Dermoscopic characterization and clinical application of four facial erythematous inflammatory dermatoses

Use dermoscope to identify inflammatory dermatoses with facial erythema as the main feature and other atypical clinical manifestations. By reviewing the clinical data and dermoscopic images of outpatients in our hospital, four diseases of rosacea, seborrheic dermatitis, contact dermatitis and atopic dermatitis were screened out, and their dermoscopic characteristics were obtained: Rosacea is a diffuse distribution of polygonal blood vessels on a red or purple background; SD is an atypical vascularity on a yellow-red background with an oil-drop reddish halo around the hair follicle. Contact dermatitis is linear blood vessels and pleomorphic blood vessels in a light red background; AD is punctate blood vessels and spherical blood vessels under a light red background with a visible scaly distribution. Honeycomb pigmentation can be seen in seborrheic dermatitis and contact dermatitis. Combined with relevant clinical reports, the application of dermoscope in clinical diagnosis and treatment are discussed

Dermoscopic characterization and clinical application of four facial erythematous inflammatory dermatoses

Use dermoscope to identify inflammatory dermatoses with facial erythema as the main feature and other atypical clinical manifestations. By reviewing the clinical data and dermoscopic images of outpatients in our hospital, four diseases of rosacea, seborrheic dermatitis, contact dermatitis and atopic dermatitis were screened out, and their dermoscopic characteristics were obtained: Rosacea is a diffuse distribution of polygonal blood vessels on a red or purple background; SD is an atypical vascularity on a yellow-red background with an oil-drop reddish halo around the hair follicle. Contact dermatitis is linear blood vessels and pleomorphic blood vessels in a light red background; AD is punctate blood vessels and spherical blood vessels under a light red background with a visible scaly distribution. Honeycomb pigmentation can be seen in seborrheic dermatitis and contact dermatitis. Combined with relevant clinical reports, the application of dermoscope in clinical diagnosis and treatment are discussed

Robust and Superhydrophobic Surface Modification by a “Paint + Adhesive” Method: Applications in Self-Cleaning after Oil Contamination and Oil–Water Separation

Conventional superhydrophobic surfaces have always depended on expensive, sophisticated, and fragile roughness structures. Therefore, poor robustness has turned into the bottleneck for large-scale industrial applications of the superhydrophobic surfaces. To handle this problem, a superhydrophobic surface with firm robustness urgently needs to be developed. In this work, we created a versatile strategy to fabricate robust, self-cleaning, and superhydrophobic surfaces for both soft and hard substrates. We created an ethanol based suspension of perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane-mdodified calcium carbonate nanoparticles which can be sprayed onto both hard and soft substrates to form superhydrophobic surfaces. For all kinds of substrates, spray adhesive was directly coated onto abluent substrate surfaces to promote the robustness. These superhydrophobic surfaces showed remarkable robustness against knife scratch and sandpaper abrasion, while retaining its superhydrophobicity even after 30 abrasion cycles with sandpaper. What is more, the superhydrophobic surfaces have shown promising potential applications in self-cleaning and oil–water separation. The surfaces retained their self-cleaning property even immersed in oil. In addition to oil–water separation, the water contents in oil after separation of various mixtures were all below 150 ppm, and for toluene even as low as 55 ppm. Furthermore, the as-prepared device for oil–water separation could be cycled 6 times and still retained excellent oil–water separation efficiency

Guidelines for the diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control of infections caused by carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacilli

The dissemination of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli (CRGNB) is a global public health issue. CRGNB isolates are usually extensively drug-resistant or pandrug-resistant, resulting in limited antimicrobial treatment options and high mortality. A multidisciplinary guideline development group covering clinical infectious diseases, clinical microbiology, clinical pharmacology, infection control, and guideline methodology experts jointly developed the present clinical practice guidelines based on best available scientific evidence to address the clinical issues regarding laboratory testing, antimicrobial therapy, and prevention of CRGNB infections. This guideline focuses on carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriales (CRE), carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB), and carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA). Sixteen clinical questions were proposed from the perspective of current clinical practice and translated into research questions using PICO (population, intervention, comparator, and outcomes) format to collect and synthesize relevant evidence to inform corresponding recommendations. The grading of recommendations, assessment, development and evaluation (GRADE) approach was used to evaluate the quality of evidence, benefit and risk profile of corresponding interventions and formulate recommendations or suggestions. Evidence extracted from systematic reviews and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was considered preferentially for treatment-related clinical questions. Observational studies, non-controlled studies, and expert opinions were considered as supplementary evidence in the absence of RCTs. The strength of recommendations was classified as strong or conditional (weak). The evidence informing recommendations derives from studies worldwide, while the implementation suggestions combined the Chinese experience. The target audience of this guideline is clinician and related professionals involved in management of infectious diseases