41 research outputs found
Novel octopus shaped organic-inorganic composite membranes for PEMFCs
© 2016 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC.Phosphoric acid doped polybenzimidazoles are among the most interesting proton exchange membrane materials for high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell applications. As a major challenge the proton conducting decline due to free phosphoric acid leaching during the long term fuel cell operation is addressed by fixing overmuch phosphoric acid in the polymer matrix. Novel organic-inorganic composite membranes are prepared via in situ synthesis of poly(2,5-benzimidazole) (ABPBI) and OctaAmmonium POSS (AM-POSS) hybrid composites (ABPBI/AM-POSS) following phosphoric acid doping and membrane casting procedures. Compared with the pristine ABPBI membrane, the introduction of AM-POSS into ABPBI polymer membrane caused water and phosphoric acid absorbilities increasing dramatically, resulting in the significant increase of proton conductivities at whether hydrous or anhydrous condition. ABPBI/3AM composite membranes with phosphoric acid uptake above 250% showed best proton conductivities from room temperature to 160 °C, indicating these composite membranes could be excellent candidates as a polymer electrolyte membrane for low and intermediate temperature applications
Robust and Versatile Light Absorption at Near-Infrared Wavelengths by Plasmonic Aluminum Nanorods
We investigate the far-field and
near-field properties of aluminum
nanorods fabricated by electron beam lithography and exhibiting plasmonic
resonance in the near-infrared region. First, we show that plasmonic
modes within nanorod arrays can be tuned by geometrical parameters,
allowing one to control the system transparency. Next, the light absorption
in this structure is closely examined, and we demonstrate that aluminum
has great potential due to its unique interband transition at 800
nm. The roles of the dielectric confinement and the coupling between
plasmonic resonance and the interband transition are particularly
emphasized, as their adjustment can be used to switch from highly
scattering particles to absorbing particles without a significant
modification of the plasmonic resonance position. Finally, we image
the plasmon-generated local field distribution in the aluminum nanostructures
and observe, for the first time, the effect of the interband transition
on the near-field behavior. The effect of the dielectric confinement
is also numerically investigated, as it is shown to play a significant
role in near-field enhancement
Results of the survival curve fit the Tislelizumab of the base-case analysis in the partitioned survival model.
Results of the survival curve fit the Tislelizumab of the base-case analysis in the partitioned survival model.</p
Incremental cost-effectiveness scatter plot.
BackgroundTo evaluate the cost-effectiveness of Tislelizumab vs Sorafenib as the first-line treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from the perspective of the Chinese health service system.MethodsA lifetime partitioned survival model (PSM) was developed to cost-effectively analyze Tislelizumab vs Sorafenib as the first-line treatment of unresectable HCC. The clinical and safety data were derived from a recently randomized clinical trial (RATIONALE-301). Utilities were collected from the published literature. Costs were obtained from an open-access database (http://www.yaozh.com) and previous studies. The model cycle was 21 days, according to the RATIONALE-301 study, and the simulation period was patients’ lifetime. Long-term direct medical costs and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) were determined. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was used as the evaluation index. one-way sensitivity analysis (OSWA) and probabilistic sensitivity analysis (PSA) were used to analyze the uncertainty of parameters and to adjust and verify the stability of the baseline results.ResultsThe Tislelizumab group generated a cost of 26750.95 and 1.578 QALYs, respectively. The Tislelizumab group increased QALYs by 0.568, the incremental cost was 22869.64/QALY, lower than the willingness to pay threshold (WTP). OSWA results showed that the utility of progressed disease (PD), cost of Camrelizumab, and cost of Tislelizumab were the main factors affecting the ICER. PSA results showed that, within 1000 times the Monte Carlo simulation, the cost of the Tislelizumab group was lower than three times the per capita gross domestic product (GDP) of China (12251.00, the Tislelizumab group was the dominant scheme, and the economic advantage grew with an increasing WTP. When WTP ≥ $19000.00, the Tislelizumab group became the absolute economic advantage.ConclusionUnder the current economic conditions in China, the Tislelizumab therapeutic scheme is more cost-effective than the Sorafenib therapeutic scheme for treating patients with unresectable HCC.</div
Base-case analysis results.
BackgroundTo evaluate the cost-effectiveness of Tislelizumab vs Sorafenib as the first-line treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from the perspective of the Chinese health service system.MethodsA lifetime partitioned survival model (PSM) was developed to cost-effectively analyze Tislelizumab vs Sorafenib as the first-line treatment of unresectable HCC. The clinical and safety data were derived from a recently randomized clinical trial (RATIONALE-301). Utilities were collected from the published literature. Costs were obtained from an open-access database (http://www.yaozh.com) and previous studies. The model cycle was 21 days, according to the RATIONALE-301 study, and the simulation period was patients’ lifetime. Long-term direct medical costs and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) were determined. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was used as the evaluation index. one-way sensitivity analysis (OSWA) and probabilistic sensitivity analysis (PSA) were used to analyze the uncertainty of parameters and to adjust and verify the stability of the baseline results.ResultsThe Tislelizumab group generated a cost of 26750.95 and 1.578 QALYs, respectively. The Tislelizumab group increased QALYs by 0.568, the incremental cost was 22869.64/QALY, lower than the willingness to pay threshold (WTP). OSWA results showed that the utility of progressed disease (PD), cost of Camrelizumab, and cost of Tislelizumab were the main factors affecting the ICER. PSA results showed that, within 1000 times the Monte Carlo simulation, the cost of the Tislelizumab group was lower than three times the per capita gross domestic product (GDP) of China (12251.00, the Tislelizumab group was the dominant scheme, and the economic advantage grew with an increasing WTP. When WTP ≥ $19000.00, the Tislelizumab group became the absolute economic advantage.ConclusionUnder the current economic conditions in China, the Tislelizumab therapeutic scheme is more cost-effective than the Sorafenib therapeutic scheme for treating patients with unresectable HCC.</div
Model parameters: Baseline values, ranges, and distributions for sensitivity analysis.
Model parameters: Baseline values, ranges, and distributions for sensitivity analysis.</p
Membrane orientation of the N- and C-terminus of TMEM68.
<p>Total membranes obtained from the COS-7 cells expressing His<sub>6</sub>-TMEM68 (A) and TMEM68-FLAG (B) were incubated in the absence or presence of proteinase K (PK) and/or 1% Triton X-100 (TX) and subjected to immunoblotting using antibodies against His<sub>6</sub>, FLAG, and PDI.</p
The one-way sensitivity analysis results presented by tornado diagram.
The one-way sensitivity analysis results presented by tornado diagram.</p
Cost-effectiveness acceptability curve.
BackgroundTo evaluate the cost-effectiveness of Tislelizumab vs Sorafenib as the first-line treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from the perspective of the Chinese health service system.MethodsA lifetime partitioned survival model (PSM) was developed to cost-effectively analyze Tislelizumab vs Sorafenib as the first-line treatment of unresectable HCC. The clinical and safety data were derived from a recently randomized clinical trial (RATIONALE-301). Utilities were collected from the published literature. Costs were obtained from an open-access database (http://www.yaozh.com) and previous studies. The model cycle was 21 days, according to the RATIONALE-301 study, and the simulation period was patients’ lifetime. Long-term direct medical costs and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) were determined. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was used as the evaluation index. one-way sensitivity analysis (OSWA) and probabilistic sensitivity analysis (PSA) were used to analyze the uncertainty of parameters and to adjust and verify the stability of the baseline results.ResultsThe Tislelizumab group generated a cost of 26750.95 and 1.578 QALYs, respectively. The Tislelizumab group increased QALYs by 0.568, the incremental cost was 22869.64/QALY, lower than the willingness to pay threshold (WTP). OSWA results showed that the utility of progressed disease (PD), cost of Camrelizumab, and cost of Tislelizumab were the main factors affecting the ICER. PSA results showed that, within 1000 times the Monte Carlo simulation, the cost of the Tislelizumab group was lower than three times the per capita gross domestic product (GDP) of China (12251.00, the Tislelizumab group was the dominant scheme, and the economic advantage grew with an increasing WTP. When WTP ≥ $19000.00, the Tislelizumab group became the absolute economic advantage.ConclusionUnder the current economic conditions in China, the Tislelizumab therapeutic scheme is more cost-effective than the Sorafenib therapeutic scheme for treating patients with unresectable HCC.</div