In the shadow of the Constitution: adapting to a changing external environment

[From the introduction]. This paper is not a textual analysis of opinion polls, but an interesting question comes forward: do such opinions show support for the original EU approach to CFSP ie speaking softly and carrying a big wallet, or are they also endorsing the developments since 1999 of the more muscular ESDP? The authors of this paper do not need to be convinced of the added-value ESDP is playing today and will undoubtedly play in the future. Nor do they need to be convinced that ESDP is an important new "instrument" in the foreign policy "toolbox" to respond to the demands of the contemporary security environment or to avoid the inaction and hesitancy of the past. However, the authors put forward a number of issues in this paper that should be discussed more widely if the development of ESDP is to be a real added value for the pursuit of the Union's CFSP and sustainable in the face of future external crises and internal political debate. In this respect the authors argue for the need to address the so-called double-democratic deficit where there is a need for improved transparency, debate and democratic scrutiny of ESDP, which will otherwise remain in the shadow of the constitution

In the Shadow of the Constitution: Common Foreign and Security Policy/European Security and Defence Policy Adapting to a Changing External Environment

Abstract: The European Security and Defence Policy (ESDP) is understood as an important new "instrument" in the EU's Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) "toolbox", designed to respond to the contemporary security environment as well as to overcome the inaction and hesitancy of the past. The new dynamic created by ESDP is raising the profile and effectiveness of the EU internationally although it remains embedded in an unreformed institutional framework that struggles to capture the imagination of a broader public opinion. This paper discusses important issues, particularly from a parliamentary perspective, that should be discussed more widely if ESDP is to provide real added value in the pursuit of CFSP and be sustainable in the face of future external crises and internal political debate. This paper puts forward arguments on addressing the so-called double-democratic deficit where there is a need for improved transparency, debate and democratic scrutiny of ESDP, which will otherwise remain in the shadow of the constitution .civil society; constitution building; constitutional change; democracy; European elections; European identity; European public space; Europeanization; governance; identity; institutionalisation; intergovernmentalism; internationalisation; legitimacy; national interest; neo-institutionalism; pluralism; policy coordination; political culture; political parties; political representation; public administration; public opinion; referendum; acquis communautaire; closer cooperation; competences; European law; legal personality; transparency; budget; globalization; civil-military relations; cross-border crime; development policy; economic policy; police cooperation; security/internal; CFSP/ESDP; CFSP/ESDP; CFSP/ESDP; CFSP/ESDP; international relations; security/external; Constitution for Europe; enlargement; European Convention; founding Treaties; IGC 1996; IGC 2000; intergovernmental conferences; Maastricht Treaty; Nice Treaty; Treaty on European Union; access to documents; accountability; agenda-setting; co-decision procedure; institutions; joint decision making; legislative procedure; majority voting; MEPs; national parliaments; NGOs; qualified majority; unanimity; COREPER; Council of Ministers; European Commission; European Council; European Court of Justice; European Court of Justice; European Parliament; European Parliament; NATO; OECD; economics; history; law; sociology