JapónFil: Arce, Lorena Paola. Tohoku University; JapónFil: Kitazawa, Haruki. Tohoku University; JapónFil: Villena, Julio Cesar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos; Argentina. Tohoku University; Japó

Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Strains Modulate Intestinal Innate Immune Response and Increase Resistance to Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Infection

Currently, probiotic bacteria with not transferable antibiotic resistance represent a sustainable strategy for the treatment and prevention of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) in farm animals. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum is among the most versatile species used in the food industry, either as starter cultures or probiotics. In the present work, the immunobiotic potential of L. plantarum CRL681 and CRL1506 was studied to evaluate their capability to improve the resistance to ETEC infection. In vitro studies using porcine intestinal epithelial (PIE) cells and in vivo experiments in mice were undertaken. Expression analysis indicated that both strains were able to trigger IL-6 and IL-8 expression in PIE cells in steady-state conditions. Furthermore, mice orally treated with these strains had significantly improved levels of IFN-γ and TNF-α in the intestine as well as enhanced activity of peritoneal macrophages. The ability of CRL681 and CRL1506 to beneficially modulate intestinal immunity was further evidenced in ETEC-challenge experiments. In vitro, the CRL1506 and CRL681 strains modulated the expression of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6) and chemokines (IL-8, CCL2, CXCL5 and CXCL9) in ETEC-stimulated PIE cells. In vivo experiments demonstrated the ability of both strains to beneficially regulate the immune response against this pathogen. Moreover, the oral treatment of mice with lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains significantly reduced ETEC counts in jejunum and ileum and prevented the spread of the pathogen to the spleen and liver. Additionally, LAB treated-mice had improved levels of intestinal IL-10 both at steady state and after the challenge with ETEC. The protective effect against ETEC infection was not observed for the non-immunomodulatory TL2677 strain. Furthermore, the study showed that L. plantarum CRL1506 was more efficient than the CRL681 strain to modulate mucosal immunity highlighting the strain specific character of this probiotic activity. Our results suggest that the improved intestinal epithelial defenses and innate immunity induced by L. plantarum CRL1506 and CRL681 would increase the clearance of ETEC and at the same time, protect the host against detrimental inflammation. These constitute valuable features for future probiotic products able to improve the resistance to ETEC infection.Fil: Baillo, Ayelen Antonella. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos; ArgentinaFil: Villena, Julio Cesar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos; Argentina. Tohoku University; JapónFil: Albarracín, Leonardo Miguel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos; ArgentinaFil: Tomokiyo, Mikado. Tohoku University; JapónFil: Elean, Mariano Daniel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos; ArgentinaFil: Fukuyama, Kohtaro. Tohoku University; JapónFil: Quilodrán Vega, Sandra. Universidad de Concepción; ChileFil: Fadda, Silvina G.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos; ArgentinaFil: Kitazawa, Haruki. Tohoku University; Japó

Avaliação da Sinergia da Atividade Antimicrobiana de Cepas de Bactérias Láticas Contra Patógenos

One of the most notable biological properties attributed to probiotics is their antimicrobial activity. Probiotics research has traditionally been focused on single strains, however, probiotic strains combinations can have a broader spectrum of action or synergistic effects, enhancing their protective action. The objective of this research was to evaluate the synergistic effect of lactic acid bacteria isolated from breast milk of different origins on the inhibition of bacterial pathogens of importance in human and animal medicine. Combinations of seven strains of lactic acidbacteria paired together were used and their inhibitory effect on bacterial pathogens Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Salmonella enterica ATCC 13076, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 13883, Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC 19606 and an enterohemorragic E. coli strain was investigated. The combination TUCO-5E + TUCO-L2 was the most effective in inhibiting the growth of all pathogens evaluated, highlighting its effect on K. pneumoniae y A. baumannii. Five of the evaluated combinations showed synergistic effects in the inhibition of extraintestinal pathogens: a) a synergistic effect was observed between strains TUCO-5E + TUCO-L2 for the inhibition of K. pneumoniae and A. baumannii, b) synergistic effect for TUCO-5E + TUCO-2, TUCO-5 + TUCO-2, and TUCO-3 + TUCO-17 on K. pneumoniae and, c) synergistic effect for TUCO-16 + TUCO-17 on A. baumannii. The combinations that showed synergy in the antimicrobial effect are good candidates for the development of multistrain probiotics for the prevention and treatment of specific bacterial infectionsUna de las propiedades biológicas más notables atribuidas a los probióticos es su actividad antimicrobiana. La investigación sobre probióticos se ha centrado tradicionalmente en cepas individuales,  sin embargo, las combinaciones de cepas probióticas pueden tener un espectro de acción más amplio o efectos sinérgicos, potenciando su acción protectora. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar efecto sinérgico de cepas de bacterias lácticas aisladas de leche materna de diferentes orígenes sobre la inhibición de patógenos bacterianos de importancia en medicina humana y animal. Se emplearon combinaciones de siete cepas de bacterias lácticas juntadas en pares y se estudió su efecto inhibitorio sobre los patógenos bacterianos Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Salmonella enterica ATCC 13076, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 13883, y Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC 19606 y una cepa de E. coli enterohemorrágica. La combinación de las cepas TUCO-5E + TUCO-L2 fue la más efectiva en la inhibición del desarrollo de todos los patógenos evaluados, destacando su efecto sobre K. pneumoniae y A. baumannii. Cinco de las combinaciones evaluadas mostraron efectos sinérgicos en la inhibición de patógenos extraintestinales: a) se observó efecto sinérgico entre las cepas TUCO-5E + TUCO-L2 para la inhibición de K. pneumoniae y A. baumannii, b) efecto sinérgico para TUCO-5E + TUCO-2, TUCO-5 + TUCO-2, y TUCO-3 + TUCO-17 sobre K. pneumoniae y, c) efecto sinérgico para TUCO-16 + TUCO-17 sobre A. baumannii. Las combinaciones que mostraron sinergia en el efecto antimicrobiano son buenas candidatas para el desarrollo de probióticos multicepa para la prevención y el tratamiento de infecciones bacterianas específicasUma das propiedades biológicas mais notáveis atribuídas aos probióticos é a sua atividade antimicrobiana. A investigação sobre probióticos está focado tradicionalmente em cepas individuais, porém, as combinações de cepas probióticas podem ter um espectro de ação mais amplo, ou efeitos de sinergia que potenciam sua ação de proteção. O objetivo desta investigação foi avaliar o efeito de sinergia de cepas de bacterias láticas, isoladas do leite materno de diferentes origens, na inibição de patógenos bacterianos importantes na medicina humana e animal. Sete combinações de cepas de pares de bacterias láticas foram usadas e o efeito de inibição contra patógenos bacterianos Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Salmonella enterica ATCC 13076, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 13883, e Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC 19606 e uma cepa de E. coli enterohemorrágica. A combinação das cepas TUCO-5E + TUCO-L2 foi a mais efetiva na inibição do crescimento de todos os patógenos avaliados, destacando o efeito contra K. pneumoniae e A. baumannii. Cinco combinações apresentaram efeito de sinergia na inibição de patógenos extraintestinais: a) efeito de sinergia das cepas TUCO-5E + TUCO-L2 na inibição de K. pneumoniae e A. baumannii, b) efeito de sinergia das cepas TUCO-5E + TUCO-2, TUCO-5 + TUCO-2, e TUCO-3 + TUCO-17 contra K. pneumoniae e c) efeito de sinergia das cepas TUCO-16 + TUCO-17 contra A. baumannii. As combinações das cepas que apresentaram sinergia na inibição contra as cepas patógenas são boas candidatas para a elaboração de productos probióticos multicepa para prevenir e tratar infecções bacterianas específicas. baumannii, b) efeito de sinergia das cepas TUCO-5E + TUCO-2

The Respiratory Commensal Bacterium Dolosigranulum pigrum 040417 Improves the Innate Immune Response to Streptococcus pneumoniae

Previously, we demonstrated that the nasal administration of Dolosigranulum pigrum 040417 differentially modulated the respiratory innate immune response triggered by the activation of Tolllike receptor 2 in infant mice. In this work, we aimed to evaluate the beneficial effects of D. pigrum 040417 in the context of Streptococcus pneumoniae infection and characterize the role of alveolar macrophages (AMs) in the immunomodulatory properties of this respiratory commensal bacterium. The nasal administration of D. pigrum 040417 to infant mice significantly increased their resistance to pneumococcal infection, differentially modulated respiratory cytokines production, and reduced lung injuries. These effects were associated to the ability of the 040417 strain to modulate AMs function. Depletion of AMs significantly reduced the capacity of the 040417 strain to improve both the reduction of pathogen loads and the protection against lung tissue damage. We also demonstrated that the immunomodulatory properties of D. pigrum are strain-specific, as D. pigrum 030918 was not able to modulate respiratory immunity or to increase the resistance of mice to an S. pneumoniae infection. These findings enhanced our knowledge regarding the immunological mechanisms involved in modulation of respiratory immunity induced by beneficial respiratory commensal bacteria and suggested that particular strains could be used as next-generation probiotics.Fil: Raya Tonetti, María Fernanda. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos; ArgentinaFil: Tomokiyo, Mikado. Tohoku University; JapónFil: Ortiz Moyano, Francisco Ramiro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos; ArgentinaFil: Quilodrán Vega, Sandra. Universidad de Concepción; ChileFil: Yamamuro, Hikari. Tohoku University; JapónFil: Kanmani, Paulraj. Tohoku University; JapónFil: Melnikov, Vyacheslav. Saint Petersburg State University; RusiaFil: Kurata, Shoichiro. Tohoku University; JapónFil: Kitazawa, Haruki. Tohoku University; JapónFil: Villena, Julio Cesar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos; Argentin

Functional and genomic characterization of ligilactobacillus salivarius TUCO-L2 isolated from lama glama milk: a promising immunobiotic strain to combat infections

Potential probiotic or immunobiotic effects of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from the milk of the South American camelid llama (Lama glama) have not been reported in published studies. The aim of the present work was to isolate beneficial LAB from llama milk that can be used as potential probiotics active against bacterial pathogens. LAB strains were isolated from llama milk samples. In vitro functional characterization of the strains was performed by evaluating the resistance against gastrointestinal conditions and inhibition of the pathogen growth. Additionally, the adhesive and immunomodulatory properties of the strains were assessed. The functional studies were complemented with a comparative genomic evaluation and in vivo studies in mice. Ligilactobacillus salivarius TUCO-L2 showed enhanced probiotic/immunobiotic potential compared to that of other tested strains. The TUCO-L2 strain was resistant to pH and high bile salt concentrations and demonstrated antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative intestinal pathogens and adhesion to mucins and epithelial cells. L. salivarius TUCO-L2 modulated the innate immune response triggered by Toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 activation in intestinal epithelial cells. This effect involved differential regulation of the expression of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines mediated by the modulation of the negative regulators of the TLR signaling pathway. Moreover, the TUCO-L2 strain enhanced the resistance of mice to Salmonella infection. This is the first report on the isolation and characterization of a potential probiotic/immunobiotic strain from llama milk. The in vitro, in vivo, and in silico investigation performed in this study reveals several research directions that are needed to characterize the TUCO-L2 strain in detail to position this strain as a probiotic or immunobiotic that can be used against infections in humans or animals, including llama.Fil: Quilodrán Vega, Sandra. Universidad de Concepción; ChileFil: Albarracín, Leonardo Miguel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Tecnología; Argentina. Tohoku University; JapónFil: Mansilla, Flavia Ivana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos; Argentina. Tohoku University; JapónFil: Arce, Lorena Paola. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas; Argentina. Tohoku University; JapónFil: Zhou, Binghui. Tohoku University; JapónFil: Islam, Md Aminul. Tohoku University; Japón. Bangladesh Agricultural University; BangladeshFil: Tomokiyo, Mikado. Tohoku University; JapónFil: Al Kassaa, Imad. Lebanese University. Faculty of Public Health; LíbanoFil: Suda, Yoshihito. Miyagi University; JapónFil: Kitazawa, Haruki. Tohoku University; JapónFil: Villena, Julio Cesar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos; Argentina. Tohoku University; Japó

The Ability of Respiratory Commensal Bacteria to Beneficially Modulate the Lung Innate Immune Response Is a Strain Dependent Characteristic

We investigated whether the ability of commensal respiratory bacteria to modulate the innate immune response against bacterial and viral pathogens was a shared or strain-specific characteristic. Bacterial strains belonging to the Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum and Dolosigranulum pigrum species were compared by studying their influence in the Toll-like receptor (TLR)-2- and TLR3-triggered immune responses in the respiratory tract, as well as in the resistance to Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) and Streptococcus pneumoniae infections. We demonstrated that nasally administered C. pseudodiphteriticum 090104 or D. pigrum 040417 were able to modulate respiratory immunity and increase the resistance against pathogens, while other strains of the same species did not influence the respiratory immune responses, demonstrating a clear strain-dependent immunomodulatory effect of respiratory commensal bacteria. We also reported here that bacterium-like particles (BLP) and cell walls derived from immunomodulatory respiratory commensal bacteria are an interesting alternative for the modulation of the respiratory immune system. Our study is a step forward in the positioning of certain strains of respiratory commensal bacteria as next-generation probiotics for the respiratory tract.Fil: Ortiz Moyano, Francisco Ramiro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos; ArgentinaFil: Raya Tonetti, María Fernanda. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Medicina; ArgentinaFil: Tomokiyo, Mikado. Tohoku University; JapónFil: Kanmani, Paulraj. Dongguk University; Corea del SurFil: Vizoso Pinto, María Guadalupe. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Medicina; ArgentinaFil: Kim, Hojun. Dongguk University; Corea del SurFil: Quilodrán Vega, Sandra. Universidad de Concepción; ChileFil: Melnikov, Vyacheslav. Gabrichevsky Research Institute; RusiaFil: Alvarez, Gladis Susana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos; ArgentinaFil: Takahashi, Hideki. Tohoku University; JapónFil: Kurata, Shoichiro. Tohoku University; JapónFil: Kitazawa, Haruki. Tohoku University; JapónFil: Villena, Julio Cesar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos; Argentina. Tohoku University; Japó

Isolation, characterization, and immunomodulatory activity evaluation of probiotic strains from colostrum and canine milk

BackgroundThis study aimed to characterize potential probiotic strains for use in dogs to prevent infectious enteropathies. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from canine milk and colostrum were characterized according to their functional properties, including their resistance to gastrointestinal conditions, inhibitory effect against pathogens, and intestinal adhesion.MethodsThe immunomodulatory effects of the strains were also analyzed in in vitro and in vivo studies. Among the strains evaluated, two LAB strains (TUCO-16 and TUCO-17) showed remarkable resistance to pH 3.0, bile salts, and pancreatin, as well as inhibitory effects against pathogenic Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp., and Clostridium perfringens.ResultsThe TUCO-16 and TUCO-17 strains induced a significant increase in the expression of TNF-α, IL-8, and TLR2 in canine macrophages. The oral administration of TUCO-16 and TUCO-17 strains to mice significantly augmented their resistance to pathogenic E. coli or Salmonella intestinal infections. Both canine strains reduced intestinal damage and pathogen counts in the liver and spleen and avoided their dissemination into the bloodstream. These protective effects were related to the ability of TUCO-16 and TUCO-17 strains to differentially modulate the production of IFN-γ, IFN-β, TNF-α, IL-6, KC, MCP-1, and IL-10 in the intestinal mucosa.ConclusionBoth strains, TUCO-16 and TUCO-17, are potential probiotic candidates for improving intestinal health in dogs, particularly for their ability to inhibit the growth of Gram-negative pathogens common in gastrointestinal infections and modulate the animal's immune response. Further studies are required to effectively demonstrate the beneficial effects of TUCO-16 and TUCO-17 strains in dogs

Isolation of lactic acid bacteria from swine milk and characterization of potential probiotic strains with antagonistic effects against swine-associated gastrointestinal pathogens

Probiotics are usually isolated from the gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals. The search of probiotics in human milk is a recent field of research, as the existence of the human milk microbiome was discovered only about a decade ago. To our knowledge, no reports regarding the potential probiotic effect of bacteria from swine milk were published. In this work, we isolated several lactic acid bacteria from swine milk and evaluated them for them potential as probiotics. Among the isolated strains, Lactobacillus curvatus TUCO-5E showed antagonistic effects against swine-associated gastrointestinal pathogens. TUCO-5E was able to reduce the growth of enterotoxigenic and enterohemorragic E. coli strains as well as pathogenic Salmonella. In vitro exclusion and displacement assays in intestinal epithelial cells showed a remarkable antagonistic effect for L. curvatus TUCO-5E against Salmonella TUCO-I7 and S. enterica ATCC 13096. Moreover, by using a mice model of Salmonella infection we were able to demonstrated that L. curvatus TUCO-5E preventive administration during 5 consecutive days was capable of decreasing the number of S. typhimurium in the liver and spleen of treated mice when compared to controls, and avoided dissemination of the pathogen to the blood stream. Then, we demonstrated here that swine milk is an interesting source for finding beneficial bacteria. In addition, the results of this work suggest that L. curvatus TUCO-5E is a good candidate for in vivo studying the protective effect of probiotics against intestinal infection and damage induced by Salmonella infection in the porcine host.On isole habituellement les probiotiques du tractus gastro-intestinal d’humains et d’animaux. La recherche de probiotiques dans du lait humain est un domaine de recherche récent, puisque la découverte du microbiome laitier humain ne date que d’environ 10 ans. À notre connaissance, on n’a jamais publié de rapport sur le possible effet probiotique de bactéries issues de lait porcin. Dans le présent ouvrage, nous avons isolé plusieurs bactéries lactiques du lait porcin et avons évalué leur potentiel probiotique. Parmi les souches isolées, Lactobacillus curvatus TUCO-5E a fait preuve d’antagonisme a` l’encontre de pathogènes gastro-intestinaux porcins. TUCO-5E a su diminuer la multiplication de souches entérotoxinogènes et entérohémorragiques d’Escherichia coli et de salmonelles pathogènes. Des expériences d’exclusion et de déplacement chez des cellules épithéliales intestinales ont permis de mettre en évidence une action antagoniste remarquable exercée par L. curvatus TUCO-5E envers Salmonella sp. souche TUCO-I7 et Salmonella enterica ATCC 13096. Par ailleurs, un modèle murin d’infection a` la salmonelle nous a permis de démontrer qu’une administration préventive de L. curvatus TUCO-5E pendant 5 jours consécutifs parvenait a` réduire le nombre de Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium dans le foie et la rate des souris traitées, comparativement aux témoins, et a` endiguer la propagation du pathogène dans la circulation sanguine. Dès lors, nous avons démontré que le lait porcin serait une source intéressante de bactéries bénéfiques. De plus, les résultats de cette étude laissent entendre que L. curvatus TUCO-5E pourrait faire l’objet d’études in vivo sur l’effet protecteur des probiotiques envers les infections intestinales et les dommages connexes occasionnés par les salmonelles dans l’hôte porcin. [Traduit par la Rédaction].Fil: Quilodrán Vega, Sandra Rayén. Universidad de Concepción. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Laboratorio de Microbiología de los Alimentos; ChileFil: Villena, Julio Cesar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucuman. Centro de Referencia Para Lactobacilos; ArgentinaFil: Valdebenito, José. Universidad de Concepción. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Laboratorio de Microbiología de los Alimentos; ChileFil: Salas, María José. Universidad de Concepción. Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas. Departamento de Microbiología. Laboratorio de Patogénesis Bacteriana; ChileFil: Parra, Cristian. Universidad de Concepción. Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas. Departamento de Microbiología. Laboratorio de Patogénesis Bacteriana; ChileFil: Ruiz, Alvaro. Universidad de Concepción. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Laboratorio de Microbiología de los Alimentos; ChileFil: Kitazawa, Haruki. Tohoku University. Graduate School of Agricultural Science. Laboratory of Animal Products Chemistry. Food and Feed Immunology Group; Japón. Tohoku University. Graduate School of Agricultural Science. International Education and Research Center for Food Agricultural Immunology. Livestock Immunology Unit ; JapónFil: García, Apolinaria. Univesidad de Concepción. Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas. Laboratorio de Patogénesis Bacteriana. Grupo de Investigación de Immunobiótica; Chil

<i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> Strains Modulate Intestinal Innate Immune Response and Increase Resistance to Enterotoxigenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> Infection

Currently, probiotic bacteria with not transferable antibiotic resistance represent a sustainable strategy for the treatment and prevention of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) in farm animals. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum is among the most versatile species used in the food industry, either as starter cultures or probiotics. In the present work, the immunobiotic potential of L. plantarum CRL681 and CRL1506 was studied to evaluate their capability to improve the resistance to ETEC infection. In vitro studies using porcine intestinal epithelial (PIE) cells and in vivo experiments in mice were undertaken. Expression analysis indicated that both strains were able to trigger IL-6 and IL-8 expression in PIE cells in steady-state conditions. Furthermore, mice orally treated with these strains had significantly improved levels of IFN-γ and TNF-α in the intestine as well as enhanced activity of peritoneal macrophages. The ability of CRL681 and CRL1506 to beneficially modulate intestinal immunity was further evidenced in ETEC-challenge experiments. In vitro, the CRL1506 and CRL681 strains modulated the expression of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6) and chemokines (IL-8, CCL2, CXCL5 and CXCL9) in ETEC-stimulated PIE cells. In vivo experiments demonstrated the ability of both strains to beneficially regulate the immune response against this pathogen. Moreover, the oral treatment of mice with lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains significantly reduced ETEC counts in jejunum and ileum and prevented the spread of the pathogen to the spleen and liver. Additionally, LAB treated-mice had improved levels of intestinal IL-10 both at steady state and after the challenge with ETEC. The protective effect against ETEC infection was not observed for the non-immunomodulatory TL2677 strain. Furthermore, the study showed that L. plantarum CRL1506 was more efficient than the CRL681 strain to modulate mucosal immunity highlighting the strain specific character of this probiotic activity. Our results suggest that the improved intestinal epithelial defenses and innate immunity induced by L. plantarum CRL1506 and CRL681 would increase the clearance of ETEC and at the same time, protect the host against detrimental inflammation. These constitute valuable features for future probiotic products able to improve the resistance to ETEC infection

Draft genome sequence of probiotic lactobacillus brevis TUCO-5E, isolated from porcine milk

This report describes the draft genome sequence of Lactobacillus brevisTUCO-5E, a probiotic strain isolated from porcine maternal milk. The reads were generated by a whole-genome sequencing (WGS) strategy on an Illumina MiSeq sequencer and were assembled into contigs with a total estimated size of 2,461,089 bp. A total of 2,455 open reading frames (ORFs) were predicted, including 2,301 protein-coding sequences. The draft genome sequence of L. brevis TUCO-5E will be useful for further studies of specific genetic features and for understanding the mechanisms of its probiotic properties in the porcine host.Fil: Quilodrán-Vega, Sandra Rayén. Universidad de Concepción. Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria. Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Patología; ChileFil: Albarracín, Leonardo Miguel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos; ArgentinaFil: Hebert, Elvira Maria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos; ArgentinaFil: Saavedra, Maria Lucila. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos; ArgentinaFil: Fonseca, Alexis. Universidad de Concepción. Departmento de Farmacología; ChileFil: Salas-Burgos, Alexis. Universidad de Concepción. Departmento de Farmacología; ChileFil: Kitazawa, Haruki. Tohoku University. Graduate School of Agricultural Science. Food and Feed Immunology Group; JapónFil: Villena, Julio Cesar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán; Argentin