Post-capitalist property

When writing about property and property rights in his imagined post-capitalist society of the future, Marx seemed to envisage ‘individual property’ co-existing with ‘socialized property’ in the means of production. As the social and political consequences of faltering growth and increasing inequality, debt and insecurity gradually manifest themselves, and with automation and artificial intelligence lurking in the wings, the future of capitalism, at least in its current form, looks increasingly uncertain. With this, the question of what property and property rights might look like in the future, in a potentially post-capitalist society, is becoming ever more pertinent. Is the choice simply between private property and markets, and public (state-owned) property and planning? Or can individual and social property in the (same) means of production co-exist, as Marx suggested? This paper explores ways in which they might, through an examination of the Chinese household responsibility system (HRS) and the ‘fuzzy’ and seemingly confusing regime of land ownership that it instituted. It examines the HRS against the backdrop of Marx’s ideas about property and subsequent (post-Marx) theorizing about the legal nature of property in which property has come widely to be conceptualized not as a single, unitary ‘ownership’ right to a thing (or, indeed, as the thing itself) but as a ‘bundle of rights’. The bundle-of-rights idea of property, it suggests, enables us to see not only that ‘individual’ and ‘socialized’ property’ in the (same) means of production might indeed co-exist, but that the range of institutional possibility is far greater than that between capitalism and socialism/communism as traditionally conceived

Elimination Of The Nonminimum-Phase Problem At Major Sampling Intervals

Dual time-scale sampling with intermediate discrete filtering, called moving-average skip sampling, is introduced to overcome the problem of unstable zeros of the sampled system. The new scheme proves easy to implement and efficiently recovers the minimum-phase property of the continuous system at major sampling intervals. An example illustrates the effect of moving-average skip sampling on the nonminimum-phase zeros. © 1992 Birkhäuser

First principle studies on the electronic structures and absorption spectra in KMgF3 crystal with fluorine vacancy

The experiments indicate that the perfect KMgF3 crystal has no absorption in the visible range, however the electron irradiation induces a complex absorption spectrum. The absorption spectra can be decomposed by five Gaussian bands peaking at 2.5 eV (488 nm), 3.4 eV (359 nm), 4.2 eV (295 nm), 4.6 eV (270 nm) and 5.2 eV (239 nm), respectively. The purpose of this paper is to seek the origins of the absorption bands. The electronic structures and absorption spectra either for the perfect KMgF3 or for KMgF 3: VF+ with electrical neutrality have been studied by using density functional theory code CASTEP with the lattice structure optimized. The calculation results predicate that KMgF3: VF+ also exhibits five absorption bands caused by the existence of the fluorine ion vacancy VF+ and the five absorption bands well coincide with the experimental results. It is believable that the five absorption bands are related to VF+ in KMgF3 crystal produced by the electron irradiation

Study of the electronic structures of oxygen doped in LiBaF3 crystal

The most likely substituting positions of impurity oxygen ions in LiBaF3 crystals are studied using the general utility lattice program (GULP). The calculated results indicate that the main defect model is [OF′+VF·] in the O:LiBaF3 crystal. The electronic structures of the LiBaF3 crystal with the defect [OF′+VF·] are calculated using the DV-Xα method. It can be concluded from the electronic structures that the LiBaF3 crystal with the defect [OF′+VF·] will exhibit a 217–280 nm absorption band and the impurity oxygen will decrease core-valence luminescence yield

First-principles study of cadmium vacancy in CdWO4 crystal

The structural relaxation, electronic structures and optical properties of CdWO crystal containing cadmium vacancy (CWO:V) are studied by the CASTEP code. The cadmium vacancy (V) would trap two holes to maintain the local electrical neutrality. The calculated structural relaxation and electronic density of states reveals that the existent form of the hole in CWO:V should be oxygen molecular ion (O). Therefore an associated color center [O-V-O] named as V center would form in the crystal. The calculated optical absorption spectrum for CWO:V indicates that this V center would cause an absorption band peaking at about 650 nm with a shoulder at around 400 nm, which is in agreement with the experimental optical absorptions of the blue-grey colored CWO crystal