Twist-3 light-cone distribution amplitudes of the scalar mesons within the QCD sum rules and their application to the B→SB \to S transition form factors

We investigate the twist-3 light-cone distribution amplitudes (LCDAs) of the scalar mesons $a_0$, $K^{\ast}_0$ and $f_0$ within the QCD sum rules. The QCD sum rules are improved by a consistent treatment of the sizable $s$-quark mass effects within the framework of the background field approach. Adopting the valence quark component $(\bar{q}_1 q_2)$ as the dominant structure of the scalar mesons, our estimation for their masses are close to the measured $a_0(1450)$, $K^{\ast}_0(1430)$ and $f_0(1710)$. From the sum rules, we obtain the first two non-zero moments of the twist-3 LCDAs $\phi^{s,\sigma}_{a_0}$: $\langle \xi_{s,a_0}^{2(4)} \rangle=0.369 \;(0.245)$ and $\langle \xi_{\sigma,a_0}^{2(4)} \rangle=0.203 \;(0.093)$; those of the twist-3 LCDAs $\phi_{K^*_0}^{s,\sigma}$: $\langle \xi_{s,K^{\ast}_0}^{1(2)} \rangle =0.004\;(0.355)$ and $\langle \xi_{\sigma,K^{\ast}_0}^{1(2)} \rangle =0.018\;(0.207)$; and those of the twist-3 LCDAs $\phi_{f_0}^{s,\sigma}$: $\langle \xi_{s,f_0}^{2(4)} \rangle=0.335 \;(0.212)$ and $\langle \xi_{\sigma,f_0}^{2(4)} \rangle=0.196 \; (0.088)$, respectively. As an application of those twist-3 LCDAs, we study the $B \to S$ transition form factors by introducing proper chiral currents into the correlator, which is constructed such that the twist-3 LCDAs give dominant contribution and the twist-2 LCDAs make negligible contribution. Our results of the $B \to S$ transition form factors at the large recoil region $q^2 \simeq 0$ are consistent with those obtained in the literature, which inversely shows the present twist-3 LCDAs are acceptable.Comment: 14 pages, 12 figures, 7 table

Cryopreservation of human failed-matured oocytes followed by in vitro maturation: vitrification is superior to the slow freezing method

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Oocyte cryopreservation is an important method used in a number of human fertility circumstances. Here, we compared the survival, <it>in vitro </it>maturation, fertilization, and early embryonic development rates of frozen-thawed human immature oocytes using two different cryopreservation methods.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A total of 454 failed-matured oocytes [germinal vesicle (GV) and metaphase I (MI) stages] were collected from 135 patients (mean age 33.84 +/- 5.0 y) who underwent intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles between February 2009 and December 2009 and randomly divided into a slow freezing group [1.5 mol/L-1, 2-propanediol (PROH) + 0.2 mol/l sucrose] and vitrification group [20% PROH + 20% ethylene glycol (EG) + 0.5 mol/l sucrose].</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The vitrification protocol yielded a better survival rate than the slow freezing protocol at each maturation stage assessed. Regardless of the maturation stage (GV + MI), the slow freezing protocol had a significantly lower survival rate than the vitrification protocol (p < 0.001). In addition, a significant difference was found in the survival rates between GV and MI oocytes regardless of the protocol used (90.1 vs. 64.7%, respectively; p < 0.01). We also found that the maturation rates of GV and MI oocytes from the slow freezing and vitrification groups were 16.7 vs. 24.4% and 50.8 vs. 55.4%, respectively. Regardless of the protocol used, the GV oocytes had significantly lower viability than MI oocytes after 36 h of <it>in vitro </it>maturation (21.2 vs. 54.0%, respectively; p < 0.01). In addition, the GV and MI oocytes from the slow freezing group had a markedly lower maturation rate than those from the vitrification group (33.6 vs. 43.1%, respectively), but no statistical difference was found between the two groups (P > 0.05). For the GV-matured oocytes, no fertilized eggs were obtained in the slow-freezing group, while a 19.0% (4/21) fertilization rate was observed in the vitrification group. For the MI-matured oocytes, fertilization rates for the slow freezing and vitrified groups were 36% and 61.1%, respectively, but no significant difference was found between the two groups (PIn the Methods section in the MS, all procedures were compliant with ethical guidelines, i.e. approved by the Ethical Committee of our university and Informed Consent signed by each patient. > 0.05). In the GV vitrification group, no embryo formed; however, in the MI slow freezing group, 12 oocytes were fertilized, but only two achieved cleavage and were subsequently blocked at the 2-cell stage. In the MI vitrification group, a total of 22 embryos were obtained, five of which developed to the blastocyst stage.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Vitrification is superior to the slow freezing method in terms of the survival and developmental rates for the cryopreservation of human failed-matured oocytes. In addition, GV oocytes appeared to be more resistant than MI oocytes to the low temperature and cryoprotectant used during cryopreservation.</p

(4-Carb­oxy-2-sulfonato­benzoato-κ2 O 1,O 2)bis­(1,10-phenanthroline-κ2 N,N′)manganese(II)

In the title complex, [Mn(C8H4O7S)(C12H8N2)2], the MnII atom is chelated by one 4-carb­oxy-2-sulfonato­benzoate anion and two phenathroline (phen) ligands in a distorted octa­hedral MnN4O2 geometry. The benzene ring of the 4-carb­oxy-2-sulfonato­benzoate anion is twisted with respect to the two phen ring systems at dihedral angles of 66.38 (9) and 53.56 (9)°. In the crystal, inter­molecular O—H⋯O and C—H⋯O hydrogen bonding links the mol­ecules into chains running parallel to [100]. Inter­molecular π–π stacking is also observed between parallel phen ring systems, the face-to-face distance being 3.432 (6) Å

Marital Satisfaction, Social Support, and Social Stress: A Cross Cultural Comparison Between Indonesian and Chinese Wives

Marital satisfaction is studied more often than any other concepts. (Spanier & Lewis, 1980; Fower & Olson, 1993). Marital satisfaction is an important variable to research, because it is a global evaluation of marital life and a reflection of marital happiness and functioning. Social dimensions have contribution to marital satisfaction (Chen, & Li, 2012), such as social support and social stress. Social environment can be define as social support in the context of social relationship that have potentially supportive transaction. In the other hand, social environment define as stressor in the context of social relationship that have negative impact. This is empirical study, to describe correlation between social support, social stress (stressor) and marital satisfaction among lndonesian and Chinese wife. The subject are 463 wives (268 wives from Indonesia dan 195 wives fromChina), withinages 25 - 45 years old, both housewife or worker. The collecting data using surveym ethods with ENRICH Marital Satisfaction (Fowler and Olson, 1993 ) which have 11 aspects and DUSOCS that measure source of support and stressor. Correlation Spearman (Non Parametric) and Mann U Whitney are used to analyst the data. The results show that: 1) There is significant difference in marital satisfaction between Indonesian (mean = 53.0498) and Chinese (mean = 47.8462) wives (z= -4.349, asymp. sig.= ,000 (< .05)); which is social support Indonesian (mean = 62.1794) higher than Chinese (mean = 52.3744) wives (z= -5.191, asymp. sig.= ,000 (< .05)). Second result are 1). There is a significant correlation between marital satisfaction and social support both Indonesian and Chinnese Wives, either among Indonesia (r.1=8, sig.= 0.003 (<.05)) and Chinese (r=.217, sig.= 0.002 (<.05)); 2). There is a significant correlation between marital satisfaction and social stress, either among Indonesia (r=-.2 50, sig.= 0.000 (<.05)) and Chinese (r= -.228, sig.= 0.001 (<.05)). Characteristic of the country (religion, culture, history, and economic growth) can explain the differences of marital satisfaction of those countr.y. . between Indonesia and China. Second. Indonesian receive higher social support from their family and non-family than Chinese wives. Collectivism perspective that held in Indonesia and China, can explain the correlation between marital satisfaction, social support and social stress from family member