Basic Education Reform in China: Untangling the Story of Success

China's recent basic education reform followed and, in a certain way, imitated its economic reform. The economic reform merged the experimental dual (planned and market) price systems into a free market economy and yielded phenomenal success. Basic education reform, however, has not succeeded in transforming the introductory dual-track (key school and regular school) systems into a universal one. This article briefly examines the general process and outcomes of basic education reform. It discusses the following questions: Is basic education reform also a story of success? What significant lessons can the Chinese reform experience offer to other comparable developing countries

脑机接口——让盲人重见光明

As a new type of human-computer interaction method, Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) technology is regarded as one of the disruptive technologies that can change the future world of human beings because it can directly read human thinking. This paper is mainly for the introduction of visual brain-computer interface

脑机接口——让盲人重见光明

As a new type of human-computer interaction method, Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) technology is regarded as one of the disruptive technologies that can change the future world of human beings because it can directly read human thinking. This paper is mainly for the introduction of visual brain-computer interface

Realizing real-time video conferencing system based on WebRTC and P2P algorithm

This paper presents a solution for realizing a real-time video conferencing system, which utilizes WebRTC technology and P2P algorithm to establish a distributed topology that reduces the burden on servers and allows direct communication between nodes. The ABR algorithm is used to adjust the video bit rate to adapt to different network conditions. In addition, optimization strategies such as bandwidth adaption, data caching and packet loss retransmission are applied to improve video transmission quality

Hospital information system based on micro-service architecture

Hospital Information Systems (HIS) play a critical role in healthcare facilities by managing patient data and streamlining administrative and clinical operations. In recent years, microservice architecture has emerged as a popular approach to designing HIS systems. This article will discuss the advantages of microservice architecture for HIS systems and its implementation

Information system design based on microservice architecture

In recent years, microservice architecture has become the mainstream approach to modern information system design, and the central idea of this architecture is to improve the scalability, reliability and maintainability of the system by splitting it into small, independent service units. This paper introduces the main ideas and practices of information system design based on microservice architecture, including service splitting, service communication, service governance and service deployment. In addition, this paper analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the current microservice architecture, and illustrates how to design and implement information systems based on microservice architecture in practical applications with real cases

Association of HLA-A, B, DRB1 alleles and haplotypes with HIV-1 infection in Chongqing, China

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The human immunodeficiency virus type 1(HIV-1) epidemic in Chongqing, China, is increasing rapidly with the dominant subtype of CRF07_BC over the past 3 years. Since human leukocyte antigen (HLA) polymorphisms have shown strong association with susceptibility/resistance to HIV-1 infection from individuals with different ethnic backgrounds, a recent investigation on frequencies of HLA class I and class II alleles in a Chinese cohort also indicated that similar correlation existed in HIV infected individuals from several provinces in China, however, such information is unavailable in Chongqing, southwest China.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>In this population-based study, we performed polymerase chain reaction analysis with sequence-specific oligonucleotide probes (PCR-SSOP) for intermediate-low-resolution HLA typing in a cohort of 549 HIV-1 infected individuals, another 2475 healthy subjects from the Han nationality in Chongqing, China, were selected as population control. We compared frequencies of HLA-A, B, DRB1 alleles, haplotypes and genotypes between the two groups, and analyzed their association with HIV-1 susceptibility or resistance.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The genetic profile of HLA (A, B, DRB1) alleles of HIV-1 infected individuals from Chongqing Han of China was obtained. Several alleles of HLA-B such as B*46 (P = 0.001, OR = 1.38, 95%CI = 1.13-1.68), B*1501G(B62) (P = 0.013, OR = 1.42, 95%CI = 1.08-1.88), B*67 (P = 0.022, OR = 2.76, 95%CI = 1.16-6.57), B*37 (P = 0.014, OR = 1.93, 95%CI = 1.14-3.28) and B*52 (P = 0.038, OR = 1.64, 95%CI = 1.03-2.61) were observed to have association with susceptibility to HIV-1 infection in this population. In addition, the haplotype analysis revealed that A*11-B*46, A*24-B*54 and A*01-B*37 for 2-locus, and A*11-B*46-DRB1*09, A*02-B*46-DRB1*08, A*11-B*4001G-DRB1*15, A*02-B*4001G-DRB1*04, A*11-B*46-DRB1*08 and A*02-B*4001G-DRB1*12 for 3-locus had significantly overrepresented in HIV-1 infected individuals, whereas A*11-B*1502G, A*11-B*1502G-DRB1*12 and A*33-B*58-DRB1*13 were underrepresented. However, the low-resolution homozygosity of HLA-A, B, DRB1 loci and HLA-Bw4/Bw6 genotypes did not differ significantly between the two groups.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>These results may contribute to the database of HLA profiles in HIV-1 infected Chinese population, consequently, the association of certain HLA alleles with susceptibility or resistance to HIV-1 infection would provide with clues in choosing proper preventive strategies against HIV-1 infection and developing effective HIV-1 vaccines in Chinese population, especially for those in southwest China.</p

Proteomics and Phosphoproteomics of Heat Stress-Responsive Mechanisms in Spinach

Elevated temperatures limit plant growth and reproduction and pose a growing threat to agriculture. Plant heat stress response is highly conserved and fine-tuned in multiple pathways. Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) is a cold tolerant but heat sensitive green leafy vegetable. In this study, heat adaptation mechanisms in a spinach sibling inbred heat-tolerant line Sp75 were investigated using physiological, proteomic, and phosphoproteomic approaches. The abundance patterns of 911 heat stress-responsive proteins, and phosphorylation level changes of 45 phosphoproteins indicated heat-induced calcium-mediated signaling, ROS homeostasis, endomembrane trafficking, and cross-membrane transport pathways, as well as more than 15 transcription regulation factors. Although photosynthesis was inhibited, diverse primary and secondary metabolic pathways were employed for defense against heat stress, such as glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway, amino acid metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, nucleotide metabolism, vitamin metabolism, and isoprenoid biosynthesis. These data constitute a heat stress-responsive metabolic atlas in spinach, which will springboard further investigations into the sophisticated molecular mechanisms of plant heat adaptation and inform spinach molecular breeding initiatives

Basic Education Reform in China

China's recent basic education reform followed and, in a certain way, imitated its economic reform. The economic reform merged the experimental dual (planned and market) price systems into a free market economy and yielded phenomenal success. Basic education reform, however, has not succeeded in transforming the introductory dual-track (key school and regular school) systems into a universal one. This article briefly examines the general process and outcomes of basic education reform. It discusses the following questions: Is basic education reform also a story of success? What significant lessons can the Chinese reform experience offer to other comparable developing countries

Time-frequency Analysis Techniques for Recognition and Suppression of Interrupted Sampling Repeater Jamming

Through partial intercepting and multiple forwarding of a radar transmitting signal, Digital Radio Frequency Memory (DRFM)-based Interrupted Sampling Repeater Jamming (ISRJ) possesses advantages of small size, light weight, and flexibility. Thus, DRFM-ISRJ can be equipped on targets to perform multi-point source main-lobe jamming, posing a serious threat to modern radars. In this study, a time-frequency domain recognition and suppression method was analyzed. First, the expression of pulse compression and Time-Frequency Distribution (TFD) of the jamming signal were deduced. Then, the differences of TFD between target echo and jamming signal were analyzed. On this basis, a jamming recognition program and a timefrequency domain filter to suppress the jamming were proposed. Simulation results show that the recognition rate is better than 90% when the jamming-to-noise ratio is over –3 dB for the received signal. Based on correct recognition, a signal to jamming-and-noise ratio improvement of 18 dB can be achieved using the timefrequency filter